Theory & Practice:
An Ecological Analysis
Cathie Norris & Elliot Soloway
U of North Texas
GoKnow, Inc.
U of Michigan
GoKnow, Inc.
Today’s Story
Goal:


Challenge:



Make A Real Impact
Need to work on many
issues…. At once
Ecological Analysis
Has Tech Changed Education?
In K-12: NO
Why?
No Access, No Use, No Impact
2001-2002
Computers
Internet
6:1
Iffy
2006-2007 5:1
Iffy
Has Tech Changed Education?
In K-12: NO
Why?
Because… No Access
No Access, No Use, No Impact
Prognosis: Abysmal
Computers
Internet
2001-2002
6:1
Iffy
2006-2007
5:1
Iffy
2011-2012
4:1
Iffy
Current Tech is
NOT the Future !!
Solution:
Low-cost devices = Access
More Complicated !!
One Laptop Per Child - $100/laptop
HOW Complicated?
Technology
Education
Social Organization
Hardware, Software
Learning, Teaching
School, Classroom
Business
Sales, Marketing, Finance
Complex Ecosystem
Complex Ecosystem
PAAM for Teachers
Handheld
Lessons
Support
Tool Suite For
Students
Professional
Development
Plan

Ecological Analysis


History
Future
Technology
Hardware, Software
Education
Learning, Teaching
Social Organization
School, Classroom
Business
Sales, Marketing, Finance
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory: Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
“Operating System for Learners”
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory: Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
“Task-appropriate navigation”
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory: Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
“Stop ‘paying’ for excess functionality”
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
Facilitate
Learning
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Facilitate
Learning
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Facilitate
Learning
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
“Constructing MLR & multiple media
are keys for learning”
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Facilitate
Learning
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Facilitate
Learning
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
“Small feature – used over and over and over….”
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
Facilitate
Learning
Motivate
Students
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
Recognition
www.goknow.com/sketchycontest
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Motivate
Students
Recognition
www.goknow.com/sketchycontest
Vignette:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Motivate
Students
Recognition
www.goknow.com/sketchycontest
“Next step: Web 2.0 version”
Vignette Summary:
Software + Learning
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Simple
Self-contained Environment
Integrated Tool Suite
Task-appropriate functionality
Facilitate
Learning
Motivate
Students
Multiple-Linked
Representations
Projects
Scaffolding
PiCoMap
Recognition
www.goknow.com/sketchycontest
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Support Management
Tool Suite + PAAM
Curriculum
Use Existing Curriculum
Projects
Instruction
Support Collaborative Learning
Instructional Strategies
Support Interdisciplinary Projects
Remix
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Support
Management
Tool Suite + PAAM
Handheld-Centric Classroom
How Does 1 Teacher Manage 30 Devices?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
HOW…
collect assignments?
individualize assignments?
backup?
update software?
integrate into curriculum?
communicate with families?
communicate with administrators?
Handheld-Centric Classroom
How Does 1 Teacher Manage 30 Devices?
PAAM for Teachers:
Learning Management System
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Support
Management
Tool Suite + PAAM
“iPod + iTunes”
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Curriculum
Use Existing
Curriculum
Projects
GoKnow’s
Handheld Learning Environment
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Curriculum
Use Existing
Curriculum
Projects
“Evolution, Not Revolution”
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Instruction
Support Collaborative
Learning
Instructional Strategies
Support Collaborative Learning
• Use Instructional Strategies
– Divide & Conquer
Instructional Strategy:
Divide & Conquer
Student 1
Student 2
Support Collaborative Learning
• Use Instructional Strategies
– Divide & Conquer
– Many Hands – Synchronous Communications
Instructional Strategy:
Many Hands
ETS’ Discourse
Support Collaborative Learning
• Use Instructional Strategies
– Divide & Conquer
– Many Hands
– Swivel & Beam
Instructional Strategy:
Swivel & Beam
Peer Editing
Cooties: Participatory Simulation
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Instruction
Support Collaborative
Learning
Instructional Strategies
“Instructional strategies for collaborative learning
leverage affordances”
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Instruction
Support Interdisciplinary Projects
Remix
Instructional Strategy:
Remix
Vignette:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Instruction
Support Interdisciplinary Projects
Remix
“Revisit + Reuse = Remix”
Vignette Summary:
Software + Hardware + Teaching
Issue:
Theory:
Practice:
Usability
Support Management
Tool Suite + PAAM
Curriculum
Use Existing Curriculum
Projects
Instruction
Support Collaborative Learning
Instructional Strategies
Support Interdisciplinary Projects
Remix
What’s Next?
Disruptive Technologies
Exponential Growth
90
80
70
Number of CPU Core
60
50
2011- 80 cores
40
TODAY- 2 cores
30
20
10
0
1995
2006
2007
2008
Year
2009
2010
2011
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
Disruptive Technologies
90
80
70
Number of CPU Core
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1995
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Year
Access –
Low Cost
Motivating Media
Interactive
Highly Functional
What’s Next?
Disruptive Events
HOW Complicated?
Technology
Education
Social Organization
Hardware, Software
Learning, Teaching
School, Classroom
Business
Sales, Marketing, Finance
VERY, VERY
Complex Ecosystem
WHY?
It’s the only battle worth fighting