LAST CLASS BEFORE THE EXAM: REVIEW
BE GOING TO AND WILL
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We use will when we want to talk about the future in general
or at the moment of making a decision.
Once this decision is made, we use going to.
For example: You didn't tell Jean about the party, right? I'll
let him lknow. I'm gping to call him.
If you are make a future prediction which is made on
evidence in the present, you also use going to.
You can't see the sky and these clouds are black. It's going
to rain for sure.
Present Simple and Present Continous for future
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Present continous → for plans and arrangements.
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What are you gping to do tonight?
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I'm meeting some friends.
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Present simple → timetable, schedules, itineraries...
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My train leaves at 8 o'clock.
Future Continous and Future Perfect
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Future continous: something that will be in progress in the
future.[will be+ ing) Estaré estudiando a las 8 / I will be
studying at 8.
Future Perfect: something will be finished at a given time in
the future. [will + have+ de/3rd col] The football match will
have finished at 0.00h.
Have to / don't have to
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It shows obligation or necessity and it is usually imposed by
an external authority.
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Ex. You have to have a passport to travel to
The United States.
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Don't have to → it is not necessary /
obligatory
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You don't have to wear an uniform to come
to school.
Must / musn't
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Obligation → personal
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Your mum → You mustn't forget your passport.
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→ You must do your homework.
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Can / can't
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You can't play computer games in class, but you can' use
the computers.
Should/ shouldn't / ought to / had better
To ask for advice and recommendations
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Ought to / had better → not in negative
Had better has a stronger sense. Your mum would tell you:
You'd better study or you will fail.
You should study. You shouldn't play computer games so
much.
You ought to brush your teeth before you go to sleep.
First Conditional
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Possible and probabile situations and their consequences.
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If you don't do your homework, your
teacher will give you a negative mark.
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[if + present simple], [will+ v]
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[will + v] [if+ present simple]
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Your teacher will give you a negative if you
don't work.
Second Conditional
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Imaginary or improbable situations and their consequences.
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Ex. If I won the lottery, I would travelaround
the world.
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[if + past simple], [would + v]
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[would + v] [if + past simple]
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I would travel around the world if I won the
lottery.