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Reconstruction: Rebuilding the South, socially and
economically, after the Civil War
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Radical Republicans: Wanted to punish the South
and help African-Americans achieve equality by giving
them the right to vote
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Freedman's Bureau
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Fed and clothed refugees in South
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Helped former slaves find work on plantations
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Established schools
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The 17th President: Andrew Johnson (1865-1869)
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Lincoln's Vice-President
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Was a moderate in Reconstruction, like Lincoln
“Black Codes”
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Laws in the South that discriminated against AfricanAmericans
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Radical Reconstruction
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More harsh towards South than Lincoln and
Johnson's moderate plan
Created by Republicans in Congress
The 14th Amendment
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Introduced by the Radical Republicans
Granted citizenship to all persons born or
naturalized in the United States
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Military Reconstruction
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Nullified Johnson's Reconstruction programs
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Divided the South into five military districts
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The 18th President: Ulysses S. Grant (18691877)
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The 15th Amendment
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“The Right to vote shall not be denied on account of
race, color, or previous condition of servitude”
Angered many southern Whites
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“Carpetbaggers”
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People from the north that moved south to help
rebuild
“Scalawags”
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Southerners on the side of the north and
Reconstruction
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Sharecropper
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People given land to farm
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They paid “rent” in crops, not money
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Many African-Americans
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Debt and the need for credit kept many AfricanAmericans in a slavery-like condition