R&D Project for a Sustainable
Management of Shoreline and Sea Floor
Emiliano Altavilla, Barbara Villani, ARPA ER
Roberto Medici, Mauro Molinari, Raffaello Sisto, ENI R&M
Ravenna, March 28 2008
WHAT IS THE MATTER?
Dredging and displacement of sediments is needed to
preserve navigability and to defend the beach from
erosion (also by subsidence).
Managing large amounts of sediments (often
contaminated) is an important environmental issue
(destination: landfill, discharge in the sea floor, etc.).
The sediments should be a resource! (Even if they are
considered as waste)
Main Objectives
• Complete characterization (chemical, mineralogical and
eco-toxicological) of sediments in Ravenna harbour,
Emilia-Romagna shoreline and Sacca di Goro (near Po
river Delta)
• To develop at a pilot scale treatment technologies for
the sediments to be dredged from Ravenna harbour
• Assessment of environmental impact due to sealines
• To provide stakeholders of a support decision tool
about reuse of sediment to be dredged
Sacca di Goro
WHERE?
Emilia-Romagna Coast
Porto Ravenna
Sealines
DELIVERABLES of R&D Project

An Environment Impact Assessment of
dismissed sealines, already available

A protocol for the reuse/valorisation on land or in
marine area of dredged sediments or fractions
resulting from their treatment, expected in the
end of June 2008
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
•D.Lgs. 152/06 (TU) - art. 109 “Immersione in mare di materiale derivante da
attività di escavo e attività di posa in mare di cavi e condotte”
•L. n. 179 del 31/07/2002 –” Disposizioni in materia ambientale” – art. 21
“Autorizzazione per gli interventi di tutela della fascia costiera”
•D.M. 367/2003 “Regolamento concernente la fissazione di standard di qualità
nell’ambiente acquatico per le sostanze pericolose” (parte relativa ai sedimenti)
•D.M. del 24/01/1996 “Direttive inerenti le attività istruttorie per il rilascio delle
autorizzazioni …….. relative allo scarico nelle acque del mare o in ambienti ad
esso contigui di materiali provenienti da escavo di fondali di ambienti marini o
salmastri o di terreni litoranei emersi, nonché da ogni altra movimentazione di
sedimenti in ambiente marino.
•D.Lgs. 152/06 (TU) – parte IV titolo V - definizione dei limiti di accettabilità
della contaminazione, delle procedure di riferimento per prelievo ed analisi dei
campioni, dei criteri di messa in sicurezza, bonifica e redazione dei progetti di
bonifica.
•D.M. del 5/02/1998 (vigente) – norme tecniche per il recupero di rifiuti non
pericolosi come materia
DOCUMENTS FRAMEWORK
Studies and regional planning
• Programma regionale dei dragaggi dei porti e degli accumuli sabbiosi del litorale
emiliano-romagnolo: analisi e indicazioni progettuali per l’utilizzo delle sabbie ai fini del
ripascimento delle spiagge”
• Individuazione e caratterizzazione delle nuove aree di scarico in mare dei materiali
dragati nei porti della Regione Emilia-Romagna
• Progetto SedNet (rete tematica sui sedimenti) finanziato dalla Commissione EuropeaDG Ricerca, - azione-chiave 1.4.1 “Riduzione dell’inquinamento idrico provocato da
terreni, discariche e sedimenti contaminati”
• “Prima campagna di monitoraggio delle aree di scarico in mare dei materiali dragati nei
porti regionali e comunali della Regione Emilia-Romagna
• Le linee guida per la Gestione Integrata delle zone costiere (GIZC) approvate il 20
gennaio 2005 dal Consiglio Regionale con delibera n. 645
• Protocollo di intesa tra regione Emilia Romagna ed Eni R&M in materia di ricerca
intensiva e sperimentazione per una gestione sostenibile delle coste e dei fondali
marini antistanti Ravenna e lo sviluppo su scala pilota di criteri di valutazione della
