Course No. AS-111(HO) ; Course Title – Elementary Statistics and Computer Applications
Course Syllabus
Theory: Basic concepts of statistics –variable, types and sources of data, classification and
tabulation of data, construction of frequency distribution tables, graphic representation data,
simple, multiple component and percentage, bar diagram, pie diagram, histogram, frequency
polygon and frequency curve, average and measures of location, mean, mode median, geometric
mean, harmonic mean, percentiles and quadrilles, for raw and grouped data.
Dispersion – range, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variation for raw and grouped
data. Probability – basic concept, additive and multiplicative laws. Theoretical distributions:
binomial poison and normal distribution. Sampling, basic concepts, sampling Vs. complete
enumeration, parameter and statistic, sampling methods, simple random sampling and stratified
random sampling.
Tests of significance – basic concepts, test-test for single sample mean, tests for equality of
means for independent samples and paired t-tests, Chi-square test for application of attributes and
test for goodness of fit of mendalian ratios.
Correlation-scatter diagram, correlation coefficient and its properties, regression, fitting of simple
linear regression, test of significance of correlation and regression coefficient.
Experimental designs – basic concepts, Completely Randomized Design, Randomized Block
Design, Latin Square Designs, Factorial experiments, basic concepts, analysis of factorial
experiments up to 3 factors. Split Plot Design and Strip Plot Design.
Introduction to computers and personal computers, basic concepts, Operation System: DOS and
Windows 95-XP, introduction to programming languages, BASIC language: concepts basics and
programming techniques, MS-Office: word, Excel, Power point, Introduction to multimedia and
its application, VISUAL BASIC – concepts, basics and programming techniques, Introduction to
internet.
Practical: Construction of frequency distribution table and its graphical representation,
histogram, frequency polygon, frequency curve, bar chart, pie chart, mean, median, mode for row
and grouped data, variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, t-test, (Single sample
mean, two sample means-Fisher’s–t and Paired- t test) , F-test.
Studies on computer components, BASIC Programming Techniques, VISUAL BASIC
programming techniques, MSOffice: Word, Excel, Power point.
Lecture Schedule for the course AS-111(HO)
Course No. AS-111(HO) ; Course Title – Elementary Statistics and Computer Application
Credit Hour – 2+1
Theory:- 32 classes
Class No.
Portions to be taught
1
Basic Concepts of statistics :– Definition, use and limitations; Variable, types and sources
of data,
2
Classification and tabulation of data; Construction of frequency distribution tables
3
Graphical representation of data – histogram, frequency polygon and frequency curve.
4
Diagrammatic representation of data - Simple, multiple, component and percentage bar
diagram, pie diagram
5- 6
Average and measures of location, mean, mode, median, G.M., H.M., for raw and grouped
data; Dispersion – range, standard deviation, variance, C.V. for raw and grouped data:
definition, uses , merits, demerits and formula.
7-9
Probability – basic concept, Additive law of probability (without proof) ; Multiplicative law
of probability for dependent and independent events (without proof);
10-11
Theoritical distributions – (i) Dicrete Prob. Distribution – binomial & poisson : definition,
conditions, properties regarding their mean & variance, uses
(ii) Contonuous Prob. Distribution – Normal Probability distribution: Definition, normal
prob. Curve, basic properties of the normal probability curve with more stress to area
property . (withour proof).
12-14
Sampling, basic concepts, sampling Vs complete enumeration, parameter and statistic,
sampling methods.
Simple random sampling: definition, properties (without proof). Formula for variance of
mean with and without replacement (without proof);
Stratified random sampling: definition , why it is necessary, proportional allocation of
strata.
15-17
Tests of significance- basic concepts, test for single mean, tests for equality of means for
independent samples and paired t-tests; F- test ; Chi-square test for goodness of fit of
mendelian ratios & test for independence of attributes .
18-20
Correlation-scatter diagram, correlation coefficient and its properties (without proof);
regression, fitting of simple linear regression, test of significance of correlation coefficient.
21-26
Experimental designs – basic concepts, CRD, RBD & LSD: definition, layout, statistical
analysis, merits and demerits; Factorial experiments: basic concepts, analysis of 22 and 23
factorial experiments: Split Plot Design; Strip Plot Design
27-28
29
30-31
32
Introduction to computers, anatomy of computers, Input and Output Devices, Units of
memory
Operating System – DOS and WINDOWS
MS WORD, MS- EXCEL and MS - POWERPOINT
BASIC Progamming: Programs to find out mean, variance & C.V. of raw data.
Practical - 16 Classes
Class No.
Practical Exercises
1
Construction of frequency distribution
2
Graphical representation of frequency distribution table - histogram, frequency polygon
and frequency curve
3
Diagrammatic presentation : Simple, multiple, component and percentage bar diagram,
pie diagram
4
Computation of A.M., G.M., H.M., median and mode for Ungrouped data
5
Computation of A.M., G.M., H.M., median and mode for Grouped data
6
Computation of standard deviation, variance and C.V. for Ungrouped data
7
Computation of standard deviation, variance and C.V. for Grouped data
8
SND test for means, single sample and two samples
9
Student’s t-test (Single sample mean)
10
Fisher’s t- test (two independent sample means )
11
Paired- t test ( two paired sample means)
12
F- test
13
Study of Computer Components
14
MS WORD – creating, editing, formatting and saving a document
15
MS EXCEL – creating, editing and saving a spreadsheet - Use of in-built statistical
functions and writing expressions in formula bar
16
MS POWERPOINT – creating, editing, formatting and saving a presentation – creating
slide show
2. Fundamentals of Soil Science
AC-111 2(1+1)
Composition of earth’s crust, soil as a natural body – major components. Eluviations and alleviations
formation of various soils. Problem soils: salt soils, permeable, flooded, sandy soil properties.
Physical parameters; texture – definition, methods of textural analysis, stock’s law, assumption,
limitations, textural classes, use of textural triangle; absolute specific gravity, definition, apparent
specific gravity/bulk density – factors influencing, field bulk density. Relation between BD (bulk
density), AD – practical problems. Pore space – definition, factors affecting capillary and noncapillary porosity, soil colour – definition, its significance, colour variable, value hue and chroma.
