1.1 Life Quality Factors (14)
1 Physical Factors
(5)
2 Intellectual
Factors (2)
3 Emotional
Factors (5)
1.4 Factors affecting Communication (11)
Exercise, Diet, Physical comfort and safety,
Hygiene, Pain relief
31 Emotional
Stimulation, Engaging in Activities
Privacy, Dignity, Approval, Psychological security,
Autonomy
32 Environmental
33 Physical or intellectual
disabilities
37 Use of technical terminology or
colloquialisms
38 Appropriate speed clarity and
loudness
39 Use of eye contact, facial
expressions, body language
34 Cultural influences
40 Legibility and accuracy
35 Stereotyping and labelling
41 Lack of resources
4 Social Factors (2) Social Contact, Social Support
1.2 Principles of Care (7)
9 Acknowledging individuals'
5 Promoting effective
personal beliefs and identity and
communication and relationships respecting diversity
6 Promoting anti-discriminatory 10 Protecting individuals from
practice
abuse
7 Maintaining confidentiality of
11 Providing individualised care
information
8 Promoting and supporting
individuals’ rights to dignity,
independence, empowerment,
choice and safety
1.3 Caring Skills and Techniques (13)
12 Encouraging
13 Showing approval
14 Creating trust
15 Gaining compliance
16 Social perception
17 Observation
18 Providing individualised care
19 Disengagement
20 Distraction
21 Physical contact
22 Modelling
23 Working alongside
24 Setting challenges
25 Safe working practices
1.4 Communication Types (5)
26 Written
27 Verbal
28 Non-verbal
29 Graphical
30 Alternative
36 Time constraints and pressures
1.5 Barriers to Communication: Care workers (7)
1.5 Strategies to overcome Barriers: Individuals (9)
62 British Sign Language, Makaton,
66 Interpreter
Braille, Widget
63 Equipment – hearing aids,
adapted computers, electronic
voice output, pendant call system 67 Facilitating access – e.g. use of
community alarm aid
ramps
64 Use of an advocate
68 Adapted equipment and facilities
69 Anger management /
65 Use of support groups
assertiveness training
1.6 Rights and responsibilities (12 Acts)
70 The Disability Discrimination Act
76 The Children Act 1989
42 Attitude and prejudice
46 Preoccupation with own needs 1995
71 Race Relations Act 1976
77 The Work and Families Act 2006
43 Lack of motivation
47 Ethical dilemmas
72 Mental Health Act 1983
78 The Data Protection Act 1994
44 Conformity to workplace
79 The Access to Personal Files Act
48 Stress and physical strain
norms
73 Sex Discrimination Act 1975
1987
45 Lack of skill
80 The Access to Health Care
1.5 Strategies to overcome Barriers: Care workers (9)
74 Human Rights Act 1998
Records Act 1990
49 Clear and effective policies 51 Advice and support within the
75 NHS and Community Care Act 81 The Health and Safety at Work
and codes of practice
workplace
1990
Act 1973
52 Appraisal, continuing professional
1.6 Systems of Redress (7)
50 Training
development procedures
1.5 Barriers to Communication: Individuals (9)
53 Lack of status
54 Social exclusion
55 Physical impairment
82 Organisational policies
57 Attention seeking
58 Hostile behaviour
83 Local complaints procedures
59 Feelings of frustration and isolation 84 Industrial tribunals
60 Communication barriers - sensory
85 Regulatory bodies
impairments, learning disabilities,
56 Concealing problems
language barriers
61 Poor access to services and resources – physical, psychological,
financial, lack of information, geographical, cultural and language
barriers
86 Ombudsman
87 Commissions – Equal
Opportunities, Racial Equality,
Human Rights, Disability Rights
88 European Court of Human Rights
WJEC Health Unit1