Demand Creation and Supply Chain
Development for Rural Sanitation in Hoa Binh
Province, Vietnam:
Post-Intervention Rapid Assessment
Presenter: Claire Chase, Economist, The World Bank
Team: Maria Quattri, Hang Diem Nguyen, Minh Thi Hien Nguyen
Partners: Ministry of Health, Vietnam Health Environment Management
Agency (VIHEMA) and the Center for Preventive Medicine of Hoa Binh
province
www.wsp.org | www.worldbank.org/water | www.blogs.worldbank.org/water |
@WorldBankWater
Background
1
Source: JMP 2015
Background
National Target Program for
Rural Water Supply and
Sanitation (RWSS-NTP)
NTP3 (2012 – 2015)
- Dedicated sub-project
on rural sanitation led by
MoH
- Less focus on latrine
subsidies
- Funding for behavior
change communication,
demand creation and
supply chain
development
 Priority on poor households, remote areas, ethnic minority areas and […]
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water-scarce areas
Hoa Binh Province – A ‘learning
hub’ for NTP3
Formative Research (2014).
Aimed to (i) understand barriers and
motivations of rural men and women
to acquire hygienic sanitation (ii)
identify supply chain actors for
materials and services (iii) identify
business models for sanitation
delivery (iv) assess policy, regulatory,
and institutional environment
Sanitation Campaign Development.
Developed concept, visuals,
messages and interpersonal
communication tools for frontline
motivators
Campaign rollout by Hoa Binh
Government 2015.
Across 9 communes of Kim Boi and
3
Mai Chau Districts.
Background
Behavior Change Communication
Campaign
Emotional messaging and participatory style.
Benefits of sanitation to community and
family. Act in solidarity for sake of children’s
health and for respect by community.
Face-to-Face Household visits. Introduction,
registration, reminder, follow-up to check
quality
Village meetings. Introduction of OSS, loan
options from VBSP, latrine technologies
Sanitation festival. Role play, cultural
performances, rewards, introduction to OSS
and demonstration of concrete ring
installation
4
Loudspeaker. To broadcast sanitation
messages
Supply Chain Strengthening
Background
SANCON (Sanitation Convenience Shop)
One-stop-shop (OSS) business model allowing
customers to get information on latrine types,
prices and O&M requirements, purchase
materials, arrange for delivery, and installation by
trained mason.
Support to OSS Business Model:
 Selection and establishment. Priority on
existing sanitation related businesses with
access to good road infrastructure and raw
materials
 Sales and network development. Identifying
sales agents and masons.
 Network capacity building. Training on hard
and soft business / marketing skills.
 Financing options
 Provision of promotional material.
Develop latrine technology. Concrete rings for
septic tank, rather than clay or cement bricks,
reduces cost by 50% (USD 168 to USD 87 per
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latrine)
for the same size of sub- and midstructure
Objectives of rapid assessment
 Estimate impact of BCC and OSS interventions in increasing
coverage of hygienic sanitation
 Evaluate the effectiveness of BCC and OSS and solicit feedback
from different stakeholders:

Beneficiaries: Information, exposure to campaign, affordability of
options, feedback

Motivators: feedback on tools and interventions

OSS: support received, feedback on approach, sustainability
 Evaluate the sustainability and replicability of the sanitation
promotion approach to similar contexts characterized by limited
budget and capacity on the ground
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Quantitative & Qualitative Methodology
 Pre- and post-intervention measurement of outcomes using:
(1) Baseline ‘formative’ research
(2) Post-intervention household survey in 801 randomly selected
households across half of all villages in 9 communes
(3) National Target Program (NTP) monitoring data
 Qualitative interviews with beneficiaries, consumers, leaders and
implementers
February 2014
January 2015
July 2015
December
2015
Intervention
Postintervention
survey
Baseline
Formative
Research
 Campaign strategy
development, tools,
implementation plan
 Traditional IEC
intervention
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 OSS
identification,
development
and training
 Training of
trainers and
motivators
 Sales Agent
training
 BCC intervention
rollout
 Cont. OSS
development
Results: Coverage of hygienic latrines
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Results: Coverage of hygienic latrines
Business as
usual
Full
Intervention
10
Results: Coverage and Access to
hygienic latrines
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Results: Effectiveness of BCC intervention
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Results: Effectiveness of SANCON –
Supply Chain Strengthening
• 10 SANCON shops set up in 2015 – 9 are still operating as of March 2016
• 43.3% of surveyed households were aware of SANCON
• HH did not necessarily use SANCON services to build their toilet in 2015: 21.4%
in Mai Chau and 13.1% in Kim Boi (17.1% overall)
• Households reported using SANCON for purchase of materials, latrines, and
some transport and advice
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Conclusion and Recommendations
 In an environment of historical hardware subsidies and large ethnic
minority population a BCC and supply chain development intervention
accelerated coverage to hygienic sanitation
 Different outcomes driven by different starting points and local
context
 Ability to locally adapt intervention to baseline context – not a ‘one
size fits all’ approach was one enabling factor
 Barriers faced introducing new concrete ring technology -- may
require more aggressive marketing
 Too soon to know whether SANCONs will be sustained or are an
integral solution
 Small scale pilot with large scale replication potential – 21 provinces in
NMCH with similar poverty and ethnic minority populations
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THANK YOU
Claire Chase
[email protected]
www.wsp.org | www.worldbank.org/water | www.blogs.worldbank.org/water |
@WorldBankWater