qualità dell’ecosistema e degli effetti sullo stesso dei sedimenti contaminati
Project Team: a mix of public authorities, academic /
industrial research and international links
Regione Emilia-Romagna – Assessorato Ambiente e Sviluppo
Sostenibile, Assessorato Difesa del suolo – Direzione generale Attività
Produttive, Commercio, Turismo
Provincia di Ravenna, Comune di Ravenna e Autorità Portuale di
Ravenna
Arpa Emilia-Romagna: Strutture tematiche Daphne e Ingegneria
Ambientale e Sezioni provinciali di Ravenna, Ferrara
Istituto di Scienze Marine del CNR Bologna (ISMAR)
Università di Bologna Sezione di Ravenna Centro Interdipartimentale
per la Ricerca delle Scienze Ambientali,
Università di Brema Department of Geosciences,
Sapienza Università di Roma Dipartimento Idraulica, Trasporti e Strade
Conseil General du Var – Direction des Ports, Toulon - Francia
Eni S.p.A. Divisione Refining & Marketing – Monterotondo Research
Center
Structure of R&D project
According to funding source the project is organized in
three subprojects:
#1 Studies for the remediation and reuse of contaminated
sediments dredged from Ravenna harbour (funded by Eni)
#2 Ravenna shoreline and sediment monitoring (Sealines)
(funded by Eni)
#3 Investigation on Emilia Romagna shoreline (funded by
CIPE)
Subproject #1: Studies for the remediation and reuse of
contaminated sediments dredged from Ravenna harbour
Objectives
1. To deeply develop knowledge of physic-chemical characteristics of sediments to
be dredged from Canale Candiano
2. To verify at a pilot scale innovative technologies for the treatment of sediments to
be dredged from Ravenna harbour, based on integration of grain size
classification, solvent extraction, bioremediation, chemical and thermal treatment
3. To assess the potential risks posed by the reuse of such treated sediments
4. To provide the Public Authorities of a decision support tool to improve the
management of dredged sediments which evaluates reuse options such as:
• inert material for building
• backfilling of worked out quarries
• beach nourishment
Subproject #1: Studies for the remediation and reuse of
contaminated sediments dredged from Ravenna harbour
Partners / roles
•
•
•
•
Site investigation
• Sampling campaign in Ravenna harbour (ARPA Ingegneria Ambientale)
Treatment
• Technology assessment (Sapienza Università di Roma)
• Experimentation on innovative technologies:
• soil washing, solvent extraction, bioremediation (Eni R&M Monterotondo Research Center)
• phosphatation, thermal treatments (Conseil General du Var)
Characterization of Treated and no-Treated Sediments
• Chemical analysis (ARPA Ravenna)
• Chronic and acute leaching tests (University of Bremen)
• Eco-toxicity (ARPA Ferrara)
Protocols for sediment reuse (ARPA Ingegneria Ambientale)
Subproject #1: Studies for the remediation and reuse of
contaminated sediments dredged from Ravenna harbour
Subproject #1: Studies for the remediation and reuse of
contaminated sediments dredged from Ravenna harbour
Results
•
Site Investigation
• Assessment of main contaminants and their 3D distribution
• Classification of sediments according to grain size distribution
•
Treatment technologies
• Clean sands, potentially suitable for nourishment, from soil washing
• Non Me-leaching materials from phosphatation – calcination (Novosol®)
• Clean materials from solvent extraction (Ensolvex®) of sandy sediments
containing no metals
• Clean materials from landfarming of loamy sediments containing no metals
•
Characterization running to assess suitability of above materials to different reuse
options (beach nourishment, building, backfilling,…)
Subproject #2: Ravenna shoreline and sediment
monitoring (Sealines)

