CH 3-4 Exam. DO NOT WRITE ON EXAM!
This is a class set. Fill out your answers on the answer-sheet provided.
Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1. In the election of 1848, the major parties were forced to take a stand on slavery because of
A the rise of the Republican Party.
C the rise of the American Party.
B the rise of the Free-Soil Party.
D the rise of the Whig party.
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2. The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 angered Northerners because
A it prioritized states’ rights over the rights of the federal government.
B it contradicted the Missouri Compromise.
C it contradicted the Wilmot Proviso.
D it increased federal intervention in the affairs of independent states.
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3. Which of these were nullified by the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
A Missouri Compromise
C idea of popular sovereignty
B personal liberties laws
D Crittenden Compromise
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4. Why was abolitionist John Brown executed?
A for his attempt to seize the arsenal at Harpers Ferry
B for his midnight massacre
C for his part in “Bleeding Kansas”
D for beating Charles Sumner with a cane
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5. Abolitionists believed that slavery
A worked better than a free labor system.
C was morally wrong and wanted to end it.
B threatened unskilled workers in the North. D belonged only in the Southern states.
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6. Under the new Fugitive Slave Act passed in 1850,
A Northerners could buy and sell slaves in Washington, D.C.
B Congress declared that slavery was morally wrong.
C popular sovereignty would decide the slave issue in New Mexico.
D citizens who helped a runaway slave could be imprisoned.
Use the map and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
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7. What was the final Northern destination for most people escaping slavery on the Underground Railroad?
A Mexico
C Canada
B Ohio
D Illinois
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8. What conductor on the Underground Railroad was known as “Black Moses”?
A Harriet Beecher Stowe
C Martin Delany
B William Lloyd Garrison
D Harriet Tubman
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9. A second reason the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 angered Northerners was that it
A contradicted pre-existing personal liberty laws.
B required all citizens to support the slave system.
C allowed states to arrest slave catchers for kidnapping.
D gave states more power than the federal government.
____ 10. Who wrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?
A William Lloyd Garrison
C Stephen A. Douglas
B Martin Delany
D Franklin Pierce
____ 11. What event started “Bleeding Kansas”?
A Border ruffians raided the anti-slavery town of Lawrence, Kansas.
B John Brown carried out midnight executions of pro-slavery settlers.
C Charles Sumner delivered a speech called “The Crime Against Kansas.”
D Preston Brooks beat Charles Sumner unconscious with a cane.
____ 12. “Bleeding Kansas” demonstrated that popular sovereignty was
A a peaceful way for voters to decide on the issue of slavery.
B an unworkable solution for the territories of Kansas and Nebraska.
C a good practice for pro-slavery territories applying for statehood.
D a pro-slavery policy that consistently angered Northerners.
Use the chart and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.
Causes of the Civil War
The Long-term Causes
Sectional economic and cultural differences
Debate over expansion of slavery into the
territories
Political compromises failed to ease sectional
differences and resolve questions of expanding
slavery
 Missouri Compromise (1820)
 Compromise of 1850
 Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
Laws increased sectional tension
 Fugitive Slave Act (1850)
 Dred Scott decision
 Tariff policy
Growth of the anti-slavery movement
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
The Short-term Causes
Kansas-Nebraska Act splits political parties
Breakdown of the party system
Lincoln elected president
South Carolina secedes
____ 13. Which long-term cause directly influenced a short-term cause?
A Lincoln’s election
C Fugitive Slave Act
B Kansas-Nebraska Act
D Missouri Compromise
____ 14. James Buchanan promised to
A abolish slavery in all states of the Union.
B support slavery to avoid a civil war.
C oppose slavery in the western territories.
D end the agitation over the issue of slavery.
____ 15. What was Lincoln’s view on African Americans?
A They were inferior and deserved be enslaved by whites.
B They should have political and social equality with whites.
C They were entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
D They should have the right to citizenship and to sue in the courts.
____ 16. Why did John Brown’s raid on Harpers Ferry fail?
A Few escape routes were available to Brown’s men during the attack.
B Brown lacked the military skill necessary to lead such an attack.
C Brown was killed early on in the fight and his men lost courage.
D Few Americans would join a rebellion organized by Brown.
____ 17. Why did South Carolina secede from the Union?
A Lincoln stated that he wanted to support slavery.
B The North no longer wanted it in the Union.
C The Crittenden Compromise failed.
D They believed that Lincoln was hostile to slavery.
____ 18. Seceding states believed that they had to leave the Union in order to
A protect their property and their way of life.
B have a stronger voice in United States government.
