Fire and Sound Control Solutions
for Sustainable Habitat in Ontario
- October 3, 2016
OBOA's vision statement; "Ensuring a safer and
a more sustainable and accessible Ontario by
advancing the building official profession."
Credit: EllisDon
CertainTeed; “Offers highperforming, affordable
product/system knowledge
that enhances the comfort
and well being of any
building.”
• 2012 Code & 2015 NBCC (ASTC)
• Firewalls/Fire Separations/Sound PT 3 & 9-Non.
Combustible
• Fire Separations/Sound PT 3 & 9-Combustible
• Part 9 Basement (Secondary) Suites
• Plans checking/ inspection Insights
• Safety & Sustainable Knowledge Re-cap
Agenda
• Why Fire Protection & Sound Control Solutions
Why fire & sound, safer and more sustainable
solutions are needed now?
- POPULATION GROWTH + HIGHER DENSITY REQUIRED FOR SUSTAINABILITY
- AFFORDABILITY ISSUES + MULTI-FAMILY LIVING (SHARED WALLS)
- PRIVACY CONCERNS AND EXCESSIVE NOISE POLLUTION
- GREEN DESIGN
- LEED OFFERING “ACOUSTIC COMFORT CREDITS”
- GROWING RETROFIT / REMODELING MARKET = PUSHING HIGHER PERFORMANCE
- DEMAND FOR HEALTHY WORK AND WELL-BEING ENVIRONMENTS
- NOISE IMPACTS HEALTH:
- LEADS TO STRESS
- MUSCLE TENSION
- IRRITABILITY
- BLOOD PRESSURE; ULCERS, ADRENALINE……
• RESULTING IN HIGHER 2015 NBCC CODE REQUIREMENTS
(See Link provided at end of presentation for Canada Building Science Blog)
Sound Control in Codes
Applicable Building Codes
•
2015 NBCC 2015 – National Building Code of Canada
•
2012 (2017) OBC – Ontario Building Code
• Major provinces
expected to adopt in
2017
• Some jurisdictions such
as the Port of
Vancouver have already
adopted
5/
Sound Control Codes Update
Applicable Building Code Requirements for Part 3, Part 9 & Secondary Suites in Residential Buildings
2012 OBC & Fire Codes
Acoustic
Requirements for
Firewalls in multi-unit
STC for Walls Between
Adjacent Dwelling Units
and Corridors
STC for Walls
Between Residential
Dwelling Units &
Elevator Shafts &
Refuse Chute
STC 50
STC 50
STC 55
NBCC 2015 Code
Requirements Coming to
Ontario in 2017
ASTC 47 or
STC 50
ASTC 47 or
STC 50
STC 55
New STC/ASTC Noise Control Requirements
2015 NBCC: Minimum requirements for secondary suites in (Part 9)
houses with gypsum fire separations (~50% ROI) STC 43 or ASTC 40
6/
How to achieve ASTC compliance?
• Field testing – post completion
• Use NBCC specified solutions
– NRC flanking facility study
– Gypsum Association sponsored – No laminated board system was tested
& included
• Use Prediction method (ISO 15712/10848) with “joint” structure
– CertainTeed SAINT-GOBAIN is the first to adopt this approach
CT-Functional Platform Review, July 19-20, 2016
7
ASTC Sound Control Testing Update
• Sustainability requires better acoustics for well-being
• The only third party National Research Council of Canada
(NRC) ASTC tested system with core laminated boards
• Intended to be published by NRC as supplement to RR-331
• Preliminary results show better and best ASTC ratings with
SilentFX QC for wood stud systems
• Of course, OBOA does not endorse products; however
OBOA does ensure more sustainable knowledge for Ontario
Presentation title
8/
Firewalls/Fire Separations/Sound PT 3 & 9;
Non-Combustible (N-C) Assemblies
Firewalls – Separate Buildings and may require
ratings up to 4 hours
How Gypsum Retards Heat Transmission
(OBOA BUILDING KNOWLEDGE 1)
Temperatures after two hour exposure
to heat following ASTME 119
Plane of
Calcination
Mineral water molecules are released
as steam
1038 C (1900 F)
510 C (950 F)@25 mm
104 C (220 F)@50 mm
82 C (180 F)@102 mm
54 C (130 F)@152 mm
Typical Characteristics of a Gypsum
N-C Firewall
• Non-load bearing assemblies
• Offers two-hour fire resistance ratings
• Continuous from the foundation to the underside of the
protected roof sheathing or continues through the roof to
form a parapet
• Designed to allow for collapse of the construction on the
side of the wall exposed to fire without collapse of the
separation wall
• Can achieve STC ratings of 61
2 hour Firewall 3-D Details
½” (12.7 mm) CertainTeed Gypsum Board
2” x 4” (39 mm x 99mm) wood studs
CertainTeed Noise Reducing Insulation
1” (25.4 mm) M2Tech® Shaftliner (2 layers)
¾” (19mm) Air Space
H Stud 2” (51mm) x 24” (610mm) o.c.