Munsellcolour chart, factors influencing, parent material, soil moisture, organic matter, soil structure,
definition, classification, clay prism like structure, factors influencing genesis of soil structure, soil
consistency, plasticity, Atterberg’s constants. Soil air, air capacity, composition, factors influencing,
amount of air space, soil air renewal, soil temperature, sources and distribution of heat, factors
influencing, measurement, chemical properties, soil colloids, organic, humus, inorganic, secondary
silicate, clay, hydrous oxides. Ion exchange, cation-anion importance, soil organic matter
decomposition, pH and nutrient availability, soil buffering capacity, soil water, forms, hygroscopic,
capillary and gravitational, soil moisture constants, hygroscopic coefficient, wilting point, field
capacity, moisture equivalent, maximum water holding capacity, energy concepts, PF scale,
measurement, gravimetric – electric and tensiometer methods – pressure plate and pressure membrane
apparatus – Neutron probe – soil water movement – classification – aerial photography – satellite of
soil features – their interpretation; soil orders; land capability classification; soil of different ecosystems and their properties, management of problem soils– soil environmental quality. Rock &
Minerals classification, Pedogenic process. Soil Erosion and runoff. Objectives of soil science
research institute in India (NBSS&LUP,ISSS, LTFE& NSSTL). Management of Soil Crusting, Soil
Compaction and Soil Compression. Soil Biology benefits and harmful effects.
Methods and
objective of soil survey, Remote sensing application in soil and plant Studies, Soil degradation.
Practical:
Collection and preparation of soil samples, estimation of moisture, EC, pH and bulk density. Textural
analysis of soil by Robinson’s pipette method, chemical analysis of soil – Fe2O3, P, K, Ca, Mg and S,
total N, organic carbon and cation exchange capacity, Analytical chemistry, Basics concepts
techniques and calculation. Description of soil profile in the field. Quantification of minerals and
their abundance. Determination of Soil colour using Munsell Chart. Estimation of water holding
capacity and hydraulic conductivity of soils. Estimation of Infiltration rate using double ring
infilitrometer method. Estimation of soil moisture using gypsum block and neutron probe method.
Soil compaction measurement with Pentrometer. Determination of pore space of soil. Determination
of filed capacity and permanent wilting point of soil. Determination of soil water potential
characteristic curves by tensiometer and pressure plate apparatus. Aggregate size distribution analysis
of soil. Air capacity of soil by field method. Working principal of pH, EC, Spectrophotometer, Flame
photometer and Atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Theory
1. Concept of soil, definition of soil, Composition of earth’s crust, soil as a natural body – major
components- mineral matter, organic matter, soil water and soil air.
2. Rock & Minerals classification, igneous rocks, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks, primary
and secondary minerals, Pedogenic process- humification, Eluviations and illuviations
formation of various soils and specific pedogenic processes like calcification, podzolization,
laterization, gleization, salinization, desalinization, pedoturbation, alkalization.
3. Physical parameters; texture – definition, textural classes, methods of textural analysis,
stock’s law, assumption, limitations, use of textural triangle and importance of texture.
4. Absolute specific gravity, definition, apparent specific gravity/bulk density, particle
density/true density – factors influencing, field bulk density. Relation between BD (bulk
density), PD – practical problems. Pore space – definition, factors affecting capillary and noncapillary porosity
5. Soil colour – definition, its significance, colour variable, value hue and chroma. Munsell
colour chart, factors influencing parent material, soil moisture, organic matter, soil structure,
definition, classification, clay prism like structure, factors influencing genesis of soil structure
6. Soil consistency, plasticity, Atterberg’s constants. Soil air, air capacity, composition, factors
influencing, amount of air space, soil air renewal, gaseous exchange
7. soil temperature, sources and distribution of heat, factors influencing, measurement
8. Chemical properties, soil colloids, definition, classification-organic, humus, inorganic,
secondary silicate, clay, hydrous oxides. Ion exchange, cation-anion importance, CEC of soil,
factors affecting and significance of CEC
9. soil organic matter decomposition-sources, composition, humus definition, pH and nutrient
availability, soil buffering capacity, soil water, forms, hygroscopic, capillary and
gravitational, soil moisture constants, hygroscopic coefficient, wilting point, field capacity,
moisture equivalent, maximum water holding capacity,
10. energy concepts, pF scale, measurement, gravimetric – electric and tensiometer methods –
pressure plate and pressure membrane apparatus – Neutron probe
11. soil water movement, infiltration, percolation, permeability , Soil orders; sub-orders, their
classification, diagnostic soil horizons,
12. modern system of soil classification, land capability classification; soil of different ecosystems and their properties, great group, sub-group, family series, soils of India- Alluvial
soil, black soil, red soil, lateritic soil, desert soil, forest soil and hill soils.
13. Problem soils: salt soils, permeable, flooded, sandy soil properties. Physical parameters;
texture management of problem soils– soil environmental quality, Soil Erosion and runoff.
14. Objectives of soil science research institute in India (NBSS&LUP,ISSS, LTFE& NSSTL).
Management of Soil Crusting, Soil Compaction and Soil Compression.
15. Soil Biology benefits and harmful effects, soil flora, fauna, their important characteristics,
role of beneficial organisms
16. Methods and objective of soil survey, classification – aerial photography – satellite of soil
features – their interpretation Remote sensing application in soil and plant Studies, Soil
degradation.
Practical
1. Analytical chemistry, Basics concepts techniques and calculation
2. Collection and preparation of soil samples, estimation of moisture
3. Textural analysis of soil by Robinson’s pipette method and bouyoucos hydrometer method
4. EC, pH and bulk density, Determination of pore space of soil
5. organic carbon and total N of soil
6. chemical analysis of soil – Fe2O3, P
7. K, Ca, Mg and S and cation exchange capacity
8. Description of soil profile in the field
9. Quantification of minerals and their abundance. Determination of Soil colour using Munsell
Chart
10. Working principal of pH, EC, Spectrophotometer, Flame photometer and Atomic absorption
spectrophotometer.
