ILMT Central Team
VM managers in a nutshell
IBM License Metric Tool 7.5
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VM managers in a nutshell
IBM License Metric Tool 7.5 – Questions & Answers
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ILMT Central Team Contact
■ IBM License Metric Tool Central Team (ICT)
Mailbox: [email protected]
Wiki: www.ibm.com/developerworks/mydeveloperworks/wikis/home/wiki/IBM+License+Metric+Tool
YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/user/IBMLicenseMetricTool
Forum: https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/connect/ibmlicensemetrictool
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VM managers in a nutshell
IBM License Metric Tool 7.5 – Questions & Answers
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Table of Contents
■ Introduction
VM manager types
Supported technologies
■ Architectural overview
■ Configuration
Users
Web addresses
Communication ports
■ Stand alone VM managers
■ Troubleshooting
■ Questions & Answers time
■ Survey
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VM managers in a nutshell
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■ Introduction
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VM managers – Introduction
■ Virtual machine manager (VM manager) is a particular source of data that is provided
by the virtualization vendor
■ VM managers are used to administer virtual machines in your IT infrastructure
■ VM managers are also used to access the date from the virtual machines to calculate
adequate:
processor value unit (PVU)
resource value unit (RVU)
systems capacity (STG license)
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VM managers – Introduction - VM manager types
■ VM managers can be divided according to their type.
Microsoft Hyper-V
VMware vSphere
• ESX
• ESXi
• vCenter
KVM
• RHEV-M
WebSphere CloudBurst Appliance
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VM managers – Introduction – Supported technologies
■ Not all of these virtualizations are supported. Three places should be
checked to make sure whether particular technology is supported by ILMT
and/or eligible for subcapacity.
Subcapacity eligibility:
• Eligible Processor Technologies
• Eligible Virtualization Technologies
ILMT support:
• Supported operating systems for agents
Eligible Processor Technologies:
http://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/passportadvantage/SubCapacity/Eligible_Processor_Technology.pdf
Eligible Virtualization Technologies:
http://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/passportadvantage/SubCapacity/Eligible_Virtualization_Technology.pdf
Supported operating systems for agents:
http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/tivihelp/v53r1/topic/com.ibm.lmt75.doc/com.ibm.license.mgmt.upgrading.doc/r_su
pported_platforms_agents_upg.html
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■ Architectural overview
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VM managers – Architectural overview
Virtual Cluster
Virtual Machine 1
ILMT Server
Virtual Machine 2
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
■ Infrastructure
Virtual cluster with three virtual machines
ILMT server with its database and user interface to access it
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VM managers – Architectural overview (cont.)
Subcap software
Virtual Cluster
ILMT Server
Virtual Machine 1
Virtual Machine 2
ILMT Agent
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
ILMT
■ IBM software on subcapacity licensing model is installed on the first virtual
machine
■ ILMT agent is also installed there to monitor PVU consumption of that
software
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VM managers – Architectural overview (cont.)
Virtual Cluster
Virtual Machine 1
ILMT Agent 1
ILMT Server
Virtual Machine 2
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
■ The agent performs a hardware scan and sends the results to the server
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VM managers – Architectural overview (cont.)
Virtual Cluster
Virtual Machine 1
ILMT Agent 1
ILMT Server
Virtual Machine 2
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
Agent 1
■ The server processes the data and stores the results in its database
■ The server discoveres that some hardware data is missing, and signals this
fact on web UI by setting the status of Agent 1 to incomplete
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VM managers – Architectural overview (cont.)
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine 1
ILMT Agent 1
User A
ILMT Server
Virtual Cluster
Virtual Machine 2
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
Pending
■ VM administrator configures the virtual environment
User account e.g. User A is created on hypervisor
User is granted read-only rights to Virtual Machine 1 and all objects higher in the hierarchy
■ ILMT inventory administrator configures the VM manager in ILMT UI
Provides the address of the VM manager
Provides User A credentials to access it
Checks connection
Newly created VM manager is created with pending status
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VM managers – Architectural overview (cont.)
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine 1
ILMT Agent 1
User A
ILMT Server
Virtual Cluster
Virtual Machine 2
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
OK
■ ILMT server asks hypervisor for necessary data available for the defined user e.g. User A
■ Hypervisor provides the answer
information about the hosts/ESX server like
• UUID, parent ID (ID of the cluster if the host is in a cluster), hostname, processor vendor, processor
description, number of physical processors, number of total processor cores on the machine, power
state (on/off), connection state (connected / disconnected / not-responding)
information about the clusters
• UUID and name (with information about the datacenter name in which the cluster is)
■ This interaction is cyclic and takes place every 30 minutes by default
■ Status of the VM manager changes on the Web UI to OK
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VM managers – Architectural overview (cont.)
