Paper Review:
AmI Technology Helps To Sustain
Speed While Merging
A Data Driven Simulation Study on Madrid
Motorway Ring M30
Objectives & Results
To determine whether or not vehicle speed can
be sustained while merging onto a motorway,
leading to more harmonious integration of
merging cars
Simulations showed that with Ambient
Intelligence technology:
1. Increase in road throughput – 14% increase
2. Reduced variance in traffic flow
Outline
I. Motivation
II. Object of Study: The Madrid Motorway
III. Achievement of Traffic Merging
IV. CA-Based Simulation
V. Conclusions
Outline: Motivation
Merges on crowded motorways are a major
influence on traffic fluidity and on road safety
I. Safety rules are disregarded
II. Related work: no general solution for merging
III. Research Hypothesis
I.
To reduce merging delays Ambient Intelligence
(AmI) technology was applied as an assistance
system to help drivers make decisions
Outline: Motivation
Cellular Automata (CA) based simulation model, operating data
driven and continually evaluating lane change possibilities
- Discrete model used in computability theory, mathematics, etc.
Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid
Motorway
M30 Motorway
• Built in 1970
• 32.5km (20.2 miles)
• 300,000 vehicles/day
• 500,000 passengers/day
Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid
Motorway
Intelligent Transport System
(ITS) controls the open air
and buried tunneled roads
2km -segment used for real
traffic flow analysis
• Peak: 7,290 veh/hr
• 87,800 veh/workday
• Traffic shapes repeat each day
• Lower & upper main road: 3
lanes
Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid
Motorway
Outline: Object of Study – The Madrid
Motorway
Outline: Achievement of Traffic
Merging
Real traffic flow analysis:
1. During high traffic situations, driver is highly focused on
safely steering car from ramp onto main road
2. General optimization problem:
•
•
Drivers often keep rightmost lane instead of changing the lane early
Range of visibility: 100’s of meters (normal conditions), shortened in
dense traffic/bad weather
AmI Solution:
1. Vibro-tactile notification integrated into seat
2. Extending range of perception:
1. Inform driver of upcoming merging section
2. Overrule driver’s decision to keep on driving on current lane
Outline: CA-Based Simulation
Data Driven Simulation
• 14% increase in throughput
Control Experiment
• Up to 9% increase in throughput from lower to higher
perception coupled with decreasing inter-car lane changing
distance
Details
Throughput vs inter-car gaps. Range of perception of driver has almost no effect on
throughput for high density traffic
For observed throughput of 5,270 vehicles/hour with average
spacing of 50.94m, simulated throughput was 6,000veh/h with
inter-car spacing of 52.20m
Details
Throughput vs inter-car gaps for artificial traffic at a rate of 6,000veh/h
Generated one of hour constant traffic for upper and lower at a
rate of 3000 veh/h and 6000veh/h. Up to a 9% increase in
throughput
Details
Iner-Car Spacing=50m
Details
Through put at logging
point (L16) for
perception range 100m
over a 10-hour time
period
Iner-Car Spacing=25m
Iner-Car Spacing=10m