The main aim of the project is to evaluate the impact of the ENI
sealines on the marine environment
Project targets
•
•
•
Prediction study about potential environmental impact due to
sealines removal
Experimental confirmation that the sealines don’t influence the
marine environment and that it’s safe to leave them in situ
Better knowledge of the processes involved in an area subjected to
antropic pressure
Geographic area and sampling stations along the sealines
Subproject #2: Ravenna shoreline and sediment
monitoring (Sealines)
Multidisciplinary team: Partners / roles
Agenzia Regionale Prevenzione e Ambiente (ARPA) Emilia
Romagna- Sezioni Daphne, Ravenna e Ferrara:
Monitoring campaigns facilities, lab activities: chemical
and physical analysis, benthos analysis, ecotoxicity tests
Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi (Eni) Div. R&M: project
management, lab activities: chemical and microbiological
analysis, ecotoxicity tests
Istituto di Scienze Marine del CNR (ISMAR), Sezione di Bologna:
lab activities: chemical physical mineralogic and granulometric
analysis of sediments; morphologic investigation of the shoreline,
evaluation of sedimentation speed
Subproject #2: Ravenna shoreline and sediment monitoring
(Sealines)
Objectives
•
Marine ecosystem characterization: specifically addressed to the benthic
system and the sediments along the sealines route and the control area
(see map)
•
Prediction study about potential environmental impact due to sealines
removal through lab simulations on sediments motion
•
Identification of the lower environmental impact option: safety setting of the
sealines versus their removal
Results
•At
present, the sealines are partially buried up to the bathymetry of 9
meters; elsewhere they rise up to the surface.
•The
chemical and microbiologic analysis of the sediments sampled along
the sealines don’t differ from those of sediments sampled far away (control
samples, see map), showing the absence of phenomena related to the
presence of the sealines in the area
•The
presence of contaminant traces in the area is mainly due to the
harbour and the presence of ships in the area, and the Po and Fiumi
Uniti discharges
Subproject #2: Ravenna shoreline and
sediment monitoring (Sealines)
Results
•
Ecotoxicologic studies in the area with organisms of various trophic levels
(Vibrio fischeri, Artemia salina, Paracentrotus lividus, Dicentrarcus Labrax)
highlighted toxicity in the harbour and in the area where the ships are
present, not along the sealines
•
The benthic ecosystem has a good biodiversity rate. In case of sealines
removal, the sediments motion would bring about the distruction of the
benthos present along the sealines, due to the anoxic conditions created in
the sea floor
•
The sealines, cleared through “pigging” treatment, at present are not
source of environmental pollution: an important effect of the sealines
removal would be the release of pollutants and nutrients linked to
inorganic elements
Subproject #2: Ravenna shoreline and
sediment monitoring (Sealines)
Health state of the Sea basin of Marina di Ravenna (2006)
Health state of the sea basin of Marina di Ravenna (2006) related to the Trophic
Index values. 5 areas at 0.5-18 Km (cod. E0.5, E3, E6, E10, E18) were identified
Subproject #2: Ravenna shoreline and
sediment monitoring (Sealines)
•
In order to onward evaluate the health state of the
marine environment in the area of the Sealines, the
work evidences it would be worthy a long term
monitoring of the area by means of the indicators used
for the present study.
•
The same Institutions that accomplished the present
project should be involved in the new project: this
partnership would guarantee the success of this task.
Subproject #3 Investigation on Emilia
Romagna shoreline
Objectives
To assess compliance of dredged sediments with
displacements for beach nourishments (coastal erosion
and subsidence) or immersion in sea floor
To define a range for local (regional) thresholds values and
background values
To distinguish the source of contamination between Po
basin and local contributions
To provide Administrators of improved knowledge for
sediment managements
Subproject #3 Investigation on Emilia
Romagna shoreline
Partners:
 Arpa Emilia-Romagna (Strutture Tematiche di Ingegneria Ambientale
e Daphne, Sezione provinciale di Ravenna e Ferrara) in cooperation
with CIRSA – Università di Bologna
Main activities:
 Collection of available data on contamination and source
contamination of Ravenna harbour and Sacca di Goro (near delta
Po river): georeference of sampling points, sampling activity and
chemical, physical, and eco-toxicological analysis
 Characterization of sediments near regional shoreline: historical
data, sampling, analysis, building of database, definition of locals
limit and background values
Subproject #3 Investigation on Emilia
Romagna shoreline
Coast characterization
Length of coast =120 km
40 section of sampling
(0, -1, -3, -5 m depth).
5 sub-areas (A-E)
Sampling and data set
collection in land to obtain
Metal background
concentrations
Subproject #3 Investigation on Emilia
Romagna shoreline
Sacca di Goro
South of Po river Delta
Characterization of:
• harbours
• internal channels
• mouth of Po di Volano
and Po di Goro
• sandbar
Subproject #3 Investigation on Emilia
Romagna shoreline
Results

Assessment of the distribution of main contaminants
related to their source

Proposal for the attribution of local limit values and
background values to metals for each sub-area

Database containing chemical, physical, microbiological
and eco-toxicological data collected since last 10 years
from regional coast
CREDITS

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ENI R&M: Raffaello Sisto, Alessandro Nardella, Roberto
Medici, Mauro Molinari
UNIVERSITA’: Raffaella Pomi, Enrico Dinelli, Kay Hamer
ESPERTI SCIENTIFICI: David Pellegrini, Daniela
Rizzitiello, Giuseppe Bortone, Stefano Rolle
ARPA E-R: Barbara Villani, Mentino Preti, Daniela
Ballardini, Carla Rita Ferrari, Giuseppe Montanari, Patricia
Santini, Fernando Gelli, Donatella Palazzi, Emiliano
Altavilla
REGIONE E-R: Rosanna Bissoli, Andrea Palumbo
CGV: Ilaria Tivolle, JL Acqua, Laurent Sannier
ISMAR: Franca Frascari
REFERENCES
ARPA EMILIA-ROMAGNA
Ingegneria Ambientale
 [email protected]
 [email protected]