C make sure the Crittenden Compromise was adopted.
D oust President Lincoln from office.
Use the chart and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 19. What was one outcome of the Compromise of 1850?
A Slavery was banned in Washington, D.C.
B Stephen A. Douglas lost prestige.
C Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act.
D Northern and Southern tensions immediately increased.
Use the excerpt and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
“We are now far into the fifth year, since a policy was initiated, with the avowed object, and confident
promise, of putting an end to slavery agitation. Under the operation of that policy, that agitation has not only,
not ceased, but has constantly augmented. In my opinion, it will not cease, until a crisis shall have been
reached, and passed. ‘A house divided against itself cannot stand.’ I believe this government cannnot endure,
permanently half slave and half free. I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do not expect the house to
fall—but I do expect it will cease to be divided. It will become all one thing, or all the other.”
—Abraham Lincoln, 1858
____ 20. To what did Abraham Lincoln refer when he said, “A house divided against itself cannot stand”?
A Slavery helped unite states in the Union.
B The Union could not continue with both free states and slave states.
C Compromise would continue to keep the issue of slavery at bay.
D The Union would be dissolved over the issue of slavery.
____ 21. Which of the following contributed to Lincoln’s decision to address the issue of slavery in the South?
A He was angry about recent Union military defeats.
B He wanted to antagonize the South.
C He was worried about anti-slavery sentiment in Europe.
D He wanted to build a strong base of political supporters.
____ 22. Before the Emancipation Proclamation, enslaved African Americans who were captured by Union forces
were often treated as
A contraband.
C spies.
B the militia.
D servants.
____ 23. What port on the Gulf of Mexico was captured by Union forces early in the war?
A Vicksburg
C New Orleans
B Richmond
D Shiloh
Use the photograph and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question.
____ 24. Why is this woman sitting with these wounded Civil War soldiers?
A She is a nurse.
C She is a spy.
B She is a guard.
D She is a doctor.
____ 25. What profession grew substantially with women’s participation during the Civil War?
A banking
B nursing
C governing
D cooking
Use the table and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 26. How did the Civil War affect states’ rights?
A The supremacy of the federal government over the states was firmly established.
B States gained more power in determining their own laws.
C The balance of power between federal and states governments was unchanged.
D States lost all rights of self-determination.
____ 27. Which side had a more difficult time rebuilding after the Civil War?
A the South
C the South and North struggled equally
B the North
D the South and North both rebuilt easily
____ 28. What impact did the Civil War have on the South’s African American population?
A They all stayed to rebuild the South.
B They left the country to escape slavery.
C Many migrated to the North and the West.
D Most became disillusioned with Northern culture.
Use the map and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 29. Which Northern battle in July of 1863 lasted three days and had 51,000 casualties?
A Gettysburg
C Chattanooga
B Antietem
D Fredericksburg
____ 30. What battle is considered to be the turning point in the Civil War?
A Battle of Bull Run
C Battle of Vicksburg
B Battle of Richmond
D Battle of Gettysburg
____ 31. Which of the following terms describes General Grant’s strategy for crushing the Confederacy after the Battle
of Gettysburg?
A siege
C blockade
B total war
D surprise attack
____ 32. How did the Civil War end?
A Grant surrendered in Richmond, Virginia, after losing a battle there.
B President Lincoln declared a cease fire.
C Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia.
D Enslaved persons revolted and crushed the Confederate leadership.
Use the photograph and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
____ 33. Who does this photograph depict?
A a Union soldier
B a Union general
C a Confederate soldier
D none of the above
____ 34. How did African Americans support the war effort?
A Slaves and free blacks fought for the Confederacy.
B Enslaved African Americans spied on Union troops for the Confederacy.
C By law, African Americans were forbidden from supporting the war effort on either side.
D After the Militia Act, African Americans fought for the Union.
____ 35. What did Lincoln want before he announced the Emancipation Proclamation?
A a new general
C African American soldiers
B the South’s surrender
D a major Union military victory
____ 36. After the Emancipation Proclamation, the Union army
A refused to recruit African Americans.
B began accepting African American recruits for the first time.
C allowed African Americans to serve in noncombat positions only.
D actively began recruiting African American soldiers to fight.
Use the excerpt and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following questions.
“February 9—We established a regular camp here. This last march has been a very hard one, and only a
distance of thirty miles. But it took us from Wednesday to Sunday, through snow, rain, and mud ankle-deep
and without rations. Kinston is a perfect ruin, as the Yankees have destroyed everything they could barely
touch, but it must at one time have been a very pretty town—but now nothing scarcely but chimneys are left
to show how the Yankees are trying to reconstruct the Union.”