11. Estimation of water holding capacity and hydraulic conductivity of soils. Estimation of
Infiltration rate using double ring infiltrometer method
12. Estimation of soil moisture using gypsum block and neutron probe method
13. Soil compaction measurement with Pentrometer
14. Determination of filed capacity and permanent wilting point of soil
15. Aggregate size distribution analysis of soil. Air capacity of soil by field method
16. Determination of soil water potential characteristic curves by tensiometer and pressure plate
apparatus.
Recommended books:
1. The Nature and Properties of Soil- N.C. Brady and Ray, R. Weill, Pearson education, New
Delhi
2. A Text Book of Soil Science- T.D. Biswas and S.K. Mukherjee, Tata Mc GrawHill
Publishing House
3. Fundamentals of Soil Science-Indian Society of Soil Science, IARI, New Delhi
4. Soil Pedology- J.L. Sehgal, Kalyani Publication, Ludhiana
5. Introductory Soil Science- D.K. Das Kalyani Publication, Ludhiana
3. COURSE TITLE:- ECONOMICS AND MARKETING
COURSE NO: AE-111(HO) (2+1)
COURSE TEACHER: DR.(MRS.) CHINMAYEE NAYAK
SYLLABUS
1. Economics and Marketing
3(2+1)
Nature and scope of economics, definition and concepts, divisions of economics, economic systems,
approaches to the study of economics. Consumption – theory of consumer behaviour, laws of
consumption, classification of goods. Wants – their characteristics and classification, utility and its
measurement, cardinal and ordinal, law of diminishing marginal utility, law of equi-marginal utility,
indifference curve and its properties, consumer equilibrium. Theory of demand, demand schedule
and curve, market demand. Price, income and cross elasticities, Engil’s law of family expenditure –
consumer’s surplus. Theory of firm, factors of production – land and its characteristics, labour and
division of labour, theories of population. Capital and its characteristics – classification and capital
formation. Enterprises – forms of business organization – merits and demerits. Laws or return –
law of diminishing marginal return – cost concepts. Law of supply – supply schedule and curve
elasticities. Market equilibrium, distribution – theories of rent, wage, interest and profit. Price
determination and forecasting under various market structures. Marketing- definition – Marketing
Process – Need for marketing – Role of marketing –– Marketing functions – Classification of markets
– Marketing of various channels – Price spread – Marketing Efficiency – Integration – Constraints in
marketing of agricultural produce. Market intelligence – Basic guidelines for preparation of project
reports- Bank norms – Insurance – SWOT analysis – Crisis management.
Practical: Techno-economic parameters for preparation of projects. Preparation of Bankable
projects for various agricultural products and its value added products. Identification of marketing
channel– Calculation of Price Spread – Identification of Market Structure – Visit to different
Markets.
LECTURE OUTLINE (THEORY)
UNIT
1
2
3
TOPICS
NO. OF
CLASSES
Meaning
&
definition,
economic
problem,content of economic theory.
Nature
of
economic
theory,scope&method,microeconomics &
its limitation,macroeconomics & its
limitation,subject matter,economics as
science,art & social science
1
Meaning & classification of goods,meaning
& characteristics of wants,classification of
want Definition of utility,kinds of
utility,definition and characteristics of
wealth,types of wealth
Meaning of Marginal utility & total
2
Economics, Division of economics
Goods & Wants, Utility & Wealth
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility,
1
Law of equi marginal utility
Consumer surplus
4
5
6
Theory of demand
Indifference curve analysis
Elasticity of demand
7
8
Land, Labour
UNIT
TOPICS
Capital, Enterprises
9
10
11
12
13
14
utility,assumption
of
LDMU,explanation,limitation
Definition,assumption
of
LEMU,explanation,limitation,importance
Meaning,explanation,criticisim,importanc
e
Meaning,type,demand schedule,law of
demand,exception
of
law
of
demand,limitation,extension
&
contraction of demand,increase &
decrease of demand,factors affecting
demand
Meaning,scale
of
preference,assumption,indifference
schedule&indifference
map,properties,application,budget
line,consumer equilibrium,condition for
consumer equilibrium
Meaning,types of Ed,degree of Ed,factors
determining
price
elasticity
of
demand,measurement of elasticity of
demand
Definition,characters,land
&
its
productivity, Definition,characters,division
of labour,advantages & disadvantages of
labour
Rent, Wage & Interest
Cost concept
Laws of Return
Laws of Supply
Market Equilibrium
Market
1
3
3
1
1
NO OF
CLASSES
Meaning,
characters,type,capital
formation,
Meaning,forms
of
enterprises,merit & demerits
Ricardian concept of rent,marshall
concept of rent,classical theory of rent
Types
of
wages,factors
affecting
wages,Keynes theory of interest
1
Various types of cost,cost function
Definition,Types of returns
1
Definition, extension & contraction of
supply, increase and decrease of suppl,law
of supply,factors affecting it,degree of
supply, factors affecting degree of supply
Meaning , equilibrium under perfect
condition,equilibrium
for
perishable
goods, equilibrium for durable good.