Back to Back C-Track
2” (51mm) x 2 ¼” (57mm) Aluminum Clips
Fire Blocking as required
Gypsum Shaftliner Panels
• 40 years ago gypsum board was engineered as a 25 mm (1”)
shaftwall materials that helped make this design approach possible
• Panels are 25 mm (1”) thick, 609 mm (24”) wide
• Available in lengths of 2.4 to 3.7 metres (8 to 12 ft.)
• Available in 3 facing options (For enhanced durability)
– Moisture resistant paper-faced
– Treated mould-moisture resistant paper-faced
– Glass mat-faced
• Paper-faced gypsum shaftliners meet ASTM C1396, Standard
Specification for Gypsum Board
• Glass mat gypsum shaftliners meet ASTM C1658, Standard
Specification for Glass Mat Gypsum Panels
Firewall Components
H-STUD
•
Base Metal Thickness (BMT)
0.455 mm (25 gauge)
•
Holds the two 1” (25.4 mm)
thick gypsum shaftliner panels
together
•
Helps anchor the ASW to the
interior framed walls
C-TRACK
ALUMINUM BURN CLIP
•
Connects area separation
wall to the interior framed
walls
•
Used at the foundation,
at the ends and at the
top to cap each section
•
Soften and melt during a
fire, allowing the framing
within the burning unit to
collapse away from the
ASW
•
Encloses the gypsum
panels
Gypsum Firewall Assemblies
• Fire-rated gypsum firewall systems
consist of the aforementioned
components assembled to achieve the
desired fire resistance rating
• Ratings are 2 hours
• Paneled components come from one
manufacturer and are tested together as
a functional unit
• Tested in accordance with:
– Underwriters Laboratories of Canada
(CAN/ULC) S101, Fire Endurance Tests
of Building Construction and Materials
– Numerous ULC designs are available
for inclusion in plans and specifications
Fire Protection at the Roofline
Vertical
• The fire wall runs continuously from
the foundation to a line extending
30” (762 mm) above both adjacent
roofs
Horizontal
• Fire-Retardant Treated Plywood
• Extends 4’ (1.22 m) horizontally in
both directions from the firewall
• Red dye for identification
• 5/8” (15.9 mm) Type X Gypsum
Board Underlayment
• Extends 4’ (1.22 m) to either side of
the firewall.
• Held in place using ledger strips
Gypsum Firewall System
• •Moderate
costand
and
size
Moderate cost
size
Easy to
to install
• •Easy
install
Built between shared walls
• •Built
between shared walls
• Will collapse inwards in case of
• Will
fire collapse inwards in case
fire
•ofAdvantages:
• No extensive labor and risk
• Advantages:
Constructed
parallel
• •No
extensiveinlabor
andwith
riskthe rest
of the building
• Constructed in parallel with the
• Installed year-round
rest of the building
• Acoustic performance
• Installed year-round
• Disadvantages:
• Acoustic performance
• Height limitations
• Disadvantages:
• Height limitations
•
• As of 2010, the construction industry moved to a 20.7 m
(68’) height as homes are being built with higher ceilings
• Gypsum Firewalls are built starting in the basement rather
than on the first floor
Code Considerations
•
Per National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) & Ontario Building Code
(OBC) Firewalls:
•
•
•
•
•
Must be constructed of approved
materials
•
•
•
Gypsum is inherently noncombustible
Aluminum breakaway clips permit the collapse
of the wall in the direction of the fire
Are penetrations through the Firewall
allowed?
