December 06, 2016
Civil War Strategies
Military Strategy for the North
8-4.5
• Blockade southern ports to cut off
supplies from Europe
• Break the Confederacy into two at the
Mississippi River
• Destroy the South's communication
system
• Attack the Confederate capital in
Richmond
Military Strategies for the South
AmericanCivilWarTac/cs
• Fight a defensive war, using supplies
from Europe and funds from the sale
of cotton until the North tired out
Civil War
• Most of the fighting took place in
northern Virginia & along the
Mississippi River
• The first shots of the war happened at
Fort Sumter, SC
• 1st major Confederate setback-Union
captured areas
surrounding Port Royal
around the coast of
Hilton Head, SC
Union Strategy in SC
• Prevent ships from importing &
exporting from SC ports
• Union blockades hurt SC by forcing
Europeans to find new international
cotton markets
• Emancipation Proclamation (what it
meant to plantation owners)
December 06, 2016
Robert Smalls
Union Strategy in SC
• Union captured Charleston & laid
siege to the area for over a year
• 54th Massachusetts unit of African
American soldiers led the charge on
Fort Wagner at the mouth of
Charleston Harbor
Robert Smalls cont....
• He provided the Union w/information on
the Confederate fortification surrounding
Charleston
• After the Civil War: served as an officer in
the SC militia & state legislature, also
helped draft the constitution of SC &
served 5 terms as a Congressman from SC
• 23 yr. old slave piloting a Confederate
ship
• Wife & children escaped to a Union ship
at a blockade
• While the white crew was ashore, Smalls
navigated the ship towards the Union
blockade, giving the appropriate signals
to the Confederate forts he passed, where
he surrendered it
Sherman’s March
• Sherman marched to SC after he captured
Atlanta in his "March-to-the-Sea"
campaign
• Goal: make total war & bring the war
home to the civilians to convince the
south surrender
• Direct impact on SC: destroyed homes,
plantations, railroads, & towns along the
way
• c
Sherman’s March
• He even shelled the current state
house under construction at the time
• Capital city of Columbia burned