Introduction, component of market,
1
2
1
1
15
16
17
18
19
Buying & selling
dimension of market, classification of
market
Definition, general classification,
classification by kohl & ull, classification by
huggy & mitchell
Definition , packing Vs packaging,
advantages, types of packing materials
Definition .advantage, factors affecting it,
problems in transportation
Meaning, types of grading, advantages,
problems, Meaning of storage, need of
storage, risk in storage, meaning and
advantage of processing
Meaning, buying function, selling function,
methods of buying and selling, constraints
in marketing of agricultural produce
Market integration and market
efficiency, price spread
Meaning, types & advantages of market
integration, definition of market
efficiency, component, assessment of
market efficiency, price spread
Marketing function
Packaging
Transportation
Grading & standardization
Storage & processing
1
1
1
1
2
NO. OF
CLASSES
UNIT
TOPICS
20
21
Marketing cost, Market margin
Basic guideline for preparation of
project reports, bank norms
22
Insurance ,SWOT,Crisis Management
Meaning, componenet of market cost,
objective of studying MC, reason for high
MC, Factors affecting MC, Meaning,
concept,
MI, Defination,project
cycle,steps,3R,5C,7P
GIC,CCIC,NAIS,Steps of SWOT, definition of
crisis management,types
2
2
2
32
Total number of classes
4. Elementary Plant Biochemistry
2(1+1)
AC-112
Carbohydrates: Occurrence classification and structure, physical and chemical properties of
carbohydrates, isomerism, optical activity, reducing property, reaction with acids and alkalis, ozone
formation. Lipids: Classification, important fatty acids and triglycerides, essential fatty acids. Physical
and chemical control of oils, their rancidity, phospholipids, types and importance. Plant pigments –
structure and function of chlorophyll and caretenoids, sterols, basic structure, role of brassino sterols
in plants. Proteins: Classification, function and solubility, amino acids – classification and structure,
essential amino acids, properties of amino acids, colour reactions, amphoteric nature and isomerism;
structure of proteins –primary, secondary tertiary and quaternary properties and reaction of proteins.
Enzymes: Classification and mechanism of action; factors affecting enzyme action, co-factors and
coenzymes. Vitamins and minerals as co-enzymes/co-factors. Carbohydrate metabolism – glycolysis
and TCA-cycle; metabolism of lipids, fatty acid oxidation, biosynthesis of fatty acids, electron
transport chain, bioenergetics of glucose and fatty acids, structure and function of nucleic acid
replication, transcription and translation.
Practical: Preparation of standard solutions and reagents; Carbohydrates: Qualitative reactions;
Estimation of starch; Estimation of reducing and non reducing sugars from fruits; Amino acids:
Reactions of amino acids; Proteins: Estimation
Estimation
of proteins by Lowry’s method; Fatty acids:
of free fatty acids; Determination of iodine number of vegetable oils; Vitamins:
Estimation of Ascorbic acid; Techniques: Paper chromatography, Thin layer chromatography;
Isolation of DNA from onions, Electrophoresis of pigments extracted from flowers, Extraction of oil
from oil seeds; Enzymes: Enzyme assay, Enzyme Immobilization.
Theory
1. Biochemistry – Introduction, importance and scope, plant cell in brief, function of different
organelles and their structure.
2. Carbohydrates: functions, Occurrence, classification and structure, disaccharides,
polysaccharides, physical and chemical properties of carbohydrates, industrial uses of
carbohydrates
3. Isomerism, stereo-isomerism, functional isomerism, structural isomerism, optical isomerism,
optical activity, reducing property, reaction with acids and alkalis, ozone formation.
4. Lipids: Classification, important fatty acids and triglycerides, essential fatty acids, functions
of lipids, saponification, hydrogenation, saponification number, iodine number
5. Industrial application of acyl lipids, major advantages of bio-diesel, Physical and chemical
control of oils, their rancidity, phospholipids, types and importance
6. Plant pigments – structure and function of chlorophyll and carotenoids, sterols, basic
structure, role of brassino sterols in plants
7. Proteins: Classification, function and solubility structure of proteins –primary, secondary
tertiary and quaternary properties and reaction of proteins, purification techniques
8. amino acids – classification and structure, essential amino acids, properties of amino acids,
colour reactions, amphoteric nature and isomerism
9. Enzymes: characteristics, chemical nature of enzymes, specificity of enzymes, Classification
and mechanism of action Fischer’s lock and key theory and Koshland’s induced-fit theory;
factors affecting enzyme action,
10. co-factors and coenzymes, inhibitors, competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive
inhibitors, allosteric enzymes, immobilization of enzymes, industrial application of enzymes,
Vitamins and minerals as co-enzymes/co-factors
11. Carbohydrate metabolism, metabolic pathways, light reaction, dark reaction/calvin cycle,
catabolism of starch and glucose – glycolysis and TCA-cycle
12. metabolism of lipids, fatty acid oxidation, biosynthesis of fatty acids, anabolism, catabolism
of fatty acids
13. electron transport chain- mitochondrial electron flow, ETC in chloroplasts, metabolic
regulation and lac operon concept
14. bioenergetics of glucose and fatty acids, structure, pentose phosphate pathway
15. central dogma, function of nucleic acid replication, transcription and translation,
16. activation of amino acids, degradation of protein into amino acids, packing of DNA into
chromosomes, secondary metabolites and their classification in brief
Practical:
1. Preparation of standard solutions and reagents
2. Carbohydrates: Qualitative reactions;
3. Estimation of starch; Estimation of reducing and non reducing sugars from fruits
4. Qualitative test of lipids and proteins
5. Determination of peroxide value
6. Amino acids: Reactions of amino acids
7. Proteins: Estimation of proteins by Lowry’s method
8. Fatty acids: Estimation of free fatty acids
9. Determination of iodine number of vegetable oils
10. Vitamins: Estimation of Ascorbic acid;
11. Techniques: Paper chromatography
12. Thin layer chromatography
13. Isolation of DNA from onions
14. Electrophoresis of pigments extracted from flowers
15. Extraction of oil from oil seeds
16. Enzymes: Enzyme assay, Enzyme Immobilization.
Recommended books
1. Principles of Biochemistry – A.L. Lehninger
2. Elementary Biochemistry – E. T. Mertz
3. Outlines of Biochemistry – E.E. Conn, P.K.Stump, G.Bruening and R.H. Doi
4. Plant Biochemistry- J. Bonner and J. E. Verner
5. Principles of Biochemistry – A.C. Deb
5. Syllabus- INTRODUCTORY CROP PHYSIOLOGY
Introductory Crop Physiology
PP-111(HO)
2(1+1)
2(1+1)
Water Relations in Plants: Role of water in plant metabolism, osmosis inhibition, diffusion,
water potential and its components, measurement of water potential in plants, absorption of
water, mechanism of absorption and ascent of sap. Stomata: Structure, distribution,
classification, mechanism of opening and closing of stomata. Osmotic pressure, guttation,
stem bleeding; transpiration methods and mechanism and factors affecting transpiration.
