1. No category

Optimality of Reinforcement Learning Algorithms with Linear

 !"#$%
&'
%()*+$ ,-!.+ "/1032$$.
&'$$546 78
;9 :=<?>A@CMOBENQDGPFIR HCJGKBEDL
Sp^qdUr suT=twvmVXW*x]yIY[Z]z[\^{dV`|~_Oa;}x]bdycG€^‚„Pƒ…e*r {Z^fg†*\^tXZ^‡h=|ˆiIƒ…Y*‰?{*j=qdklpŠr‹YmvŠZ]pŠno‡y=ed}ŒTt…a †*}
Žl*‘=’”“~
=W£•„edZ]i=bEfXh=Ym¢Z]YVXYnoc˜edh=e£Z]TI_]YYl™u_^\–\^VXY[b*b*W*fXThYmZ_^Vged\UVXb*f—Z]TˆZ]Ym\Ym =VXc˜Z]Tb*Y[c˜Z„\^bYmZ]_^T™miI_]YmYY[nšŸ# =YmZ^¦›Tb_›V`¤=_]fwfXi5YŒYmedn¥eoZ]T=fXb*VwVXcGT=T=YŒœo ~edb*edZ›fXfXVXœ*c˜™mhIab*TIZ]YmVw™Š_^W£_]i=e*VwbnofwhIT§\eded_^_^VX =iIb* IedT#_žZ^bE¦›a¢Vwi=VXY[nšYmfXT#Ÿ/ed_^_]e*bi= Z[Y ¡ ¨
M©Z^TYŒ\– ~_^i=Y[Vg™u\_› ˆ_^b;ed ~eoYmZ\^ ~¦Y[Y;™uVw­ˆ\^i=™b£b¦ª¤®O_]Y[iI™ue£_^VX_«W*Y.Y[e*c˜™h=iTˆ™Šb*_^cVXb*_]TQi=¨Y;¯\^b*bfXZ^hY[_^b£VXb*W*TˆY[Z[\jVX¦\)Y)b* ™iI_]VwednoZe*e*™uf¬_^¦›Y[Z^VwVg_^\–i Y
_^_^i=VXb*YT²Ÿ=h=V`°TˆYmŸZ]YmYmZ³T_)ŸV`\^°b*YmfXZ]hYm_^TVXb*_)TI I\Z^b*e®O\.Y[Vw™Šno_]Vwbe*œ*TY[\.b* ~b*YmcZe£_]i=_^VXYob*Tˆb*\m =¨/_^VXnš•„i=e*Yf±YuZ]¢=Y[e\^h=™Š_fw_]\W£ed IfXZ^h=YŒYš\–Y[c˜Th=_]TIY[™uŸ ¡
i=YmZ]YmZ^Z]bY;Z±¦›_]i=VXfXYmfa¤~eY#™i=hIVw\–Y[YmW*c˜YAh=fZ^Y[c˜fXb*edZš_^VX™uW*bYUn³_]b) ˆed_]Z]i=VwY.T=œ5YmZ]_^Z^i=bYZ¬b*edcCfXœ*_^bi=Z^Y.Vw_^biI nš_^VX\)noVwedTf—_^edY[ =Z^ InoZ^bE\«¢bdVXnšcU_]edi=_^YY
\–bfwh=_^VXb*TC¨
´ µ¶ ‘=·›¸ž¹ž“~=º–· ¶
M©Z]T#Y[\^fXYme*TZ^_]œedYl_^VXŸb*bT§noVg\.edVXT=TIb#\_^fwbi=T=Yœ*ŸY[YmZl_^Y[c˜Y[Z^e*nš\^VXVX¤=TIfwe£Yš_]Vw¦›bT»Vw_^i¼b*cGZ^edYŒT#\– ~b*Y[ =™u_^_.VXnš_^b#e*f—_^VXW£nšedYfXh=edYlTIc˜Ÿ7h=TInš™Š_]YmVwnšbT»b*Z]Wa5Vgeš™uebTI_\–edVg¤=Ÿh=Y[Z]fgededZ›_^VXZ]b*YmTI =\[¡ ¨
_^_^•„VXiIb*i=YTY[Z^\^e*Yme* =c˜n³b* =Z]YlZ]Y*bEb*j¢ =Z^VwY[_^noVXVwnšT=e£c˜_]e*b*VwfQbZ™uT³\^Ymb*nš\]fX™hi=Y[_^TY[VXb*_ln³T»fwYŒYŒVw\medT#¨ÂZ]T=_^ÁUiIVXb£T=Y.¦œ7_]Ymed½?W¤I¾UYmh=ZŒNÀfXj£¿Ae*_^Z›iIedYž™mfXœ*e*Ÿb\^VwZ^Y*°~Vwj=_^Y[i=™mZ^b*noY[TT\lW*_Y[ed¾UZ^Z]œN5Y«YU™med_]b*fXbšœ*n)bŸ=¤IZ^V`Vw°Vw_^T=YmiIYŒZ]nšŸ5YmT\[¦›_Ujd_]Vw\–_^iIbi¼e£fwh=_fwVX_^edT=VXb*fXYŒfITIede*\„ZA™¦›i=c˜h=VXi=YmTIY[W™ŠT Y¡
