red and green are opposites
assume red and green cancel each other
net color = neutral
take away one red
take away one red
net color = 1 green
take away two red
take away two red
net color = 2 green
net color = neutral
net color = 2 red
in this arrangement…
green is trapped inside.
Only red balls
can be added or
taken away…
color = 2 green
color = 1 red
color = ?
3 red
color = ?
3 green
In order to understand
what ions are,
we need to know that…
the particles
that make up atoms
have either
positive or negative charge
+
+
+
+
+
positive and negative are opposites
+
+
they cancel each other out
+
+
+
net charge = zero
+
+
+
+
+
the positive (+) particle is called a
proton
+
the negative (-) particle is called an
electron
in an atom,
protons ( + ) are in
the center
and electrons ( )
are on the outside
+ ++
+ +
Only valence electrons ( )
can be added
or taken away
+ ++
+ +
this is an atom with
5 electrons and
5 protons
+ ++
+ +
the atom is neutral
net charge = zero
+ ++
+ +
5 (-) and 5 (+) = zero charge (neutral)
+ ++
+ +
+ ++
+ +
+ ++
+ +
charge = ?
+ ++
+ +
charge = 1- (one minus)
+ ++
+ +
+ ++
+ +
+ ++
+ +
charge = ?
+ ++
+
2+ (two plus)
+ ++
+ +
WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS
WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS
THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE
WHEN REMOVING ELECTRONS
THE RESULTING CHARGE IS POSITIVE
neutral
1+
WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS
WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS
THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE
WHEN ADDING ELECTRONS
THE RESULTING CHARGE IS NEGATIVE
neutral
2
An atom with positive or negative charge
is called an
drum roll
ION
Atoms without charge are called ATOMS
Atoms with positive or negative charge
are called IONS
Notice that ONLY the number of e- changes
(Only electrons are added or subtracted)
The number of protons in an
Atom NEVER changes
(why?)
ions make up the salt you put on your eggs in
the morning
ions are required for your brain to function
(ions allow you to see and understand this presentation)
ions are an essential ingredient in soap
ions are required for cellular respiration C6H12O6 + O2
CO2 + H2O
ions make up acids and bases
ions keep your blood functioning
ions make up the salt you put on your eggs in
the morning
ions are required for your brain to function
(ions allow you to see and understand this presentation)
ions are an essential ingredient in soap
ions are required for cellular respiration C6H12O6 + O2
CO2 + H2O
ions make up acids and bases
ions keep your blood functioning
ETCETERA