Current Funding Streams in New
York State
The 2008 Equity Symposium
Comprehensive Educational Equity:
Overcoming the Socioeconomic Barriers to School Success
November 18, 2008
Lori Connors-Tadros, Ph.D.
The Finance Project
1
Goals of the Presentation
• Share preliminary findings of fiscal mapping study
of resources to support children birth through age
18
• Discuss implications for the goals of the
Campaign for Educational Equity
• Solicit comments and input for further phases of
the study
2
Purpose of the Study
• Help stakeholders better understand how funding is
allocated to programs that serve children and youth
from birth through age 18 in New York state
• The fiscal map:
– Provides a full accounting of federal and state
expenditures on programs aligned with key policy
areas
– Includes an analysis of local education funding
3
Context of Study
• Policy context is favorable – increasing focus
on state and local government coordination
and efficiency
• Fiscal context is challenging – New York
faces increasing budget cuts and significant
downturn in the local economy
4
Research Approach
• State agency contacts identified by the Governor’s
Children’s Cabinet
• Written data collection protocols and surveys
conducted by phone interviews and email
correspondence
• Public data sources, including New York agency
documents and federal funding databases
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Participating Agencies
•
•
•
•
•
•
Office of Education
Department of Health
Office of Children and Family Services
Office of Temporary and Disability Assistance
Office of Mental Health
Department of Labor
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Data Collected
• Programmatic Information:
–
–
–
–
Key services provided
Program goals
Eligibility for accessing services
Population served
• Expenditure Information:
–
–
–
–
–
Total expenditures for children ages birth to 18
FY 07/08 Actual Expenditures
Percentage supported by federal, state, or local education funds
Expenditures for children and youth from low income families
Expenditures by age group -- birth to five; six to 18
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Policy Analysis Framework
•
•
•
•
•
Education and Early Care
Physical Health
Mental Health
Basic Needs, Economic Support, and Child
Safety
Family Support
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Limitations
• Estimating was necessary in many cases for age and
income related analyses
• Some information on state and federal programs was
not available
• Local (except for education) and private data was not
captured
• Policy areas used for analysis are broad, and
assigning programs to policy areas is an imperfect
process
9
Fiscal Mapping Analysis of the
Resources to Support
Children and Youth in New York
Preliminary Findings
10
Overview of Descriptive Analyses
• What are the relevant sources of public sector funding that
support programs and services for New York’s children and
youth?
– Approximately one third of the total New York State
budget serves children birth through 18
– 111 programs expend $61.9 billion for children and
youth
– State and local school aid are major funding sources
– School age children receive proportionately more
funding than preschool children
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New York State Budget
Figure I: Total State & Federal Funds for Children Ages 0-18
as a % of Total NY Budget
32% of Funds allocated
to children 0-18
22%
State Funds $24bil
(Ages 0-18)
NY Total Government
Funds $74.9bil
(Ages 18>)
Federal Funds
$11.1bil
10%
68%
NOTE: NY Total Government Funds for fiscal year-end 2008 was $110bil, per the NY budget office. NY
State & Federal Operating Funds were $77bil and $33bil, respectively.
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Funding by State Agency
State Agency
Total # of Programs
Total Expenditures
($ in millions)
Department of
37
48,254
Department of Health
40
6,729
Department of Labor
2
44
Office of Children and
7
4,006
Education
Family Services
Office of Mental Health
17
Office of Temporary
8
520
2,316
and Disability
Assistance
TOTAL
111
$61,870
Note: Head Start funding and Local Education Revenues are classified under Dept of Education for this chart.
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Types of Funding
Figure II: T otal Funding for Children by Funding T ype
(FY07/08)
T otal = $61.9 billion
18%
43%
Federal Funds
$11.1bil
Local Funds
$26.8bil
State Funds
$24bil
39%
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Major Funding Sources
Figure III: Total Funding By Major Funding Source (FY 07/08)
Total =$61.9 billion
39%
Local School Aid
$24.3bil
State School Aid
$19.6bil
Other Sources
$18bil
32%
29%
Note: Local school aid is school year 2006/07; State School Aid is for FY 07/08
Major Other Sources
Medicaid ($5.9 billion)
Title I ($1.3 billion)
Food Stamps ($1.2 billion)
TANF ($786 million) 15
CCDBG ($314 million)
Funding by Age Group
Figure IV: Total Funding for Children by Age Group
Total = $61.9 billion
15%
Children 0-5:
$9.1bil
Children 6-18:
$52.8bil
85%
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Per Child Expenditures by Age Group
• Average per child expenditures by age:
• 0 to 5
• 6 to 18
• 0 to 18
$6,332
$16,109
$13,141
17
Funding by Income
Figure V: Total Funding for Children by Income Level
(FY07/08)
Total=$61.9billion
43%
All Other
Children:
Above 200% of
Poverty
Low Income
Children:
Below 200% of
Poverty
57%
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Per Child Expenditures for Children from Low
Income Families
• Average per child expenditure by family
income:
• Low Income Children
• All Other Children
$16,545
$10,274
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Overview of Policy Area Analyses
How do fiscal resources align with key policy areas related to
educational equity?