—Louis Leon, The Battle of Gettysburg,
Diary of a Tar Heel Confederate Soldier
____ 37. What does Leon say about the town of Kinston?
A The town has been severely damaged by Union troops.
B Union soldiers have created a base there.
C Kinston has been fighting for the Union.
D During the war, the town has remained untouched.
____ 38. Why was a plan for Reconstruction of the South needed?
A The Lincoln administration did not want to readmit the Confederate states to the Union.
B Many new citizens had joined the nation during the war.
C The Constitution provided no guidance on secession or readmission of states.
D The Southern economy had grown, and Northern states wanted to share the prosperity.
____ 39. Which event led the House of Representatives to impeach President Johnson?
A Johnson’s veto of the Civil Rights Act of 1866
B the passage of the Tenure of Office Act
C Johnson’s refusal to enforce the Reconstruction Acts
D Johnson’s attempt to fire Secretary of War Edwin Stanton
____ 40. During Reconstruction, groups such as the Ku Klux Klan
A tried to pass laws to limit the rights of freed people.
B were disbanded by the Fifteenth Amendment.
C used violence to prevent freed people from voting.
D supported the passage of the Enforcement Acts.
____ 41. One of President Lincoln’s first major goals for Reconstruction was to
A reunify the nation.
C grant African Americans full citizenship.
B redistribute the South’s land.
D punish Southern states for seceding.
____ 42. President Johnson’s plan for Reconstruction required
A states to grant African Americans suffrage.
B wealthy planters and Confederate leaders to apply for pardons.
C Southern landholders to break up their plantations.
D state legislatures to submit to federal regulations.
____ 43. How did Hayes’s election effectively end Reconstruction?
A Hayes vetoed all Reconstruction legislation.
B Federal intervention ended in the South.
C The Freedmen’s Bureau took on a greater role in Southern states.
D African Americans secured full political and civil rights.
____ 44. During Reconstruction, most African American families in the South
A moved to Southern cities, where they worked as skilled laborers.
B benefited from Sherman’s plan to give or sell land to freed people.
C remained in rural areas, where they worked at jobs such as lumbering or farming.
D migrated to work on the construction of railroads across the nation.
____ 45. During his presidency, Ulysses S. Grant
A cracked down on corruption in government.
B refused to take a strong lead against Southern resistance to Reconstruction.
C took part in a plan to steal profits from the Union Pacific Railroad.
D gave high-level advisory posts to untrustworthy friends and acquaintances.
____ 46. During the 1870s, Supreme Court decisions
A restricted the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment.
B granted African Americans new freedoms at the state level.
C guaranteed African Americans protection from actions by other citizens.
D ruled that states had no power to define rights for their citizens.
____ 47. Reconstruction was successful in
A healing the bitterness between the North and the South.
B providing lasting protection for all freed people.
C raising African Americans’ expectations of their right to citizenship.
D reestablishing cotton as the single most important part of the Southern economy.
____ 48. The Fifteenth Amendment affected the women’s suffrage movement by
A uniting the movement.
C securing suffrage for white women.
B splitting the movement.
D securing suffrage for all women.
____ 49. What did Johnson require states to do to regain membership in the Union?
A States had to guarantee social and political rights to African Americans.
B Prominent Confederate leaders needed to write to Johnson on behalf of their states.
C Voters had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment, and state constitutions had to ban slavery.
D Ten percent of a state’s voters needed to swear loyalty to the Union.
____ 50. Which of the following helped fuel economic growth by encouraging people to buy American goods?
A monopolies
C protective tariffs
B patents
D laissez-faire
____ 51. Steel changed people’s lives by making possible the
A invention of radio.
C development of electricity.
B construction of skyscrapers.
D establishment of time zones.
____ 52. What punishment would a corporate violator of the Sherman Antitrust Act face?
A imprisonment not exceeding three years
B a fine not exceeding $350,000
C a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
D imprisonment not exceeding three years and a fine not exceeding $10,000,000
____ 53. The Sherman Antitrust Act imposed limitations upon which group?
A farmers
C large corporations
B Congress
D small-business owners
____ 54. In the late 1800s, workers tolerated poor wages and working conditions because they
A thought that the government would protect them.
B believed it had to get worse before it got better.
C could be replaced easily by other workers.
D were tricked by employers into taking dangerous jobs.
____ 55. Which labor leader began the American Federation of Labor?
A Samuel Gompers
C Eugene V. Debs
B Terence V. Powderly
D Uriah Smith Stephens