Dichiarazione di Messina 2.0:
La via italiana all’Accesso Aperto
Università degli Studi di Messina
3-4 Novembre 2014
Scientific and Technological Challenges
towards Open Access to any Research
Outcome
Paolo Manghi
Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie
dell’Informazione, CNR - Pisa
Modern Scholarly Communication
Research Infrastructures go beyond literature
Research
Infra
Literature publishing
Institutional, thematic repositories
Publisher Journal repositories
experiment
Research
Infra
Dataset publishing
Data repositories
experiment
Experiment publishing
software
service
Web-driven: immediate
sharing and access to
digital knowledge
Data-driven: Jim
Gray’s fourth
paradigm
Modern Scholarly Communication
Publishing beyond literature
Literature
(articles)
Research
activity
Datasets
Comprehensive
scientific reward by
citation of any research
outcome
Improved
understanding of
research outcome
Better research reviewprocess [repeatability,
replicability, and
reproducibility of
experiments - Goble,
2009]
Effective dissemination
and re-use of valuable
research assets
Experiments
Lower costs of science
Open Access to any Research Outcome
OpenScience is good!
“Open access can be defined as the practice of providing
on-line access to scientific information that is free of
charge to the end-user and that is re-usable”
Equal opportunities
despite of funding
availability
Reduction of the
overall cost for taxpayers [Houghton
et al., 2009]
Higher citation rates
[Swan, 2010]
[Wagner, 2010],
[Opcit Project, 2012]
Increase in scientific
performance
[Willinsky, 2005]
Engagement of nonscientific public
[Swan, 2010]
Open Access to any Research Outcome
Requirements
“…online access […] and that is re-usable”
Implementing scholarly communication
workflows (peer-review, deposit,
discovery, citation on the Web)
“…is free of charge to the end-user…”
Business models, strategies,
mandates in order to remove
access limitations
Open Access to any Research Outcome
Requirements
Open Access to any Research Outcome
Status
Literature publishing has
well-established crossdiscipline scholarly
communication
workflows
Experiment publishing
does not have scholarly
communication
workflows
Dataset publishing has
discipline-specific
scholarly communication
workflows
Scholarly Communication Workflows and
Open Access to Literature
Peer-review and online deposition
• Journal/conference practices: single-blind,
double-blind
• Self-archiving, institutional/thematic/journal
repositories
Discovery and citation
• Google Scholar, DBLP, Web of Science, DOAJ,
OpenAIRE, etc.
• DOIs, bibliographic metadata formats
Access rights
• Copyrighted, open access, embargo
Open Access [EC OA
mandate, UK-ESRC]
Scholarly Communication Workflows and
Open Access to Datasets
Peer-review and online deposition
• Machine enabled, manual, or absent
• Self-archiving, data archives at data centers
(DRYAD, GigaScience, Figshare, OpenAIRE
Zenodo, etc.); associated to literature deposition
Discovery and citation
• Data Cite Service, Thematic data archives
• DOIs, accession numbers, DataCite, Dataverse,
proprietary formats
Access rights
• Copyrighted, open access, embargo, restricted,
etc.
Investigations on standard
publishing workflows [RDA]
Datasets are still into
“drawers”: cultural barriers
(e.g. “fear to lose control”),
cost of data management
[Open Data, EC Data Pilot,
Force11]
Investigations on metadata
for citation and re-use [RDA,
Force11]
Open Access [Open Data,
EC Data Pilot, UK-ESRC],
Scholarly Communication Workflows and
Open Access to Experiments
Peer-review and online deposition
• No peer-review practices
• Initial experiment deposition practices
(MyExperiment.org)
Discovery and citation
• No citation practices
Access rights
• No practices for experiments
Investigations with new
forms of publications,
digital representations of
experiments [Executable
papers, wf4ever]
Investigations with new
forms of publications,
metadata for citation and
re-use
Not yet considered an issue
Open Access to datasets and experiments
New forms of publications
Contextualizing research assets to a traditional article
• Exploiting well-established scholarly communication workflows for
literature to make research assets citable and re-usable
Dedicated journals
• Data journals
Compound Objects
• [Executable papers] [Research Objects] [Article of the future
(Elsevier)][NARCIS ePubs] [Bardi, 2014]
Data journals and data (& software)
publishing
Scholarly Communication Workflows for literature
+ data deposition policies
Research
Infra
Literature
Repositories
Data Journal
Repository
Dataset
Repositories
Compound Objects
Scholarly Communication Workflows for literature
+ interlinking and contextualizing
Research
Infra
Compound
Objects
Repository
RelevantResource
Web
resources
Author ID
Dataset
Experiment
Article
Author ID
registries
Dataset
Repositories
InputData
Experiment/Soft
ware
Repositories
Literature
Repositories
Open Access to datasets and experiments
New trends
Abandoning traditional publishing models
• Devising scholarly communication workflows addressing the peculiarities
of research products different from literature
Publishing workflows within research
infrastructures
• Science 2.0 Repositories
Publishing workflows as ecosystems of research
infrastructures
• Scholarly Communication infrastructures
New trends: Science 2.0 Repositories
Research
Infra
“Hot”
datasets
and experiments
SciRepo
RelevantResource
Author ID
Experiment
Article
Literature
Repositories
Web
resources
Dataset
Dataset
Repositories
Author ID
registries
InputData
Experiment/Soft
ware
Repositories
New trends: Scholarly Communication
Infrastructures
Research
Infra
Research
Infra
Literature
Repositories
Scholarly Comm.
Infra
• Integration (re-use)
of services and
content
• Supporting new
services
Dataset
Repositories
Web
resources
Author ID
registries
Experiment/Soft
ware
Repositories
Open Access to any Research Outcome
Scientific and Technological Challenges
Defining scholarly
communication
workflows for datasets
and experiments
New forms of
publications
• Digital representations and metadata
• Target: Discipline/cross-discipline, type of
research outcome
• Compound Objects
• Dedicated journals, e.g. software
SciRepos: embedding
workflows into research
infrastructures
• Embedding publishing workflows in
research lifecycle
Scholarly communication
infrastructures [Castelli,
2013]
• Building ecosystems of research
infrastructures to enable construction of
workflows
Dumanne?
Riferimenti:
• Post in ROARS: sfide verso l’accesso aperto a tutti I
prodotti della ricerca
• OpenAIRE project: http://www.openaire.eu