Success is a matter of choice.
Choose to be successful!
Coaching: The Art and Science
Reflections on Coaching
 What is a “coach”?
 What does it mean to you ?
 Why do I want to coach?
 Different reasons, different motivating
factors.
 Understanding these factors important
to determining how sport is approached.
(Coach Workbook page 3, 2.1 and 2.2)
Why do I Coach?
- Contribute to overall growth of people.
– Have a good time when coaching.
– Makes me feel good.
– I like the power.
– I like the recognition.
– Like to stay active in sport.
– Give back to system that I benefited from.
– Set an example to my family of leadership and
charitable acts
Approaches to Coaching
Questionnaire
assign 3 to most preferred,
1 to least preferred and
2 to remainder.
Self
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
b
a
c
c
b
b
a
Task
a
b
b
a
a
a
b
Social
c
c
a
b
c
c
c
Approaches to Coaching
Self Approach




Wants to be a winning coach
Interested in personal recognition and
fulfilling their own needs
Success is a function of great coaching,
losses due to poor athletes
“you’ve let me down”, “how could you
embarrass me?”
Approaches to Coaching
Task Approach
– Wants to achieve team goals
– Strives to be effective in teaching skills
and to be knowledgeable about the
game
– Focus on playing sport well and
overcoming barriers preventing success
Approaches to Coaching
Social Approach
– Concerned with forming friendships,
sharing and the security of
belonging
– Emphasizes having fun and
working co-operatively
– Easy to talk to, always friendly and
enjoys being with the athletes
Approaches to Coaching
NCCP Survey
– What approach do most coaches take?
•
•
Most volunteer coaches task oriented
Energy aimed at attaining team’s goals
– Most important goal is?
•
•
Socialization through sport participation
Physical, psychological and social development
of youngsters
Approaches to Coaching
Outcomes
Socialization
1.
2.
3.
a
b
a
Fun
Winning
b
c
b
c
a
c
Why Athletes Participate
•
•
•
Groups of 4
Task to be competed in 5 minutes!
List the “different” reasons why athletes
participate in sport.
–
–
•
•
Workbook Part A – page 4 3.1
List on blackboard (selected groups)
Longest list “wins”!
Best list matching Ewing & Seefeldt (1991)
Why Athletes Participate
#1 Fun
as defined by Stephen Danish, 1992
“skill = challenge”
skill > challenge
boredom
skill < challenge
frustration
Why Athletes Participate
2.
3.
4.
5.
Improve skills
Stay in shape
To be good at something
Excitement
Why Athletes Participate
6. Exercise
7. To be part of a team
8. For the challenge
9. Learn new skills
10. To win
Why Athletes Participate
NCCP – four main categories
1.
Achievement
2.
Affiliation
3.
Sensation
4.
Self Direction, Independence
Achievement
Wish to improve, master new skills,
pursue excellence
Achievement oriented situations
- performance evaluation against standard
- risk involved to achieve success
- outcome skill dependent not chance
Achievement
Coaching Tips




Have a multitude of objective
measures
Set realistic goals and progressively
increase
Point out individual improvement –
objectify
Competitions with suitable
opponents
Affiliation
A desire to have positive and friendly
relations with others
Affiliation oriented athletes
- enjoy being with friends
- like to get along well with teammates
- feel it’s important to be accepted by team
Strongest and most common motive for
continued sports participation
Affiliation
Coaching Tips
Provide opportunities for social gatherings
- team parties
Regular rap sessions after practice
Encourage athletes to help one another
Promote view each athlete is valued
Initiations?
Sensation
A desire to experience the sights, sounds
and physical feelings surrounding a
sport or the excitement in a sport
Sensation oriented athletes
- enjoy sensory stimulation of the sport
setting
- enjoy physical sensations of activity
Sensation
Coaching Tips
•
•
•
•
Keep athletes active
Vary workouts – change
the normal routine
Warm up to music
Set up close games and
interesting challenges
Self Direction, Independence
A wish to feel a sense of control,
to feel in charge
Self-direction oriented athletes
- like to have a sense of personal control
over outcomes
- like to be treated in a responsible way
and feel some responsibility for
their own actions
Self Direction, Independence
Coaching Tips
•
•
Put participants in position of
leadership
- lead warm up, “player’s” drills
Allow athletes to make own tactical
decisions
Expectations
What expectations do you think
parents, athletes and associated
sports personnel have of you as a
coach?
Would you be able to fulfill their
expectations?
Workbook page 5 4.1
Parental Expectations of
Coaches
1. Make sport enjoyable
2. Respect children as
individuals
3. Be a knowledgeable
leader
4. Be safety-conscious
5. Act in a mature and
adult manner
6. Be fair
1. Respect rules and
officials
2. Equal playing time
opportunities
3. Plan activities
effectively
4. Be approachable
5. Strive to win
Expectations
What expectations do you think parents
have of sport?
Workbook page 5 4.1
Parental Expectations of Sport
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Build self esteem
Have fun
Develop skills
Increase fitness
Make new friends
1. Other
2. Have professional
career
3. Play on winning team
4. Win awards
5. Olympic involvement
Parents and the Coach
• Privately and publicly critiquing you
• When involved think they have voice in decisions of
your program
• Parents want best for their child
• Focus on final outcome not process
• Why include parents in program?
–
–
–
–
They are child’s first teachers
Want to be involved in child’s activities
Help with off court necessities
Including others adds strength