– 111 total programs administered across all policy areas
– Education and Early Care, Physical Health, and Basic Needs
policy areas account for 98% of resources
• Policy Areas:
–
–
–
–
–
Education and Early Care
Physical Health
Mental Health
Family Support
Basic Needs
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TOP FIVE PROGRAMS BY POLICY AREA
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Overall Expenditures by Policy Area
Figure VI: Total Expenditures by Policy Area
Total= $61.9billion (FY07/08)
Family
Support
0.06%
10%
Mental
Health
1%
11%
Physical
Health
$6bil $6.7
bil
Education/Early Care
$48.66bil
Basic Needs
78%
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State Funding by Policy Area
Figure VII: State Funding for Children by Policy Area
Total=$24bil
86%
90%
80%
70%
Education & Early
Care
Physical Health
60%
50%
Basic Needs
40%
Family Support
30%
20%
Mental Health
8%
7%
0.1%
10%
0%
0%
Policy- Areas
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Federal Funding by Policy Area
Figure VIII: Federal Funding for Children by Policy Area
Total=$11.1bil
34%
35%
33%
30%
30%
25%
Education & Early Care
Physical Health
20%
Basic Needs
Mental Health
15%
Family Support
10%
3%
5%
0.0%
0%
Policy Areas
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Funding Source by Policy Area
Figure IX: Goal Area Funding Mix Allocation
($ rounded in millions)
100%
$3,781
$5
90%
80%
$3,634
$3,355
$20,455
70%
$388
60%
Federal
State
$32
Local
50%
40%
30%
$1,794
$1,557
$24,460
20%
10%
$1,314
$1,042
$88
0%
Physical
Health
Education /
Early Care
Mental
Health
Family
Support
Basic
Needs
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Funding by Age and Policy Area
FigureX: Total Funding for Each Group by Policy Area
Total=$9bil
Total=$52.8
bil
100%
90%
80%
Family Support
70%
Basic Needs
60%
Mental Health
50%
Education & Early
Care
Physical Health
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Ages 0-5
Ages 6-18
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Funding by Income and Policy Area
Figure XII: Percent of Funding to Low Income Children within
each Policy Area
2%
.4%
100%
90%
80%
27%
98%
70%
29%
99.6%
52%
73%
60%
71%
50%
Non Low-income
Children Funding
40%
48%
30%
20%
Low Income
Children Funding
10%
0%
Physical
Health
Mental
Health
Basic
Needs
Family Education
Support
/ Early
Care
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Selected Implications of Findings
• Much of the funding comes from state and local resources–
but this funding is often unstable. Are there opportunities
to increase contribution of federal resources?
• Funding for family support and mental health services are
disproportionately lower than resources for other key
policy areas. Are there opportunities to maximize
services and/or increase resources in these areas,
particularly for children and youth from low-income
families?
• Funding to children birth to five is proportionately lower
than funding to school age children. Is New York underinvesting in these cost-effective services?
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Questions for Further Research
Further research could help answer the following:
• How do private foundations contribute to the
funding mix of service delivery in localities?
• How do local funds, other than education,
contribute to a full accounting of fiscal resources
for children and youth?
• How effective are current funding strategies -- is
funding diverse, flexible, stable, and being
maximized to support long-term goals?
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In Summary
• The NY funding map and analysis provides
a good picture of the current public funding
sources supporting services for children and
youth.
• It suggests important next steps to develop a
strategic financing approach for the
Comprehensive Educational Equity Project.
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The Finance Project
Our mission is :
• To support decision-making that produces and
sustains good results for children, families and
communities. The Finance Project develops and
disseminates research, information, tools and
technical assistance for improved policies,
programs and financing strategies
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