Speech and
Language
Ms. Scafuri & Ms. Jablin
What is Language ?
• A method of human communication either
spoken or written consisting of the use of
words in a structured way
http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/language_speech/
Language
Language is made up of socially shared rules that include the following:
• What words mean (e.g., "star" can refer to a bright object in the night
sky or a celebrity)
• How to make new words (e.g., friend, friendly, unfriendly)
• How to put words together (e.g., "Peg walked to the new store" rather
than "Peg walk store new")
• What word combinations are best in what situations ("Would you mind
moving your foot?" could quickly change to "Get off my foot, please!" if
the first request did not produce results)
http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/language_speech/
Language
• Receptive Language
• Expressive Language
• When a person has trouble understanding others
(receptive language), or sharing thoughts, ideas,
and feelings completely (expressive language),
then he or she has a language disorder.
http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/lan
guage_speech/
What is Speech?
• Speech is the verbal means of communicating
• Speech consists of:
Articulation: How speech sounds are made (e.g., children must learn how to
produce the "r" sound in order to say "rabbit" instead of "wabbit").
Voice: Use of the vocal folds and breathing to produce sound (e.g., the
voice can be abused from overuse or misuse and can lead to hoarseness
or loss of voice).
Fluency: The rhythm of speech (e.g., hesitations or stuttering can affect
fluency).
http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development/language_speech/
Communication Disorder
• Impairment in the ability to send, receive,
process, and comprehend information (verbal,
nonverbal, or graphic).
• Characterized into:
• Speech Disorders
• Language Disorders
Speech
Disorders/Delays
Impairment in:
• Articulation of Speech Sounds
• Voice
• Fluency
Language Disorder
Impairment in:
• FORM
- Letters and sounds, how words are formed, grammar
and word order
• CONTENT
- Meaning of words and sentences (Vocabulary)
• USE/PRAGMATICS
- Social Skills
Games
Games are a great way to Target:
1. Turn-taking
2. Pragmatic Skills (i.e., eye contact)
3. Attention
4. Following Directions
5. Vocabulary
Games
• Simon Says
- Attending skills
- Following Directions
- Enhancing auditory memory/listening skills
- Enhancing Visual Memory
- Speech
Games
• Asking yes or no questions to figure out the
picture on their head
• Describing pictures
• Vocabulary
• Inference/Reasoning Skills
Grab Bag
• Describing
• Listening Skills
• Inferencing/Reasoning
• Vocabulary
• Tactile Cues
Games
• Twister
- Body Parts
- Right/Left
- Colors
- Following Directions
- Listening Skills
Games
• Guess Who
- Try to deduce the identity of their opponent's mystery
person
- Ask the right questions to eliminate the wrong faces
- Reasoning/Inference
- Describing
- Yes/No questions
- Vocabulary
Games
• Memory
-Visual Memory
-Same/Different
-Attention
-Memory
Games
• Perfection
-Visual Memory
-Hand Eye Coordination
-Awareness of Time
-Self-Challenge
Games
• Scattergories
- Categorization
-Phonemic Awareness
-Verbal Reasoning (Challenge Answers)
-Awareness of Time
Games
• I spy
- Inferencing/Reasoning
- Describing Objects
- Using Longer Sentences
- Speech/Articulation
Games
“ I’m going on a Picnic”
- Listening
- Memory
- Phonemic Awareness
- Vocabulary
- Increasing Sentence Length
Games
• Connect Four
-Strategize
-Plan ahead
-Problem Solve
-Turn-taking
Following Directions
• Setting the Table
• Cleaning up Games/Puzzles
• Bedtime Routines
• Cooking/Baking
• Art Activities
References
http://www.asha.org/public/speech/development
/language_speech/