Drought: Different types of stresses; water, heat and cold tolerance; mechanism of tolerance.
Plant Nutrition: Essentiality, mechanism of absorption and its role in plant metabolism.
Biological Nitrogen Fixation Photosynthesis, structure and function of chloroplast, dark and
light reactions, cyclic and non-cyclic electron transfer, CO2 fixation – C3, C4 and CA
metabolism, advantages of C4 pathway. Photorespiration and its implications, factors
affecting photosynthesis. Mode of herbicide action, Secondary metabolites and plant
defense.
Practical: Measurement of water potential, osmosis, root pressure, structure of the stomata,
distribution, opening and closing of the stomata, measurement, transpiration and calculation
of transpirational pull demonstration. Importance of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis,
pigment identification in horticultural crops and studying the enzyme activity of catalase,
estimation of phenols, studying plant movements, root initiation in cuttings.
THEORY
Sl No
Topic to be covered
1
Water Relations in Plants: Role of water in plant metabolism, osmosis imbibition,
diffusion, water potential and its components, measurement of water potential in
plants,
Absorption of water, mechanism of absorption and ascent of sap. Stomata:
Structure, distribution, classification, mechanism of opening and closing of stomata.
Osmotic pressure, guttation, stem bleeding; transpiration methods and mechanism
and factors affecting transpiration.
Drought: Different types of stresses; water, heat and cold tolerance; mechanism of
tolerance.
Plant Nutrition: Essentiality, mechanism of absorption and its role in plant
metabolism.
Biological Nitrogen Fixation
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
No. of
classes
2
2
1
3
2
1
Photosynthesis, structure and function of chloroplast, dark and light reactions,
cyclic and non-cyclic electron transfer, CO2 fixation – C3, C4 and CA metabolism,
advantages of C4 pathway. Photorespiration and its implications, factors affecting
photosynthesis.
Mode of herbicide action, Secondary metabolites and plant defense
3
2
TOTAL NUMBER OF CLASSES
PRACTICAL
Preparation of standard solution & Measurement of water potential,
1
19
1
2
Measurement of osmosis
1
3
Measurement of root pressure
1
4
Structure of the stomata, distribution, opening and closing of the stomata
2
5
Measurement, transpiration and calculation of transpirational pull demonstration
2
6
Importance of light and chlorophyll in photosynthesis
1
7
Pigment identification in horticultural crops
2
8
Studying the enzyme activity of catalase
2
9
Estimation of phenols
1
10
Studying plant movements
1
11
Root initiation in cuttings
2
TOTAL NUMBER OF PRACTICAL CLASSES
16
6. Syllabus
Fundamentals of Horticulture
FS111- 3 (2+1)
Economic importance and classification of horticultural crops and their culture and nutritive
value, area and production, exports and imports, fruit and vegetable zones of India and of
different states, nursery management practices, soil and climate, vegetable gardens, nutrition
and kitchen garden and other types of gardens – principles, planning and layout,
management of orchards, planting systems and planting densities. Production and practices
for fruit, vegetable and floriculture crops, nursery techniques and their management.
Principles objectives, types and methods of pruning and training of fruit crops, types and use
of growth regulators in horticulture, water management– irrigation methods, merits and
demerits, weed management, fertility management in horticultural crops-manures and
fertilizers, different methods of application, cropping systems, intercropping, multi-tier
cropping, mulching– objectives, types merits and demerits, Classification of bearing habits
of fruit trees, factors influencing the fruitfulness and unfruitfulness. Rejuvenation of old
orchards, top working, frame working, principles of organic farming, market chain
management.
Practical: Features of orchard, planning and layout of orchard, tools and implements, layout
of nutrition garden, preparation of nursery beds for sowing of vegetable seeds, digging of
pits for fruit plants, planting systems, training and pruning of orchard trees, preparation of
fertilizer mixtures and field application, preparation and application of growth regulators,
layout of different irrigation systems, identification and management of nutritional disorder
in fruits, assessment of bearing habits, maturity standards, harvesting, grading, packaging
and storage.
LECTURE OUTLINE (THEORY)
1. Definition of Agriculture, Definition of Horticulture, Its literal meaning, Origin of
Horticulture, Difference between Horticultural and Agricultural Crops, Difference
between fruits and vegetables,
2. Classification of horticultural crops: Pomology, Olericulture, Floriculture, Plantation
Crops, Spices and Condiments, Medicinal and aromatic Crops.Sub-division of individual
groups based on nature of growth, climate requirement, type of fruits, parts used,
botanical relationship, bearing behaviors, ripening and maturing behavior, Salinity, water
requirement, growing environment, light requirement& method of nursery raising.
3. Nutritive value of different horticultural crops with respect to Calcium, Iron,
Phosphorous, Vitamin-A, Vitamin B-2, Vitamin B-1, Vitamin-C, Carbohydrate, Fat,
Protein &Fiber, Area and production of Fruit crops, Vegetable crops, Ornamental crops
(Loose and cut flowers), Plantation crops, Species and Condiments, Export and import of
horticultural crops:- Export of fruits, processed products, Floriculture, Seeds and planting
materials, Species, Plantation crops, Medicinal and aromatic crops.
4. Fruits and vegetable zones of India andOdisha, Soils for growing horticultural cops:Alluvial, Tarai soils, Arid Soils, Black Soils, Red soils, Laterite Soils, Marshy Soils,
Characteristics of an ideal soil for horticulture, Climate for horticultural crops: Tropical, Sub-Tropical and Temperate.
5. Nursery Management - What is Nursery, Advantages of Nursery raising, Site for Nursery
Bed, Soil for nursery bed, Treatment of soil for nursery by solarization, formalin and
drenching, fungicides, insecticides, through heat, fumigation.Types of Nursery beds like
Flat bed, Raised bed, Sunken bed, Procurement of Seeds, Treatment of Seeds through
disinfestations, disinfection and protectant means, Advantages of line sowing.