•
•
•
•
Restricts the spread of fire
Extends continuously from the foundation to or through the roof
Sufficient stability to allow collapse of construction on either side without collapse of the
firewall
Article 3.1.10
Openings addressed in Article 3.1.10.5
A through-penetration firestop system
Fire-resistance rating equal to the firewall
Air transfer penetrations are prohibited
Firewall Exposed to Fire from Either Side
• Fire Test: ULC W311
•
•
•
2 hour rating
Several configurations available
Maximum height of 13.21 m (44’)
• STC Rating of 61
• Wall Thickness: 292 mm (11½”)
General Sound Control-Top 5 Rules of Thumb
Note: STC points not cumulative.
Credit:
N-C Fire Separation Sound Systems
(Example excerpts from Code Tables)
More Fire Separation Sound N-C Systems
(Example from BUILDING KNOWLEDGE 1)
Consider for OBC requirements for Non-Combustible
stair shafts in 6 storey wood buildings
SilentFX Noise Reducing Gypsum Board
• Better/Best Acoustical Performance due to visoelastic polymer
noise reducing laminated core innovative gypsum
– STC ratings of 50+ and ASTC 47+
• Good Fire Resistance
– Available in 5/8” Type X, UL Listed
• Mould Resistance for resiliency
– Best possible score per ASTM D3273
• Abuse Resistance for durability
– Indentation: 1
– Soft body: 1
– Surface Abrasion: 1
• Low-Emitting Material
– GREENGUARD Gold Certification
• High-Density Core for energy efficiency
– Provides increased mass
SilentFX QC More N-C systems
• More reliable than clips and channels
–
–
Board cannot be short circuited during installation
More consistent lab to field STC results
• Improves performance across all frequency ranges
–
More Reliable
Addresses high and low frequency noises that
double layer gypsum board cannot
• Real Estate savings (more M² or square feet to sell)
–
Achieves high STC ratings with less material & thinner wall systems
• Reduces complaints, call backs and repairs costs
–
Short circuits in the wall, interior finishes and lawyers very costly
2 layers without SilentFX: STC 55
Wall thickness: 15.55 mm (6.125”)
With 1 layer of SilentFX: STC 55
Wall thickness: 12.38 mm (4.875”)
Fire Separations/Sound PT 3 & 9
- Combustible Assemblies (CA)
(Including new 6 storey wood frame)
Double Wood Stud System
• Two layers of fire-rated type X
gypsum board on each side of a
single, staggered or double row
wood stud frame wall
• Provides the required 2 hour fire
resistance rating (UL U301)
• Benefits:
•
•
•
•
Fast construction
No special tools or labor
No scaffolding
Can construct during cold periods
CA Fire Separation Sound Systems
(Example excerpts from Code Tables)
CA Fire Separation Sound Systems
(Example excerpts from Code Tables)
SilentFX QC Noise Reducing Gypsum Systems
• Easier than resilient channels
–
–
Board cannot be short circuited during installation
More consistent lab to field STC results
• Improves performance across all frequency ranges
–
Addresses high and low frequency noises that
double layer gypsum board cannot
• Real Estate savings (more M² or square feet to sell)
–
Achieves high STC ratings with less material allowing for thinner wall systems
2 layers & rc without SilentFX: STC 55
With 1 layer of SilentFX: STC 55
Wall thickness: 16.5 mm (6.5”)
Wall thickness: 17.15 mm (6.75”)
Additional Fire Safety measures are required
during construction for multi-unit (wood) projects
- Gypsum passive
protection
- Suppression
- Early warning
- Monitoring
Part 9 Basement
(Secondary) Suites
New or Existing Suites
Consider 2015 NBCC as Code Alternative
OBOA BUILDING KNOWLEDGE 2
- Fire separations
must be
continuous
- All penetrations
must be provided
with sealant and
putty
Plans Checklist/
Inspection Insights
Sustainable Sound Control Solutions for
Institutional and other Occupancies
• In one study, heart attack patients exhibited
higher pulse in a poor acoustic environment
than in a good acoustic environment at
nighttime. This impact is greater at night
because background noise tends to be
lower, making noise disturbances more
noticeable and stressful.
