Chapter 18: Intellectual
Property, Academic Integrity,
and Avoiding Plagiarism
Historical Basis for the Concept of
Intellectual Property
What has value? How has
the concept of assigning
value evolved?
Agricultural Age – This has value:
Industrial Age – This has value:
Information age – this has value:
…and, oh yeah, these paper things have
value, too:
How do we protect the value of an idea?
We operate in a world that values
intellectual property.
Why credit sources in my essays?
Why credit sources in my essays?
Makes you and your argument
trustworthy? (audience appeal)
Why credit sources in my essays?
 Makes you (and your argument) trustworthy? (audience
appeal)
Proper citation illustrates that you have
done your research.
Why credit sources in my essays?
 Makes you (and your argument) trustworthy? (audience
appeal)
 Proper citation illustrates that you have done your
research.
Thinking through sources leads to closer
self-analysis of your writing.
Citing Sources and Recognizing
Plagiarism. Consider…
What we’ll be writing about this semester:
essays from the book.
Citing Sources and Recognizing
Plagiarism. Consider…
 What we’ll be writing about this semester: essays from
the book.
The responsibility of the writer
Citing Sources and Recognizing
Plagiarism. Consider…
 What we’ll be writing about this semester: essays from
the book.
 The responsibility of the writer
The societal view of plagiarism
Citing Sources and Recognizing
Plagiarism. Consider…
 What we’ll be writing about this semester: essays from
the book.
 The responsibility of the writer: student or professional
 The societal view of plagiarism
You don’t want to run afoul of the
Academic Integrity policy
Plagiarism can be:
Plagiarism can be:
A paraphrase too close to the original
source.
Plagiarism can be:
A paraphrase too close to the original
source.
Example:
Original: But certainly, the Monroe Doctrine
fueled an unparalleled period of American
colonialism.
Paraphrase: “some scholars feel that the
Monroe Doctrine fueled an unmatched era of
American colonialism.”
Plagiarism can be:
Omission of the parenthetical reference
Plagiarism can be:
Omission of the parenthetical reference.
Example:
But it is certain it caused an “unparalleled
period of American colonialism.”
Plagiarism can be:
Omission of the parenthetical reference.
Example:
But it is certain it caused an “unparalleled
period of American colonialism”.
Corrected:
But it is certain it caused an “unparalleled
period of American colonialism” (Melancon).
Plagiarism can be:
Failure to acknowledge the source of an
idea not your own.
Plagiarism can be:
Failure to acknowledge the source of an
idea not your own.
Example:
Original: But certainly, the Monroe Doctrine
fueled an unparalleled period of American
colonialism.
Failure to acknowledge: “I would argue that
American colonialism was fueled to a large
degree by the Monroe Doctrine.”
How to acknowledge a source
How to acknowledge a source
Quotation marks around the words you’re
directly quoting.
How to acknowledge a source
Quotation marks around the words you’re
directly quoting.
But Dunbar-Ortiz asserted that “the realization
of my own insignificance did not depress or
frighten me.”
How to acknowledge a source
 Quotation marks around the words you’re directly
quoting.
Cite source in the appropriate style (MLA,
APA, Chicago).
How to acknowledge a source
 Quotation marks around the words you’re directly
quoting.
Cite source in the appropriate style (MLA,
APA, Chicago).
But Dunbar-Ortiz asserted that “the realization
of my own insignificance did not depress or
frighten me” (216).
How to acknowledge a source
 Quotation marks around the words you’re directly
quoting.
 Cite source in the appropriate style (MLA, APA,
Chicago).
Include sources in Works Cited page.
How to acknowledge a source
 Quotation marks around the words you’re directly
quoting.
 Cite source in the appropriate style (MLA, APA,
Chicago).
Include sources in Works Cited page.
Works Cited
Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxie. Red Dirt. Norman OK: Univ of
Oklahoma Press, 2006. Print.
Things you should acknowledge:
Direct quotations
Facts that are not widely known
Arguable statements
Judgments, opinions, claims made by
others
Images, statistics, charts, illustrations
Collaboration
Source: Everything’s an Argument, 544
Exceptions (when you don’t have to cite)
Facts that are common knowledge
Facts available from a wide variety of
sources
Your own findings
Internet Sources
Internet Sources
You still have to cite them
Internet Sources
You still have to cite them
“Fair use” applies in this class
Internet Sources
You still have to cite them
“Fair use” applies in this class
Instances you should still ask for
permission:
Internet Sources
You still have to cite them
“Fair use” applies in this class
Instances you should still ask for
permission:
Personal communications
Graphics, images, and photos if it’s going to be
published outside of class. (Exception: pictures
published under open license, e.g., Creative
Commons)
And finally….collaboration:
Give credit to your collaborators.
Photos:
 "Corn at the Union Sq Farmer's Market" by Jeff Pierce. Creative Commons License.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/jeffpearce/254520406/. Web.
 "Eagle and Phenix Mills 1914" by Raymond Dukes Creative Commons License..
http://www.flickr.com/photos/57702050@N03/5443345378/. Web.
 "Bill Gates - World Economic Forum Annual Meeting New York 2002" by World
Economic Forum [CC-BY-SA-2.0 (www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via
Wikimedia Commons. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bill_Gates__World_Economic_Forum_Annual_Meeting_New_York_2002.jpg. Web.
 "Steve Jobs Co-founder of Apple Computer". Annie Banannie.Creative Commons
License. http://www.flickr.com/photos/35798605@N05/4310088820/. Web.
 "Mark Zuckerberg f8 Keynote" B.D. Solis. Creative Commons License.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/briansolis/2696198607/. Web.