4.1 Biological Processes and Systems Review
1. What is the function of the two following plant tissues:
a. Xylem: transports water and minerals from the roots throughout the plant
b. Phloem: transports sugars throughout the plant
2. Define the following:
a. Geotropism: turning or growth movement of a plant in response to gravity
b. Transpiration: process by which moisture is carried through plants, where it’s changed to
vapor and is released into the atmosphere.
c. Phototropism: the turning or growth movement of a plant in response to sunlight
d. Photosynthesis: the process of turning sunlight energy and carbon dioxide into sugar and
oxygen
3. The human digestive system is a complex system that works in conjunction with other body systems
to digest food and move food through the body. Label the role of each of the following systems in this
process:
a. Muscular system: muscular contractions move food through the digestive system
b. Endocrine: hormones are released by the endocrine system to help control blood sugar
c. Circulatory: broken down food passes through the circulatory system to cells
4. What is the function of the following plant systems:
a. Roots: absorption of water and inorganic nutrients, anchoring the plant, storage of food, and
reproduction
b. Shoot System: body of the plant; stems; leaves; flowers; branches
5. The stomata on a saguaro cactus must open to let in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. When each
stoma opens, however, water can escape from the plant. How does the saguaro minimize the loss of
water when stomata open? In other words, what adaptations exist to prevent water loss? The stomata
minimizes loss of water by only opening and closing at nighttime, when water loss is less due to lower
temperature and no sunlight.
6.
If a person has a blood-calcium (Ca2+) level of 8 mg/100 mL of blood, which of the
following mechanisms does the body use to maintain blood-calcium homeostasis?
The kidneys take up for CA 2+ and release vitamin D, The bones release CA 2+, the Intestines increase
reabsorbtion, All of these? (CIRCLE ONE)
4.1 Biological Processes and Systems Review
7. Identify the role of each of the following labeled flower parts:
Anther: The pollen producing part of the flower
Filament: slender part of a stamen that supports the anther
Stigma: The part that receives pollen during pollination
Style: Long, slender stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary
Ovary: female reproductiove organ
Ovule: structure that gives rise to the female reproductive cells
8. Identify the type of gamete cell that pollen is: Pollen is the plant sperm cells
9. Be able to describe the following:
a. How the nervous system and respiratory systems interact to maintain homeostasis
b. Two human body system interactions compared with two plant system interactions
10. Know functions and structures and interactions of the human body systems