WP3
Approaches Enabling Model-Based
Learning
Alfonso Pierantonio
Università degli Studi dell’Aquila
http://www.learnpad.eu
Agenda
Introduction
Objectives, Tasks, and Deliverables
Domain Analysis
Identified Processes
Analysis Process
Concerns and Concepts
Models for Learning
Metamodels
Metamodeling
Abstraction Layers
Weaving Models
Conclusions
2
WP3 Objectives and Tasks
The objectives of this work package are
3
→
T3.1 Domain Analysis: Identify the objects and
relationships that are needed to be modeled for the
management and learning of business processes.􏰉􏰉
􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉 􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉
􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉
􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉
􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉
􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉􏰉
→
T3.2 Meta-Model Development and Instantiation:
Develop a coordinated set of metamodels that allow a
reasonable description of different views/models
contributing to the same business process specification.
WP3 Timeline and Status
●
D3.1: Domain Analysis of Business Processes
in Public Administrations (M6)
–
4
Analysis of significant Business Processes in Public
Administration in order to identify concepts and relations
relevant for describing and characterizing Business
Processes and its context.
WP3 Timeline and Status
●
D3.2: Design and Initial Implementation of
Metamodels for Describing Business Processes in
Public Administrations (M12)
–
5
A coordinated set of modeling languages has been devised to
endow typical data and flow descriptions with additional aspects
incuding the specification of the skills necessary for consistently
assign a responsibility, resources useful for an administration to
achieve its goals, and measurements.
WP3 Timeline and Status
●
D3.3: Final Learn PAd Metamodels and
Implementation of Model Transformations for
Managing Business Processes Models in Public
Administrations (M24)
–
6
The metamodels defined in D3.3 will be refined to accomodate
unforeseen requirements and model transformations for bridging tools
and notations will be provided.
DOMAIN ANALYSIS
7
Introduction
The domain analysis has been performed by
8
→
Identifying a three different business processes from the
Italian Public Administration
→
Each of them has been analyzed as follows
Identified processes
At M1 no process was developed by WP8, thus we
identified the following among the freely available ones
→
Family Reunion:
─ the Italian legislator retained family is entitled to respect and
protection, thus a service has been introduced and beneficiaries can
submit and verify their application online
→
Grant Citizenship
─ grant citizenship is a procedure to be used by foreigners and
stateless persons to apply for Italian citizenship
→
Bouncer Registration
─ is a procedure to employ staff that supervises the entertainment
activities in order to secure the life of the bystander
9
Analysis Process
1. Select Process
→
a process from the Italian Public Administration
is selected among
─ family reunion
─ grant citizenship
─ bouncer registration
2. Identify Relevant Concepts
→
the most recurrent concepts are
identified
3. Classify Concepts
→
the identified concepts are classified in
order to highlight their common aspects
4. Refine Classification
→
10
the classified concepts are added to the overall classification in
case their are not already considered
Analysis Process
1. Select Process
→
a process from the Italian Public Administration
is selected among
─ family reunion
─ grant citizenship
─ bouncer registration
2. Identify Relevant Concepts
→
the most recurrent concepts are
identified
3. Classify Concepts
→
the identified concepts are classified in
order to highlight their common aspects
4. Refine Classification
→
11
the classified concepts are added to the overall classification in
case their are not already considered
For each process:
A complete BPMN
representation is considered
A high-level representation
is given
Beneficiaries and Actors are
identified
Concepts and relations are
identified
12
For each process:
A complete BPMN
representation is considered
A high-level representation
is given
Beneficiaries and Actors are
identified
Concepts and relations are
identified
13
For each process:
A complete BPMN
representation is considered
A high-level representation
is given
Beneficiaries and Actors are
identified
Concepts and relations are
identified
14
For each process:
A complete BPMN
representation is considered
A high-level representation
is given
Beneficiaries and Actors are
identified
Concepts and relations are
identified
15
For each process:
A complete BPMN
representation is considered
concept name
A high-level representation
is given
Beneficiaries and Actors are
identified
Concepts and relations are
identified
16
description
concerns
Classification Concerns
→
→
→
→
→
→
→
17
business motivation description of what has to be achieved
and how to measure/assess the performance.
case the description of discretionary information activities
information documents, data or reference consumed or
produced during the enactment of a process activity
knowledge collected knowledge used for training civil
servant before serving real requests
learning any aspects related to learning process in Public
Administrations
organization knowledge, skills, and attitudes expected by
business actors in order to achieve a business goal
process collection of related activities or tasks that are
carried out to accomplish the intended objectives of an
organization
Concepts
The complete list of the identified concepts:
(Business) Actor, (Enterprise) Architecture Description, (LET) Institution, Activity, Ad hoc
SubProcess, Applicability Rules, Aspect, Assessment, Assessment Process, Association,
Business Logic, Business Policies, Business Process, Business Rules, Choreography,
Collaborative Business Process, Competency, Course of Action, Criteria and method, Data
Object, Data Object, Decision Logic, Decision Table, Decision Task, Directives, Discretionary
Document, Discretionary Task, End, Enterprise Architecture, Enterprise Architecture
Description Language, Enterprise Architecture Framework, Enterprise Ontology, Environment,
Event, Gateway, Goal, Individual off-line Learning, Individual on-line Learning, Influencer,
Input (document & data), Knowledge object, Knowledge source, Lane, Learner’s Profile,
Means, Message, Message Flow, Objective, Organization Unit, Organizational Learning,
Outcome, Output (document & data), Participant, Performance Indicator, Performer, Person,
Perspective, Pool, Private Business Process, Process Logic, Public Business Process, Role,
Sentry, Sequence Flow, SubProcess, Task, View, Viewpoint, Vision
Detailed information can be found in deliverable D3.1.