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine 1
ILMT Agent 1
User A
ILMT Server
Virtual Cluster
Virtual Machine 2
Virtual Machine 3
TLMA DB
TIP Web UI
Agent 1
■ ILMT server inserts all the received data to its database ‘as it is’
■ ILMT server matches data received with the agents in the infrastructure, for
matched ones, complete dataset is created in the database
■ Agent status changes to OK
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■ Configuration
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VM managers – Configuration
■ Operations available for VM managers
Adding
Modifying
Removing
■ Changes to a VM manager or creation of a new one require communication
between the ILMT server and the VM manager – VM manager pooling
Such a communication is done once every half an hour by default
To change the frequency, modify the value of the
vmManagerPollingInterval parameter
• setserverconf -k vmManagerPollingInterval -v 30
Value range is between 30 mins and 10080 mins (7 days)
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VM managers – Configuration - Users
■ When you enter the user name, remember that different definitions of users
are used for Microsoft Hyper-V, VMware, and RHEV-M
For Hyper-V, the user is defined as user_name\domain, e.g.:
admin\ibm.com
For vSphere, the user is defined as domain\user_name, e.g.:
ibm.com\admin
For RHEV-M, the user is defined as user_name@domain, e.g.:
[email protected]
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VM managers – Configuration – Web address
■ When you enter the IP or hostname of a VM manager, remember that it will
be automatically packed into a template
For Hyper-V, the template is defined as https://virtualcenter/sdk, e.g.:
myHost
https://myHost/sdk
For vSphere, the template is defined as https://hyper-v/wsman, e.g.:
1234:56:78:9:0:abcd:e:f
https://1234:56:78:9:0:abcd:e:f/wsman
For RHEV-M, the template is defined as https://rhev-m:8443/api, e.g.:
123.45.678.9
https://123.45.678.9:8443/api
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VM managers – Configuration – Communication ports
■ The communication ports may be redefined. Here is the list of default values
for different technologies:
For Hyper-V Windows Remote Management (WinRM) is used:
• WinRM 1.1 and earlier: HTTP
• WinRM 2.0:
HTTP
80,
5985,
HTTPS
HTTPS
443
5986
80,
HTTPS
443
HTTPS
8443
For vSphere SDK client is used:
•
HTTP
For Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization:
•
HTTP
8080,
Windows Remote Management: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa384372%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
Red Hat Enterprise Virtualization: https://access.redhat.com/site/documentation/enUS/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Virtualization/3.0/html/Installation_Guide/sect-Installation_GuideInstalling_the_RHEV_Manager-Configuration.html
VMware vSphere 5.1 Documentation Center https://pubs.vmware.com/vsphere51/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.vmware.vsphere.upgrade.doc%2FGUID-8B33C689-1501-4D87-9E8053FF45D920F2.html
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■ Stand alone VM managers
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Stand alone VM managers – Introduction
■ Starting from ILMT version 7.5.0115 (Fix Pack 1, interim fix 15) there is an option to
use the VM manager data collector – a stand-alone component that is an alternative to
the server-side component
■ To be used when direct communication between the ILMT server and the VM
manager is not allowed
■ The information in the stand-alone solution is transported by ILMT agents
■ Both solutions can be combined for one ILMT server. However, due to simplicity of
administration and configuration as well as the way the data is kept, it is
recommended to use server-side component wherever it is possible
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Stand alone VM managers – Coverage and Requirements
■ VM manager data collector
is supported on selected
operating systems
requires additional resources
• ~250MB hard disk space
requires extra computing power
that it will use
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Stand alone VM managers – Configuration
■ VM manager data collector is configured by
properties files on the machine where it is installed
Global configuration file
VM manager configuration file
Log configuration file
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Stand alone VM managers – Virtual machine filtering
■ You filter virtual machines by a universally unique identifier (UUID) to select
only those machines whose capacity and topology data is to be included in
the final report.
■ The VM manager matches UUIDs of selected guests. To stay compliant,
enough virtual machine units must be included in the report. When you
enable UUID-based filtering, all of the non-selected guests, empty hosts,
and clusters are removed.