6. General Nursery Management Practices, Specific nursery management practices
likePreparationof land, Sowing of Seeds, Water requirement, Weeding, Mulching,
Thinning, Pricking, Hoeing, Mulching. Growing Media: Characteristics of good growing
media, Types of medium: Soil, FYM, Sand, Moss, Perlite, Vermiculite, Peat, Saw
dust.Structure:- Green House, Lath House, Lot bed, Cold frame, Planting yard, Mother
plant block, Packing yard, Pot house, Compost pit, Net house.
7. Vegetable Gardening:- Types– Kitchen garden, market garden, Truck garden, Forcing
garden, Processing garden, Seed production garden, Floating garden.
8. What is Orchard?Guidelines for selection of site for Orchard, Climate and Soil for
Orchard, Important consideration for planning an Orchard, Layout of Orchard, Systems
of Planting: - Square system, Rectangular system, Hexagonal system, Quincunx system,
Triangular system and Contour System. Intensive planting systems: - High density
planting and Meadow orcharding
9. Definition of Training - Objectives of Training, Principles of Training, Important
consideration during Training, Methods of Training - Central leader system, Open center
system, Modified leader system.
10. Other special methods of Training:Bush system, Pyramid system, Bower system,
Espalier system. Cordon system, Kniffin system, Head system, Telephone system, Tatura
trellis system, Palmate, Spindle bush, Head and spread system
11. Pruning, its definition, Objectives of pruning, Principles of pruning, Time and amount of
pruning, Methods of pruning:- Heading back, Root pruning,Ringing, Notching, Nicking,
Smudging, Bending, Coppicing, Pollarding, Lopping, Pinching, Disbudding,
Containment pruning and Alternate differential pruning. Rejuvenation of old orchards,
top working, frame working.
12. Thinning: Definition, Objectives, Methods.
13. Plant Growth Regulators:Definition, Auxins: its discovery and role.Gibberellins : its
discovery and role, Cytokinins:its discovery and role
14. Ethylene : itsdiscovery and role, ABA :itsdiscovery and role
15. Role of water in plants, Requirement of water, Frequency of water to apply, Symptoms
of water stress condition, Irrigation:
Definition.
16. Systems of Irrigation - Methods of Irrigation :Flooding system, Check System, Basin
System, Ring basin system, Bed system, Furrow system, Pitcher System, Funnel System
17. Sprinkler irrigation system, Bubbler system, Drip irrigation system – Its advantages,
Components and dis advantages.
18. Fertigation, Calculation of Water requirement.
19. What is Weed?Different kind of losses caused by weeds, Weed control methods:
Preventive& Curative.
20. Importance of weed control through chemicals, Commonly growing weeds in
horticultural crops.
21. Classification of herbicides (Selective & Non selective, contact and systemic ,
soilfumigant, soil sterilant) : Mode of action of herbicides,calculation of herbicides
requirement
22. Fertilizer Management: Introduction, What is a manure?, What is a fertilizer?, Types of
manures (Bulky and Concentrated) Bulky organic and their nutrient content ( Cattle
manure, composts, Sewage and sludge, Leaf mould, Wood ash, coir dust, poultry
manure, sheep & goat manure, Green manure, Vermicompost and vermi wash).
23. Concentrated organic manures and nutrient content of Bone meal, Oil cake,Role of
Organic Manures, Fertilizers, Categorization of Fertilizers with examples: Simple /
Straight, Complex / Compound, Mixed, Complete, In Complete, Low analysis, High
analysis.
24. Precautions of mixing fertilizers: Types of chemical Fertilizers like Nitrogenous,
Phosphatic, Potassic, mixed, Complex and Bio fertilizers.
25. Nutrient content of different types of fertilizers,types of micro-nutrients.
26. Time and method of application of manures and Fertilizers, Fertilizer dose, INM,
Calculation of Fertilizer requirement
27. Cropping System: Introduction, Types of Cropping systems (Monoculture & multiple
cropping ,different types of multiple cropping like Inter cropping, Mixed cropping, relay
cropping,ratoon cropping, multi-storeyed.Crop Rotation:Introduction, types of Crop
rotation.
28. Mulching: Introduction, Merits and demerits of mulching, Mulch thickness and
calculation of mulching materials.
29. Bearing habit: Introduction, Classification of bearing habits, Division of fruit trees based
on bearing habit , Factors affecting fruitfulness.
30. Unfruitfulness:Introduction, Factors affecting unfruitfulness,Rejuvenation of old
orchards: Introduction, Top working and Frame working.
31. Principles of organic farming: Introduction, Definition, History, Basis,Importance,
Principles, and Characteristics.
32. Organizations associated with organic farming,components of organic farming
(Livestock, Crop, crop diversification, Organic manures, Vermicompost, Vermiwash &
Bio pesticides). market chain management.
33. Horticultural organizations, Epithets
B.PRACTICALS
1. Identification of Horticultural seeds and planting materials
2. Identification of Tools and implements
3. Features of Orchard
4. Planning and layout of orchard
5. Layout of Nutrition garden
6. Preparation of Nursery bed for sowing of seeds.
7. Digging of pits for fruit plants
8. Systems of planting of orchard trees.
9. Training and pruning of orchard trees.
10. Preparation of Fertilizer mixtures and field application
11. Preparation and application of plant growth regulation
12. Layout of different irrigation systems
13. Identification and management of different nutritional disorders in Fruit and
Vegetables
14. Assessment of bearing habit of fruit trees.
15. Judgment of maturity standards of fruit and vegetables and harvesting techniques
16. Methods of grading, packaging and storage.
7. Lecture Schedule for the course FL-111
Course Title – Principles of Landscape Architecture
Course No.- FL-111
Credit Hour – 1 (0+1),
Practical:- 16 classes
SyllabusPractical: Principles and elements of landscape design, plant material for landscaping,
symbols, tools and implements used in landscape design, layout of formal gardens, informal
gardens, special type of gardens (bog garden, sunken garden, terrace garden, rock garden)
and designing of conservatory and lathe house. Landscape design for specific areas.
Class No.
