Name______________________
Date_________
Miss Badean
AP Biology
Cell Structures and Functions
1. Write the name of the cell part in the box next to its description/function.
Cell membrane
Centrioles
Chloroplast
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic reticulum, rough
Endoplasmic reticulum, smooth
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Cell Part
Nuclear envelope
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Ribosomes, bound
Ribosomes, free
Vacuole
Vesicle, secretory (release)
Vesicle, transport
Description/Function
CELL MEMBRANE
Forms the boundary of the cell; acts as a selective
barrier allowing certain materials to pass but not
others
CYTOPLASM
The entire region between the nucleus and the cell
membrane; consists of the cytosol
NUCLEUS
Contains most of the genes that control the
eukaryotic cell; generally the most conspicuous
organelle in a eukaryotic cell; contains the
nucleolus and chromatin
NUCLEOLUS
Where the components of the ribosomes are
synthesized and assembled; found in the nucleus
NUCLEAR ENVELOPE
Double membrane that forms the boundary between the
nuclear contents and the cytoplasm; perforated with
pores
FREE RIBOSOMES
Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol;
produces proteins for use within the cell
BOUND RIBOSOMES
Site of protein synthesis; attached to the outside
surface of the endoplasmic reticulum; produces
proteins for use outside the cell or for use in the cell
membrane.
SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
Synthesizes lipids including phospholipids and
steroids; metabolizes carbohydrates; detoxifies
drugs and poisons; stores calcium ions; lacks
attached ribosomes
Cell Part
Description/Function
GOGLI BODY
Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives
transport vesicles from the ER; modifies ER products;
produces certain molecules; produces lysosomes and
secretory vesicles
ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM
Channels proteins to transport vesicles; attaches
carbohydrate to some proteins; involved in membrane
production through the production of
vesicles; has attached ribosomes
TRANSPORT VESCICLE
Carries ER products to the Golgi
SECRETORY VESCICLE
Carries Golgi modified products to the cell membrane; fuses
with the cell membrane releasing
the contents to outside the cell
LYSOSOME
Membrane found sac of hydrolytic enzymes;
enzymes are used to digest food, other molecules, and old,
worn out cell parts
VACUOLE
Membrane bound sacs; larger than vesicles; stores
materials
MITOCHONDRIA
Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars,
fats, and other fuels
CHLOROPLAST
Site of photosynthesis; produce food using light energy,
CO2 and H2O
CENTRIOLES
Paired structures found in animal cells; consist of
microtubules in a 9+0 arrangement; involved in cell
division
2. Match the cell part with the correct letter from
the diagram below.
F
Cell membrane
A
Cytoplasm
J
Golgi
K
Lysosome
B
Mitochondria
H
Nuclear envelope
E
Nucleolus
G
Ribosomes
I
Rough ER
C
Smooth ER
3. Is the cell pictured in number 2 above an animal or plant cell? ANIMAL
Justify your reasoning. There is no cell wall. Centrioles are present. There are no chloroplasts.
4. Match the structure with the correct letter from the diagram below.
B
Bound ribosomes
H
Cell membrane
I
Cell wall
G
Central vacuole
F
Chloroplast
J
Cytoplasm
E
Golgi
D
Mitochondria
C
Nuclear envelope
M
Nuclear Pore
A
Rough ER
L
Smooth ER
5. Is the cell in question four a plant or animal cell? __ PLANT__________
Justify your answer. There presence of a large central vacuole, a cell wall, and several chloroplasts
6. Match the function with the correct cell part from the diagram below.
Letter
I
Description/Function
Carries Golgi modified products to the cell membrane; fuses with the cell membrane
releasing the contents to outside the cell
L
Consists of DNA and protein; condenses to form chromosomes
J
Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol; produces proteins for use within the cell
G
Membrane bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes; enzymes are used to digest food, other
molecules, and old, worn out cell parts
K
Contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell; generally the most conspicuous
organelle in a eukaryotic cell; contains the nucleolus
and chromatin
F
Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars, fats, and other fuels
M
Where the components of the ribosomes are synthesized and assembled;
found in the nucleus
B
Paired structures found in animal cells; consist of microtubules in a 9+0 arrangement;
involved in cell division
E
Site of protein synthesis; attached to the outside surface of the endoplasmic reticulum;
produces proteins for use outside the cell or for use in the cell membrane.