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Stand alone VM managers – Implication
■ New column is added to the VM managers table – Manager Mode
■ Changes to the standalone VM managers cannot be done via Web UI
■ Two additional parameters appear in the CLI:
Name: vmManagerMergerTime
Value: 18:00
Name: maxWaitingForVMData
Value: 7
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■ Troubleshooting
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VM managers – Troubleshooting
■ There are indicators which inform that something is wrong with VM
managers. The most common are:
VM Manager
• Status of the VM managers is different than OK
Agent
• Incomplete status of agent
• TLM_VM_*** value in the Server ID column on the Agents panel
Audit report
• TLM_VM_*** value in the Server ID column on the audit report
• Incorrect PVU calculation on the audit report
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VM managers – Troubleshooting (cont.)
■ There are nine different statuses of VM managers
■ The goal is to have all VM managers in the OK status
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Incorrect transport protocol
■ Make sure that you use the correct transport protocol
The default one may not be the right one
Administrator may change the protocol over time
■ Hint – change HTTPS to HTTP or vice versa
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Invalid communication port
■ Make sure that you use the correct communication port
The port may be blocked by a firewall or any other security element
The default one may not be the right one
Administrator may change the port over time
■ Hint – check if a particular port is open and make sure that you use an
adequate port for your transport protocol
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Invalid credentials
■ Make sure that the password which you provided is correct
Password may expire
Security policy may force periodic change of the password so the
password is already different
■ Hint – try to log in directly to the VM Manager by using the same credentials
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Invalid credentials (cont.)
■ Make sure that the user name which you provided is correct
User name may require the full name (with domain)
Administrator may remove the user or its access from the VM Manager
■ Hint – try to log in directly to the VM Manager by using the same credentials
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Duplication
■ If the status of a VM manager is Duplicated address, simply remove such a
manager
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Unnecessary VM manager
■ Remove any VM manager that you find unnecessary, especially when it is
not in the OK state
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Missing VM manager
■ If your virtual machine does not have an appropriate VM manager defined,
simply add it.
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Missing VM manager (cont.)
■ Agent running on a virtual machine whose VM manager is not defined, will
remain in incomplete status
■ To view matched connections between agents and VM managers, use the
following SQL query. It fetches the relations between agents and their VM
managers (if they exist)
SELECT a.hostname,
m.url AS vm_manager
FROM custom.agent_v a
JOIN custom.layer_agent_rel_v rel ON a.id = rel.agent_id
AND rel.end_time = '9999-12-31 00:00:00.0'
AND a.deleted_time IS NULL
JOIN custom.layer_v l ON l.id = rel.layer_id
JOIN custom.node_v n ON l.base_layer_id = n.id
LEFT JOIN custom.vm_manager_v m ON m.id = n.vm_manager_id
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Insufficient rights
■ If the connection works fine but the agent remains in the incomplete state,
check whether the user that was defined to conect to the hypervisor has
sufficient permissions to appropriate objects from the virtualization hierarchy
(virtual machines and hosts)
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Duplicated UUID of VMs
■ It may happen that a universal unique identifier (UUID) of a VM is duplicated
within the monitored IT environment. It is a reason of constant changes and
recalculation of agent’s data. In consequence, it causes periodic or
permanent incomplete status of agents that run on VMs with the same UUID.
■ To discover such a situation, use the below SQL query
WITH vmlayertmp (id) AS
( SELECT layer_id
FROM
(SELECT agent_id,layer_id
FROM custom.layer_agent_rel_v
WHERE end_time = '9999-12-31 00:00:00.0'
GROUP BY agent_id, layer_id) AS tmp
GROUP BY layer_id HAVING count(*) > 1)
SELECT a.hostname,
a.ip_address,
m.url AS vm_manager
FROM custom.agent_v a
JOIN custom.layer_agent_rel_v rel ON a.id = rel.agent_id
AND rel.end_time = '9999-12-31 00:00:00.0'
AND a.deleted_time IS NULL
JOIN vmlayertmp tmp ON tmp.id = rel.layer_id
JOIN custom.layer_v l ON l.id = rel.layer_id
JOIN custom.node_v n ON l.base_layer_id = n.id
LEFT JOIN custom.vm_manager_v m ON m.id = n.vm_manager_id
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – Logs
■ To debug VM managers functionality, check server logs
■ Location of traces: <Tivoli_common_dir>\COD\logs\admin\trace\traceN.log
e.g. /usr/ibm/tivoli/common/COD/logs/admin/trace/trace.log
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VM managers – Troubleshooting – PMR program
■ If the presented troubleshooting tips fail and the logs do not give you any
clue how to fix the situation, contact ILMT support through the Problem
Management Record program.
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VM managers in a nutshell
IBM License Metric Tool 7.5
Questions & Answers
© 2014 IBM Corporation