Chapter 6
Theoretical Basis for the
Practice of Nursing
The Metaparadigm of Nursing
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•
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Person
Health
Nursing
Environment
Theory
• Method of analyzing facts and finding the
relationships that the latter have to one another
• Hypothesis or educated guess
• Set of principles linked to a perspective
Nursing Theories
• Concepts, propositions, and laws, communicated as
nursing values and practice
History of Nursing Theory
Development
• 1952–Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal
Relationships
– Nursing established as a scientific discipline with unique
characteristics
• 1970s
• 1980s and Fawcett’s work
Levels and Types of Theories
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•
•
•
Metaparadigm
Grand
Middle-range
Practice
Four Early Theorists
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•
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Florence Nightingale
Hildegard Peplau
Martha Rogers
Callista Roy
Review Table 6-1
Theory and Practice:
How do they Relate?
• How can using theories improve the quality of nursing?
• Are nursing-specific theories needed?
• Advantages to having nursing theories?
– Are there disadvantages?
Process of
Knowledge Development