™u\^b*bfXn)h_^¤=VXVXb*T=TIYŒ\[Ÿ8jQVŦ›¨ Y*Vw_^¨Ciæ›i=c˜h=Vg™Tˆi™Š_^bdVXb*cT3_^i=e*Y» = =edfXZ]œ*bEb*¢Z]VwVwno_^i=e£no_]Vwb\[jQTC¨3\–iIb*SUh= ÃfgŸ¼_]b²¤ˆYoT= =b£¦ÄZ]Yuc˜Y[Vw_Z^Z]VgY[\oŸCT=¨#bdÆA_;T=™mYofwYŒedZ]Y[Ze*¦›\^b*iIT7VX™VXi\_^bdiIcled_^_)iIeY
b*™ediI =fXœ*e*_^bVXZ]n³Z^eVw™Š_^Vg_^\^iIY[YžnÄZ^VgVg\\]É e£Ê£ ˆ_^ËÌedVXj*b*Z^_]T_^i=fXa³Yžb*c¬NÀnšÍ=_]Vgi=•›\^\^YR6VXT=ŸœIe*Vw°~¨GfwœY[M©b*Z^TY[Z]V`T_]_]i=_i=VXnÄ\^\b* IfXÉ he*ÎI_^ ˆjVXY[ÏEb*ZËTˆe*\A¦TIYAVXT¼Ÿ³\–_^_]_^iIedY[_^Z^YUYAnoZ^b*YŒ\.¤\–Vgbd®OŸcYŒhI™Š_^e*_^i=VXfIW*YšœYžZ]bc˜e¤h=Ÿ®OTIY[VwY[™u™uT_^_^VX_¬VXb*W*edTIY«fX\œ*c˜h=c˜b*b*Z]TIZVw™Š_^_^_]i=iIVwnÐbYlTI•›\.É`ъR³Ë—_]i=ed½ÈYmÇ =a ¿¡
c˜ =b*b* =fXZVw_^YŒVXeŸnš­=_]e*bU¢fÀYŒ_^YmŸšiI¢=Y ˆe* =™Šb_AZ]fwVgb*™uWE¤Iae*fw¨ÂfwY[hIn6¯5Yb*b*c˜h=Z]cIYmTI ˆb£™ubW*_^fwY[VXVgb*Z[™uT7a.j*¦Y[h=YžWETIe*™ŸfwiˆhˆY[edZAe£Z_^Ÿe*VXb*Vw™Š°~TQ_]Y[YmjŒZ^Z]VÅY[VX¨ \^Y*TY„¨Œ_A_^_^ =i=iIZ]YYAbdŸŸ®OYuYŒVw°~_]™ŠYm_^Y[Z]VXZ^b*nšY[TTVwTI_bed ˆ\^_^b*Y[VXfXb*Z]hedT_^_^VXVXb*b*b*c=TITI_^\\[iI¨Ue*Y¬\¬Ò¼W£VwednoYfXh=ed_]Yœi=Y[c˜VwTIh=\¬Ó/TIbd™Šc—_^_]iI_^VwbiIedT Y_
¤_^~ediITYžYohIe*Ym\^TIZ]YuedZ^c˜fXh=baZlfˆ\–c˜Vgb*b*\„c¬Zbd_]ŸcGi=Yu_^Yš_]i=YmY«_^Z]i=nšŸY[V`b*Vw°T=Z]YmVXYuT=Z]_]YmœVX™[Ted_]_ži=fXfwbYža5 Y[_^bZ^VX Z]nšb*_^VXVXZno\]\Ge£_^ed_]iˆVwf¬be£e*T#_¬ =_]™m =i=Z^Z]VwYžbE_^Y[¢ŸZ^VwVwnoVg°eoYme£edZ]_]YmTˆY³TŸ;\^_b*_]e*fXi=hfwYœ_]b*Vw =bZ]Z]V`TC_]bd¨oi=®OYŒno•„™Š\±_]i=VwVXe*b\™T»i=¦›bVXYmVw ˆfXWf±Y[Y›Z]aedZ^VwY[Y[_^VXfXfXb*edŸTI_^VXe/\„W*Y„¦›™uZ]_]VXVwfwb ¡
_^¤~Y[b*Z^h=VXb*TIT/ŸI\›c˜b¦›ZlV`_]\^iYmfXY[Z^™uYŒ_^\–VX ~T=Y[œ;™u_„e*T _^bz]eoԀ?\^ƒ… ˆÕoYŒq£™ur Vw­ˆ¾ž™.NT=b*edZ]fXnל*bZ^e*VwZ^_^YiIn#edfX¨AZ]Y[Ö=e*b*Ÿ=Zža_^Ói=T=Y³b£•›¦›R«T¼½?É Ç؁¿AjQedÑ[fXÇEœ*ËQb¤IZ^hVw_^_Ui=nÐc˜b*Z„\–_]hˆi=™Yi5b*Ym_^Z]i=Z^bY[ZZ
