Belgian Business Club Workshop
Applying for EU subsidies
Role of the SME criteria
Mr. Miklós MLYNARIK, Head of Division, Enterprise Development
16th of April 2015
What does it mean?
‘ The category of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs) is made up of enterprises which employ fewer than
250 persons and which have an annual turnover not
exceeding 50 million euro, and/or an annual balance sheet
total not exceeding 43 million euro.’
Why is it important?
SMEs represent over 90% of all enterprises in the EU.
However, they are often confronted with market imperfections.
SMEs frequently have difficulties in obtaining capital or credit,
particularly in the early start-up phase. Their restricted
resources may also reduce access to new technologies
or innovation. Therefore, support for SMEs is one of the
European Commission’s priorities for economic growth, job
creation and economic and social cohesion.
This is why access to finance and EU support programmes
mostly targeted at these companies.
How is it calculated?
The main factors determining whether a company is an SME are:
1. number of employees and
2. either turnover or balance sheet total.
Company category
Employees
Turnover
Balance sheet total
Medium-sized
< 250
≤ € 50 m
or
≤ € 43 m
Small
< 50
≤ € 10 m
or
≤ € 10 m
Micro
< 10
≤€2m
or
≤€2m
How is it calculated?
When making the staff and financial calculations, you should
use the data contained in your last approved annual accounts.
The enterprise will lose the status if it go above the ceilings
over two consecutive accounting periods.
How is it calculated?
In general, most SMEs are autonomous since they are either
completely independent or have one or more minority
partnerships (each less than 25%) with other enterprises. If
that holding rises to no more than 50%, the relationship is
deemed to be between partner enterprises. Above that ceiling,
the enterprises are linked.
Category
Ratio of ownership
Calculation method
Autonomous
<25%
no consolidation
Partner
>25% and <50%
proportional consolidation
Linked
>50%
full consolidation
How is it calculated?
Two or more enterprises are also considered as linked when they have any of the
following relationships:
• One enterprise holds a majority of the shareholders’ or members’ voting rights in
another.
• One enterprise is entitled to appoint or remove a majority of the administrative,
management or supervisory body of another.
• A contract between the enterprises, or a provision in the memorandum or articles
of association of one of the enterprises, enables one to exercise a
• dominant influence over the other.
• One enterprise is able, by agreement, to exercise sole control over a majority of
shareholders’ or members’ voting rights in another.