Practical Exercises
1
Principles of landscape design
2
Elements of landscape design
3
Plant material for landscaping,
4
Symbols, tools and implements used in landscape design,
5
Garden and garden features
6
Layout of formal gardens,
7
Layout of informal gardens,
8
Bog garden
9
Sunken garden
10
Terrace garden,
11
Rock garden
12
Designing of conservatory and lathe house
13
Designing of conservatory and lathe house
14
15
16
Landscape design for specific areas (Cities, Town, Hospital, Railway platform
and others)
PRACTICAL
Sl.No.
1
Exercise
Identification of different market
channel
No. Of Classes
1
2
Calculation of market integration
1
3
Calculation of marketing efficiency
1
4
Calculation of price spread for different
vegetables
2
5
Visit to different regulated markets
3
6
Calculation of IRR
1
7
Calculation of NPV
1
8
Calculation of BC ratio
1
9
Preparation of hypothetical project
2
10
Preparation of financial statement
1
11
Calculation of income statement
1
12
Calculation of net worth
1
Total number of classes
16
8. Principles of Genetics and Cytogenetics [PBG-111(HO)]- 3 (2+1)
Syllabus
Theory: Historical background of genetics, theories and hypothesis. Physical basis of
heredity, cell reproduction, mitosis, meiosis and its significance. Gametogenesis and
syngamy in plants. Mendelian genetics–Mendel’s principles of heredity, deviation from
Mendelian inheritance, pleiotropy, threshold characters, co-dominance, penetrance and
expressivity. Chromosome theory of inheritance, gene interaction. Modification of
monohybrid and dihybrid rations. Multiple alleles, quantitative inheritance linkage and
crossing over, sex linked inheritance and characters. Cytoplasmic inheritance and maternal
effects. Chemical basis of heredity, structure of DNA and its replication. Evidence to prove
DNA and RNA – as genetic material. Mutations and their classification. Chromosomal
aberrations, changes in chromosome structure and number.
Practical: Study of fixatives and stains. Squash and smear techniques. Demonstrations of
permanent slides and cell division, illustration in plant cells, pollen fertility and viability,
determination of gametes, Solving problems of monohybrid, dihybrid, and test cross ratios
using chi-square test, gene interactions, estimation of linkages using three point test cross
from F2 data and construction of linkage maps. Genetics variation in pea.
Theory
Serial
No.
Topic
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Historical background of genetics
Theories and hypothesis
Physical basis of heredity
Cell reproduction
Stages of Mitosis
Cytokinesis in Plant
Meiosis
Different Stages of Meiosis
Gametogenesis in plants
Syngamy in plants
Pre-Mendelian and Post Mendelian Periods
Mendelism - Mendelian Principles of Heredity
Penetrance and Expressivity
Chromosome theory of inheritance
Incomplete Dominance, Co- Dominance, Multiple Alleles, Pseudo
alleles
Chromosome theory of inheritance
Gene Interactions and Pleiotropism
Modification of monohybrid and dihybrid ratio
Linkage
Crossing Over
16
17
18
19
20
Number of
Lecture /
Lectures
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Chromosome Mapping – Three Point Test, Cross Interference and
Coincidance
Sex linked inheritance and characters
Cytoplasmic inheritance and maternal effects
Chemical basis of heredity and structure of DNA
DNA and its replication
DNA and RNA as genetic material
Nature of Genetic Materials – Experiments of Griffith, Avery, Mc Carty
and Mcleod.
Structural Chromosomal Changes in Chromosomes
Numerical Changes in Chromosomes- Classification of polyploids,
Aneuploidy and their Classification
Protein Synthesis
Mutation - Classification
Mutagens and their mode of action
Practical
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Serial
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Topic
Study of fixatives and stains
Squash and smear techniques
Demonstrations of permanent slides and cell division
Illustration in plant cells
Pollen fertility and viability
Determination of gametes
Solving problems of monohybrid
Solving problems of dihybrid
Test cross ratios using chi-square test
Test cross ratios using chi-square test
Gene interactions
Problems on Gene interactions
Estimation of linkages using three point test cross
Estimation of linkages using three point test cross from F2
data
15
Construction of linkage maps
16
Genetic variation in pea
Reference Book:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Number of Lecture /
Lectures
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Fundamentals of Genetics - B. D. Singh
A Text book Cytology, Genetics and Evolution – P. K. Gupta
Genetics – Snustad & Gardner (John Wiley Publications)
Genetics - M. W. Strickberger
Laboratory Techniques in Cytogenetics and Plant Breeding – S. S. Choudhury
and PrabhaChoudhary.
9. Syllabus:Course Title- Introductory Microbiology
Course No.- PPT-111(Ho) Credit hours- 2 (1+1)
Theory:History and Scope of Microbiology: The discovery of micro-organism, spontaneous
generation conflict, germ theory of diseases, microbial effect on organic and inorganic
matter. Development of microbiology in India and composition of microbial world.
Microscopy and Specimen Preparation: The bright field microscope, fixation, dyes and
simple staining, differential staining. Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cell structure and functions. Types of culture media and pre-culture techniques.
Microbial growth in models of bacterial, yeast and mycelia growth curve. Measurement of
bacterial growth. General properties of viruses and brief description of bacteriophages.
General principle of bacterial genetics, DNA as genetic material. Antibiosis, symbiosis,
intra-microbial and extra-microbial association. Sterilization methods – Physical and
chemical, Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures, Plant growth
promoting microorganisms and mushrooms – Economical importance, Industrially
important microorganisms in large scale production and common microbial
fermentations. Mushrooms- edible and poisonous types, nutritive values Culturing
and production techniques.
Practical:
Examination of natural infusion and living bacteria; examination of stained cells by simple
staining and Gram staining. Methods for sterilization and nutrient agar preparation. Broth
culture, agar slopes, streak plates and pour plats, turbid metric estimation of microbial
growth, mushroom culture- Spawn production, Culture and production techniques,
harvesting, packing and storage.
Course Title- Introductory Microbiology
Course No.- (PPT-111)(Ho)
Credit hours 2(1+1)
Lecture schedule (Theory)
Lecture No.
