FOLLOW THESE
DIRECTIONS:
1. Pick up grammar notes from my green
stool.
2. Write down your homework in your
assignment book.
UNIT 3: PHRASES
Lesson #1
WHAT IS A PHRASE?
 A group of words
 Acts as a single part of speech
• Example: an infinitive phrase acts as a noun, adjective, or adverb.
 Does not contain both a verb and its subject
 Types: verb phrase, prepositional phrase, infinitive phrase
• I would like to choose my own book.
verb phrase infinitive phrase
• His book was written for teenagers.
verb phrase
prepositional phrase
• During the school day, I will read my book.
Prepositional phrase
verb phrase
VERB PHRASES
R E V I E W:
WHAT IS A VERB PHRASE?
 A group of verbs that act as one VERB
 Verb Phrase = Helping verb + Main Verb
• Main verb – action or linking
• Helping verbs - they "help" the main verb.
• The main verb together with one or more helping verbs
make up a verb phrase.
Example:
 The students will read a non-fiction book.
HV MV
APPLICATION
 Write TWO sentences about
this image.
• One sentence needs to
contain a verb phrase in the
future perfect tense.
• One sentence needs to
contain an infinitive phrase.
 Underline your phrases.
PREPOSITIONS AND
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES
WHAT IS A PREPOSITION?
 A part of speech.
 Words that RELATE a noun or pronoun to some other word in a
sentence
 COMMONLY USED PREPOSITIONS:
about
above
between
by
like
since
across
during
near
among
for
of
through
around
from
off
to
at
into
on
upon
out
with
PREPOSITIONS CHANGE THE
R E L A T I O N S H I P B E T W E E N T WO
WO R D S I N A S E N T E N C E … .
E x a m p l e : swa m ( v e r b ) a n d r a f t ( o b j e c t )
I swam to the raft.
I swam under the raft.
I swam around the raft.
I swam near the raft.
I swam from the raft.
I swam past the raft.
WHAT IS A
P R E P O S I T I O NA L P H R A S E ?
 A GROUP of words beginning with a preposition and ending with a noun or
pronoun
 A prepositional phrase acts as an adverb or an adjective.
 It RELATES to some other word in the sentence, like the subject or predicate.
 Includes a preposition, the object of the preposition, and any modifiers of
that object
 EXAMPLES:
* to the PG-rated movie
* to her
* for the silly children
* for my mommy
* for them
SMARTY PANTS:
Write a sentence that uses the prepositional phrase
“under the bridge” to modify an action verb in the
sentence.
COMPOUND PREPOSITION
 Compound = two or more
 Preposition that consists of two or more prepositions
 Commonly used compound prepositions:
-according to
-instead of
-in addition to
-in front of
-next to
-on account of
-in place of
-along with
-apart from
-out of
-because of
-as of
-in spite of
APPLICATION
 Where is Snoopy in relation
to his dog house?
 Write THREE sentences
using prepositional phrases.
 Make one sentence include a
compound preposition.
APPLICATION
On the roof, Snoopy daydreams.
Snoopy lounges above his
doghouse.
Snoopy naps out of his home.
OBJECT OF A
PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
VS . DIRECT OBJECTS
R E V I E W: S E N T E N C E PAT T E R N S
I gave her some paper.
S AV IO
DO
I gave some paper to her.
S AV
DO
PP
S E N T E N C E PAT T E R N S
Remove the prepositional phrase so the sentence
follows S+V+IO+DO.
I threw the football to him.
I threw him the football.
The chef baked a pie for me.
The chef baked me a pie.
R E M OV E T H E P R E P O S I T I O N A L
PHRASE SO THE SENTENCE
F O L L O W S S + V + I O + D O.
Can you just give the answer to me?
Can you just give me the answer?
Please show the new puppies to that family.
Please show that family the new puppies.
Mom threw a birthday party for her favorite child.
Mom threw her favorite child a birthday party.
SMARTY PANTS:
 Write a sentence using the S+V+IO+DO pattern.
 Rewrite this same sentence using a prepositional phrase instead of
indirect object.
F I N D E X A M P L E S I N YO U R B O O K .
S+V+DO+PP
S+V+IO+DO
 1.
 1.
 2.
 2.
 3.
 3.