Source: Acoustical Society: Acoustics of Classrooms
http://acousticalsociety.org/about_acoustics/acoustics_of_classrooms
Source: Ceilings & Interior Systems Construction Association: Acoustics in Healthcare Environments
http://www.cisca.org/files/public/Acoustics%20in%20Healthcare%20Environments_CISCA.pdf
Blocking Sound Transmission Insights
• Lightweight double-leaf walls
– These have lower mass than solid walls, have been shown to attenuate noise
from one room to another
– Adding acoustic fiberglass insulation between the walls increases the STC
– It isn’t practical to rely solely on mass to attenuate noise
– Increasing the mass of the insulated wall by adding a layer of gypsum
wallboard on each side sufficiently raises the STC rating
– Noise transmission through the wall can be reduced by eliminating direct
connection of the gypsum wallboard to the wood studs using resilient
channels or viscoelastic polymer noise reducing gypsum.
– Noise transmission can be further increased by using double or staggered
studs
• Allows for the doubling of the thickness of the fiber glass sound-absorbing
insulation in the wall cavity
Construction Plan Details (Example)
• Fire Blocking
• Prevents the passage of smoke, hot
gasses and flames between floors
• Use fire resistant material to plug the
19mm (¾” ) space between the
shaftliner panel and the wood framing
• Also in attic for gaps between the
truss lines and top plate
• Various kinds of blocking materials
• Providing the Proper Air Space
• Between a unit’s interior framing and
the firewall
• Air layer has insulative properties
• Helps protect the firewall
• Also deters the propagation of
structure-borne sound
ASTC Sound Control-Wood Studs
Good
Good Code Alternative
Cross Laminated Timber
(CLT)
and steel stud ASTC tests in
the works
39 /
Inspect for incorrectly installed fasteners
Fasteners that penetrate the resilient channel and
stud cause sound short circuits
Inspect for Sealants and Putty Pads
Presentation title
41 /
Fire-Resistance & Sound Control Inspection
Gypsum blocking and
listed fire stops(red arrow)
Fire-Resistance Construction Inspection
2 layers 15.9mm Type X
gypsum with listed fire
stops rough in
Safety & Sustainable Knowledge Re-cap
Gypsum/metal stud firewall and fire separation sound control systems
provide good & better (alternate) Code solutions
Gypsum/wood stud fire separation sound control systems with staggered
or double stud walls provide good & better (alternate) Code solutions
Gypsum innovative firewall, fire separation and sound control systems
provide good & better (alternate) Code solutions
Cavity insulation in fire separation and sound control systems provide
good Code solutions
Sealant and putty in firewalls, fire separations and sound control systems
provide good Code solutions
OBOA does ensure more sustainable knowledge for Ontario
Advance Building Knowledge
in Your Community
-Important Information
-Fire ratings; continuous
barrier; existing gypsum
acceptable; 30 min.
rating
Wood paneling & open
joists not acceptable
- Need fire separations,
early warning, means of
egress &suppression
Fire & Sound Design Manual (free)
• Includes multiple
systems & details
Firewalls Building
Knowledge Insights (free)
• In-person Seminars
• Building Insight Architect Symposiums
• Online Courses
Resources
Canada Building Science Blog;
http://blog.certainteed.com/category/building-science/canadian-codes/
Underwriters’ Laboratories of Canada:
http://database.ul.com/cgibin/XYV/template/LISCANADA/1FRAME/index.html
Free CertainTeed Canada Gypsum Board Systems Manual:
http://www.certainteed.com/resources/CTG_4080_Gypsum_Board_Sys
tems_Manual_Eng.pdf
Free CertainTeed Firewall Building Knowledge Literature:
http://www.certainteed.ca/building-science/fire-performance/
Robert Marshall (Bob) Marshall P. Eng., BDS, LEED AP, BD+C, Building Science
Manager-Canada
[email protected]
Bob Hartogsveld, Architectural Solutions Manager- Central Ontario
[email protected] (905) 330-0753
This presentation is protected by Canadian and international copyright laws. Reproduction and distribution of
this presentation without written permission of the sponsor is prohibited.  CertainTeed Corp.