18
Models for Learning
19
D3.2 METAMODELS
20
Metamodeling
Metamodels are used for formalizing an application
domain, they consists of a coherent set of related
concepts
21
→
Problems in the domain can be expressed by means of
models conforming to a metamodel
→
Metamodels are cornerstones in modeling ecosystems
Metamodeling
Formalizing a metamodel requires
22
→
a tradeoff between abstraction and automation, i.e.,
the right expressiveness to enable model-based
analysis and automated model operations
→
the balancing act between a number of technical and
cognitive contrasting forces, which conciliates the
stakeholders’ demands
Abstraction layers
Learn PAd Conceptual
Metamodel
A metamodels which permits
the conceptual description of
domain problems
23
Abstraction layers
Learn PAd PlatformIndependent Metamodel
A coordinated set of
metamodels describing the
various model kinds
24
Abstraction layers
Learn PAd PlatformSpecific Metamodel
A refinement of the LPIMM
with platform details
implemented on the
reference modeling tools, ie.
ADOxx and Magic Draw
25
Abstraction layers
Learn PAd PlatformSpecific Metamodel
A demo will be given, which
illustrates the complete
modeling ecosystem for
LSPMM
26
LPIMM
The Learn PAd Platform Independent Metamodel
consists of seven component metamodels
28
→
Process Metamodel
→
Case Metamodel
→
Organizational Metamodel
→
Competency Metamodel
→
Knowledge and Document Metamodel
→
KPI Metamodel
→
Business Motivation Metamodel
LPIMM
29
Process Metamodel
It defines a minimal subset of BPMN 2.0 whose
metaelements have been selected on the base of
30
→
the practical expertise of Learn PAd partners working
with Public Administrations,
→
Learn PAd requirements, and
→
preceding deliverable D3.1
Process Metamodel
Let us consider the following fragment
31
Process Metamodel
An Activity is an atomic or non-atomic arctivity that is performed
within a process. The types of Activities that are a part of a
Process are:
→
Task
→
Sub- Process, and
→
Call Activity, which allows
the inclusion of re-usable
Tasks and Processes in
a diagram
The complete specification
of LPIMM is available in
deliverable D3.2
32
W8 SUAP model fragment
33
W8 SUAP model fragment
task
34
W8 SUAP model fragment
gateway
35
W8 SUAP model fragment
lane
(“Ufficio SUAP”)
38
Process Metamodel
A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process
39
→
lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities
→
Lanes are often used for such things as internal roles (eg.
Manager, Associate), systems (e.g., an enterprise application),
an internal department
(e.g., shipping, finance),
etc.
Process Metamodel
A Lane is a sub-partition within a Process
→
lanes are used to organize and categorize Activities
→
Lanes are often used for such things as internal roles (eg.
Manager, Associate), systems (e.g., an enterprise application),
an internal department
(e.g., shipping, finance),
etc.
PROBLEM
the meaning of the Lanes is
up to the modeler, BPMN
does not specify the usage
of Lanes
40
LPIMM
The component metamodels are woven together by
means of weaving models
41
Weaving
Model weaving is frequent in schema integration
and evolution, it is useful in multi-view modeling
→
In the context of Learn PAd weavings represents
(declarative) semantic anchorings [1]:
the semantics of a concept in a metamodel can be given
in terms of concepts in another metamodel.
[1] Chen, Kai, Janos Sztipanovits, Sherif Abdelwalhed, and Ethan Jackson. "Semantic
anchoring with model transformations." In Model Driven Architecture–Foundations and
Applications, pp. 115-129. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005.
42
43
SCIA Commerciale Municipality
of
Senigallia
ORGANIZATION MODEL
43
Organizational and Process
Metamodel Weaving
This weaving model is used to give the Lane
concept in the Process Metamodel a semantics
specified in terms of the Organizational Metamodel
44
Ufficio SUAP
The “Ufficio SUAP”
lane
The “Ufficio SUAP”
organizational unit
Ufficio
SUAP
Ufficio
Sviluppo
Economico
45
Ufficio
Programmazione
Urbanistica
Ufficio SUAP
The “Ufficio SUAP”
lane
The “Ufficio SUAP”
organizational unit
The Lane weaving
Ufficio
SUAP
Ufficio
Sviluppo
Economico
46
Ufficio
Programmazione
Urbanistica
Learning Goal
The learning goal is an extension of the business
motivation. It supports the courses of action (strategies
and tactics) as well as desired results (goals and
objectives).
47
Example of Learning Goals
Learning Goals are modeled as part of the business
motivation
48
Attributes for Learning Goals
49
LearningGoal weaving
It describes whom the learning goal is assigned to
(organsiational unit, performer or role – from the
organsiation model) and which KPI is used to measure it
(from the KPI model).
50
Weaving of Learning Goals
Learning Scorecard for Monitoring
51
Conclusions
This has been a long process
→
we started from the domain analysis, the identified concepts
have been the initial point
→
the development process is still on-going, metamodels are
prone to evolutionary pressure as new insights and
requirements emerge from the domain
→
the component metamodels and the weaving models are
consistent with the WP5 ontologies
The modeling notations which have been defined in the
LPIMM have been implemented in the LPSMM and a
corresponding modeling ecosystem is realized.
52
THANKS
53