C
Synthesizes lipids including phospholipids and steroids; metabolizes carbohydrates;
detoxifies drugs and poisons; stores calcium ions; lacks attached ribosomes
A
D
The entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane; consists of the cytosol
N
H
Channels proteins to transport vesicles; attaches carbohydrate to some proteins; involved
in membrane production through the production of
vesicles; has attached ribosomes
Forms the boundary of the cell; acts as a selective barrier allowing certain materials
to pass but not others
Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives transport vesicles from the ER; modifies
ER products; produces certain molecules; produces lysosomes and secretory vesicles
7. Match the function with the correct letter from the diagram below.
Letter
H
Description/Function
Consists of DNA and protein; condenses to form chromosomes
J
Site of protein synthesis; suspended in the cytosol; produces proteins for use
within the cell
I
Contains most of the genes that control the eukaryotic cell; generally the most
conspicuous organelle in a eukaryotic cell; contains the nucleolus and chromatin
D
Site of cellular respiration; produces ATP from sugars, fats, and other fuels
G
Where the components of the ribosomes are synthesized and assembled;
found in the nucleus
C
Synthesizes lipids including phospholipids and steroids; metabolizes
carbohydrates; detoxifies drugs and poisons; stores calcium ions; lacks
attached ribosomes
L
Protective layer external to the cell membrane; consists of cellulose
B
Site of photosynthesis; produce food using light energy, CO2 and H2O
F
The entire region between the nucleus and the cell membrane; consists of the
cytosol
E
Channels proteins to transport vesicles; attaches carbohydrate to some
proteins; involved in membrane production through the production of vesicles;
has attached ribosomes
Contains hydrolytic enzymes; sequesters dangerous by-products;
contains soluble pigments; stores water; involved in cell growth
A
K
Consists of flattened membranous sacs; receives transport vesicles from the ER;
modifies ER products; produces certain molecules; produces lysosomes and
secretory vesicles
THE ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM! – TRANSPORT WITHIN CELLS
8. Color the following parts on the diagram below:
Amino Acids (arrow)(A)
Rough ER (B)
Ribosomes (C)
Peroxisomes (D)
Smooth ER (E)
Transport vesicle (F)
Golgi (G)
Secretory vesicle (H)
Lysosome (I)
Food vacuole (J)
Cell membrane (K)
Protein product (L)
The diagram in #8 shows the relationship among the majority of the components on the
endomembrane system. Use the diagram and your notes to complete the following chart.
Transition
(Transport)
Vesicle
Origin
Contents
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
Secretory
Vesicle
Golgi Body
Lysosome
Golgi Body
Proteins, other ER Proteins, other
products
ER products
Digestive
Enzymes, Low
pH
Golgi Body
Vacuole for
fusion
Cell Membrane
Destination
9. Match each of the events listed below with the correct number from the diagram in
#8.
2
Proteins routed by ER; proteins may be modified
3
Formation of transition vesicle
9
Lysosome fuses with vacuole
4
Transition vesicle carries contents to the Golgi
6
Secretory vesicle produced
5
Golgi modifies proteins
1
Amino acids imported into the cell; bound ribosomes use the amino acids to
produce proteins
8
7
Lysosome produced; lysosome contains hydrolytic enzymes
Secretory vesicle contents released to the outside of the cell
10.Identify the organelles involved in the production and secretion (release) of secretory
proteins. (HINT: It starts with the nucleus…)
Nucleus -> Rough ER Ribosomes -> Transport Vesicle -> Golgi -> Secretory Vesicle ->
Cell Membrane
11.What is one example of a general function of a protein that would be secreted from a
cell? Cell Signaling (hormones), Digestive Enzymes, Fighting Disease