Higher Human
Biology
UNIT 3
NEUROBIOLOGY & COMMUNICATION
HOMEWORK BOOKLET
Higher Human Biology (CfE)
Homework – Nervous System
1. Name the two components of the Central Nervous System (1)
2. Explain briefly the divisions of the peripheral nervous system
with regards to their separate functions. (2)
3. Which branch of the peripheral nervous system can be further
divided into sympathetic or parasympathetic? (1)
4. State whether the following would result from increased
impulses from the sympathetic (S) or Parasympathetic (P) by
using the letters S or P. (4)
a. Decreased rate of peristalsis
b. Increased production of intestinal secretions
c. Decrease in cardiac output
d. Increase in adrenal production
5. State 2 functions of the limbic system (1)
6. State 2 of the hormones released by the pituitary gland (1)
C
A
7. Name parts A – D (4)
D
B
8. State the name of the connection between the two
hemispheres of the cerebrum (1)
9. What two techniques have allowed scientists to develop a
greater understanding of what the different sections of the
brain are responsible for? (2)
10.
(2)
TOTAL - 19
Higher Human Biology (CfE)
Homework – Perception
1. Copy and complete the following paragraph
The sense of perception allows us to distinguish: The
segregations of objects from one _________________ and
from their __________________, the __________________
of an object from ourselves and the ability to
_________________ different objects. (4)
2. What type of organisation within the brain is this logo cleverly
making use of in its advertising (1)
3. In your own words explain how the brain can tell that this
road is extending far on into the distance:
(2)
4. With the aid of a diagram explain how superimposition gives
us an impression of how one object is closer than another.
(2)
5. Explain why the brain would perceive the rock on the right
hand side of the picture below to be the furthest away (1)
6. What is the most important feature of an object to allow us to
recognise it? (1)
7. Explain the term ‘perceptual set’ (1)
TOTAL - 12
Higher Human Biology (CfE)
Homework – Memory
1. Using an example of your own choosing, explain the
difference between visual and audio encoding of information
to memory. (2)
2. There are thought to be several levels of memory. Explain
what is meant by the following in relation to these levels:
a. Sensory memory (1)
b. Encoding (1)
c. Rehearsal (1)
3. Explain one way the number 01506282300 could be made
easier to commit to memory. (2)
4. a) Using the graph below to help you, explain why we tend to
remember the beginning and end of large amounts of
information but forget the information in the middle (2)
b) Assuming the above experiment was based on a list of 20
random pictures of objects, how could the information be
altered to make it easier to remember the items in the
middle? (1)
5. What is the difference between shallow encoding of
information and elaborative encoding of information? (2)
6. What is a contextual cue? (1)
7. What type of memory are the following examples of:
a. Knowing Paris is the capital of France (1)
b. The corpus collosum is part of the brain (1)
c. How to oil a bike chain (1)
d. The feeling you had on the day a loved one died (1)
e. How to carry complete a sodoku (1)
8. Describe the main structure associated with the limbic system
and name the types of memories associated with the limbic
system. (2)
TOTAL – 20
Higher Human Biology (CfE)
Homework – Cells of the Nervous System
1. From the above diagram name parts A, B, C and D
(2)
2. Explain the importance of Myelin Sheaths in nerve function
(1)
3. What type of cells would you expect to find next to the axon
terminal bundle if this were a motor neurone?
(1)
4. State two functions of Glial cells in the nervous system. (2)
5. a) What crosses a synapse to continue a nerve impulse? (1)
b) State one way in which this substance is removed to
prevent continuous nerve impulses (1)
6. Why do weak signals such as the low level sound of the fan on
a computer eventually get blocked out? (1)
7. Explain using a diagram how a converging pathway can
increase the chance of a neurone reaching threshold. (2)
8. What is the diagram below illustrating and give an example of
where such a neural pathway may be used. (2)
TOTAL – 13
Higher Human Biology (CfE)
Homework – Neurotransmitters, Mood and Behaviour
1. State the role of the following hormones / neurotransmitters
within the brain:
a) Endorphins
b) Dopamine
(2)
2. Give two possible effects of increased levels of endorphins on
an individuals behaviour. (1)
3. Outline the steps involved in the reward pathway. (3)
A
B
4. In the diagrams above the molecule furthest left in both cases
is a normal neurotransmitter:
a. Which of the two diagrams shows the action of an
antagonist drug? (1)
b. Explain why diagram A is most likely to be the effective
of a drug which stimulates the reward pathway? (1)
c. Explain why diagram B is most likely to represent the
action of a painkiller drug (1)
5. How does alcohol effect neural pathways in the brain? (2)
6. The repeated use of drugs can lead to receptors in neural
pathways being reduced in number. What is this effect known
as? (1)
7. Which type of drugs cause drug ‘sensitisation’ and what does
this process involve? (2)
TOTAL – 14
Higher Human Biology (CfE)
Homework – Communication and Social Behaviour
1. How does a babies attachment change after 6 – 7 months
old? (1)
2. Which study is carried out to determine the level of
attachment between infants and their parents? (1)
3. What is socialisation? (1)
4. Explain using two examples the difference between an
authoritarian style of parenting and an authoritative style of
parenting. (2)
5. What has been the major advantage of humans developing
language in terms of our social progress (1)
6. Give one example of non-verbal communication between
mothers and infants (1)
7. State three types of non verbal communication between
adults and for each type explain how a person would convey
feelings of anger using that type of non-verbal
communication. (3)
8. Which type of learning would best allow:
a. A baby to correctly fit a shaped block into a shaped hole
(1)
b. A musician to learn a new song (1)
c. A young actor to portray a famous performance (1)
9. Describe the process of shaping. (1)
10.
Read the following two statements:
a. A boy is chased by a black dog and in later life develops
a fear of all dogs
b. A girl dislikes the taste of strawberries but accepts the
opportunity to try a range of other fruits. She decides
that she quite likes raspberries and blueberries but will
still not try more strawberries
Which of the two statements best describes discrimination and
why? (2)
11.
An athlete performs a consistent 13 seconds in a 100m
sprint when he is practicing but in the final race he achieves a
time of 12.4 seconds. His best yet. Give a reason for his
improved performance in the race. (1)
12.
Why do people behave differently as part of a crowd and
take greater risks that they would not in a smaller social
group? (1)
13.
State which effects adverts A and B are designed to
trigger in individuals. (2)
A
B
TOTAL – 20 marks