1
2&3
4
5
6&7
8
9
Topic
History and scope of Microbiology
The discovery of micro-organism, spontaneous generation
conflict, germ theory of diseases
Microbial effect on organic and inorganic matter
Development of microbiology in India and composition of
microbial world.
Microscopy and Specimen Preparation: The bright field
microscope, fixation, dyes and simple staining, differential
staining.
Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic
cell structure and functions.
Types of culture media and pre-culture techniques. Microbial
10
11
12
13
14
15 &16
growth in models of bacterial, yeast and mycelia growth curve.
Measurement of bacterial growth
General properties of viruses and brief description of
bacteriophages
General principle of bacterial genetics, DNA as genetic material.
Antibiosis, symbiosis, intra-microbial and extra-microbial
association
Sterilization methods – Physical and chemical, Isolation of
pure cultures and preservation of cultures
Mushrooms – Economical importance, Industrially
important microorganisms in large scale production and
common microbial fermentations
Mushrooms- edible and poisonous types, nutritive values,
culturing and production techniques.
Practical
Practical classes
Topic
1
Familiarization with instruments, materials, glassware etc. in a
microbiology laboratory
2
Examination of natural infusion and living bacteria
3&4
5
6&7
Examination of stained cells by simple staining and Gram staining.
Methods for sterilization
Methods of nutrient agar preparation, broth culture and agar
slopes
8
Methods of Streak plates and pour plates
9
Turbid metric estimation of microbial growth
10 & 11
12, 13 & 14
15 & 16
Mushroom culture- spawn production
Culture & production technique of mushroom
Harvesting, packing and storage of mushroom
10.
Communication Skills and Personality Development
BE-111(HO)
2(1+1)
Syllabus
Structural Grammar: Introduction of Word Classes; Structure of Verb in English; Uses of
Tenses; Study of Voice; Study of Conjunctions and Prepositions; Sentence Patterns in
English. Spoken English: Conversations of different situations in everyday life; the concept
of stress; stress shift in words and sentences; silent letters in words and pronunciation of
words with silent letters, the basic intonation patterns. Reading and comprehension of
general and technical articles, précis writing, summarizing, abstracting; individual and group
presentations, impromptu presentation, public speaking; Group discussion. Organizing
seminars and conferences.
Practical: Structural Grammar: Exercises in word classes, identification and study of verbs
in sentences, application of tenses and voice, exercises in conjunctions and prepositions,
other structural grammar exercises, report writing, letter writing (different types of letters).
Spoken English: Conversations of everyday life, the concept of stress; stress shift. Silent
letters in words, basic intonation patterns, preparing and address.
Theory:- 16 classes
Class No.
Portions to be taught
1
Introduction of Word Classes
2
Structure of Verb in English; Uses of Tenses;
3
Study of Voice
4,5, 6
Study of Conjunctions and Prepositions & Sentence Patterns in English
7-9
Spoken English: Conversations of different situations in everyday life; the concept
of stress; stress shift in words
10-11
Sentences; silent letters in words and pronunciation of words with silent letters, the
basic intonation patterns
12
13,14
Reading and comprehension of general and technical articles,
Précis writing,summarizing, abstracting
15
Individual and group presentations, impromptu presentation, public speaking;
Group discussion
16
Organizing seminars and conferences.
Practical - 16 Classes
Class No.
Practical Exercises
1-2
Structural Grammar
3
Exercises in word classes
4
Identification and study of verbs in sentences,
5-6
Application of tenses and voice
7
Structural grammar exercises,
8-12
Report writing, letter writing (different types of letters)
12
Spoken English: Conversations of everyday life,
13
Conversations of everyday life
14
Concept of stress; stress shift
15
Silent letters in words
16
Basic intonation patterns, preparing and address.
11. National Service Scheme
NSS-111 (HO) (0+1)
NSS: Orientation of students in national problems, study of philosophy of NSS,
fundamentals rights, directive principles of state policy, socio-economic structure of Indian
society, population problems, brief of five year plan. Functional literacy, non-formal
education of rural youth, eradication of social evils, awareness programmes, consumer
awareness, highlights of consumer act. Environment enrichment and conservation, health,
family welfare and nutrition.
Practical - 16 Classes
Class No.
Practical Exercises
1
Orientation of students in national problems like environmental pollution,
Illiteracy, Deforestation , health care, education, infrastructure, etc.
2
Philosophy of NSS
3
Fundamentals rights
4
Directive principles of state policy
5
Socio-economic structure of Indian society
6
Population problems
7
Functional literacy
8
Formal and Non-formal education of rural youth, eradication of social evils,
9-10
Awareness programmes, consumer awareness,
11-13
Environment enrichment and conservation, Watershed development etc
14-16
Family welfare and nutrition, Eradication of malnutrition in children etc.
PROPOSED ACTIVITY TO BE CONDUCTED
Sl No
Month
Proposed activity
th
05
August
06
September
Awareness progrmme on “Open Defecation Free” in the village Charpalli
October
Cleaning of Pond in the village Charpalli
Observation of Swachha Diwas on 2.10.2016 (sanitation in the village Gobindpalli)
07
Celebration of International Youth Day on 12 August, 2016
Aftercare and maintenance of saplings already planted during July
Awareness on maintenance of Community pond in the village Garmunda
08
November
Cleaning of road and surroundings in the village Charpalli
Blood Donation Camp at the College campus
09
December
Awareness on cleaning of surrounding of tourist site (Maa Ghanteswari
Temple) for cleanliness.(Cleaning of polythene and other waste
materials etc.)
Celebration of Women Day in Agriculture on 04.12.2016
10
Jaunary,17 Cleaning of College Campus and building
Awareness on benefits of Yoga on health
11
February,17 Cleaning of surroundings of Samaleswari, Ghanteswari and Maheswari
Girls’ Hostel
Awareness on benefits of Yoga on health
SPECIAL CAMP TO BE ORGANISED IN FEBRUARY
12
March, 17
Mulching, watering and after care in the plantations in the college
campus and orchard
Celebration of International Women’s Day