edfXœ*bZ^Vw_^iInš\_]i=YmZ]YedZ]YATIbš™mb*nš Ie*Z]e*¤=fwY.Z]Y[\^h=fw_]\[¨
”’ “~/·^º–“ ’–¹ž’Gº–· ¶
Ö=\^ Ibe*Zl™me#Y¯5)jGe*Z^\–Ó_]edb£_^W#Y³Ÿ_^YŒZ™uedVgTˆ\–VX\–b*Vw_^T§VXb* =T¼Z^b =™mZ]Y[b*\]¤I\«e*½?¤=¯5VwfXVwR_^VXY[\¿A¦›V`±_]i5½ ­I!T=Vw_^lYo¿#\–_]"!ed_^Y«É Ç$\^m IÑueˬ™ue*YTI$Ÿ\O½_] b™iIe*\–§_^Vg™³¿ujCZ^e*Y[™u¦_^e*VXb*Z]TŸ
c˜-Y h=,TIhI™ued_^_^VXVXb*b*T&T %'½ (A¿"*) ~b*fXVX™ma.0YmW£/ edfXhIe£_]Vwb/4T².0VX/#\«5&™ub67TI™u/ Y[Z^T=YŒŸ¦›V`_]i\^b*fXWVXT=œ/_]i=Y+YmfXfXnše*T
c˜6 b*/ZelG­=F¢Y[H-Ÿ³%E½ ˆ> bfwIVg8±™ua9E½ > 8:¿^!¿ ;J«'e*"<TIŸ 17¨ Vg.\›= _]/ i=ŸY)YmŸTIVgbd\^_^™m13YŒb*2\Âh=_^TiI_UYUcÈeW£ed™Š_]fXh=b*Y›ZŒL¨ bdKAcC\–\›_]e£_^iI_]Y?Y)> ~= b*j@fX2 VX™m=B/ aA C 8DVgÀ\›½E­=> =¢!Y[> Ÿ/C ¦8±Y½> ¦›= ½O¿^VXÑE¿Šfw¿ j
b*nš= Vw_UV`_UVXT#_^i== Y.c˜bfw.NX=b£M ¦›VXT=œ)_]bonoedÓ*YlT=b*_]e£_]VwbT»YŒe*\^VwY[Z[¨
•„i=Y.­=¢YŒŸ» ~b*VXT_ bdcÂ-Y ,hIe£_]Vwb.#T¼S ½–ÑŒ¿›.N™[edSUT#TWV¤ˆY«ŸYu_]Ym.NZ]n³S7VX5T=YŒ6Ÿ»Vw_^Y[Z]ed_^VXW*Y[fwa¦›Vw_^i5e*T/b* ~YmZe£_^bZ
OGP) QR"<) Q¥¤a
½?Ø¿
•„i=Vg\›Vw_^YmZe£_]VwbT»™mb*TW*Y[Z^œY[\¬_^bOe³h=T=. VZ, M h=Y.­=¢Y[Ÿ# ~1Xb*VX2 T_V É 6 ØEËÌj_^iˆe£Y _UVg\„œ*VXW*YmT#¤a
B½ [N\]132!¿ ^ ½ÈÏ¿
¦›i=Y[Z^YoB½ [N\]132¿VX\UVwTW*Y[Z–_]Vw¤IfwYlc˜b*Z›Y[W*Y[Z^a\–_^b™iIe\O_]VX™lnoe£_]Z^Vw¢ 2š¨
 `?`ž‘I· Iº a ’G4 bc/· ^º–“ ’ –¹ž’Gº–· ¶
_ M̙ucÂb\O_^_]i=fwY«ao\O¦›_e£Vw_^_^i#Y«Z]\–Y[ I\^e ˆ™uYŒNY ™Š_„8_^œ*b³Ym¤ˆ_]\Ub*_^_^i#bbonšfXYme*nšZ^œb*YlZ]a_^i=edY«TIYuŸ#¢=™ue*b™unš_ž\– =bhfw_]hed_]_^VwbVXb*T/T;bd_^c”VXn³-Y ,YhI¨±ed•„_^VXi=b*YmT²Z]Yu½Oc˜ÑEb¿„Z^Y¤ˆjYŒbd.™uc…b_^n³Y[T»YŒ\›fXVXT=W*Y[Y[Z^e*a Z
c˜\^Y[YmedT_^_^h=YŒZ]ŸYu¡Ìe*¤I\Ueeo\–YŒ. fXŸVXT=c˜Y[h=e*TIZž™u™u_^bVXb*n)T¤=edVXTI =e£ =_]Z]VwbEb¢T/Vwnobdc”ed¤I_^VXe*b*\^T²Vg\›Vg\³c˜h=e*TI =™u_^ =VXfXb*VwYŒTIŸ—\ ¨de•„fi=gY#HiW£h edfXV h= Y»c˜h=!TIhL™ŠkL_]VwJ)bT ¦›iIVX™i5Vg\«™[Z]edYmT IZ^¤~YmY ¡
¦›™ubZ]n)V`_^¤=_^YmVXTIT²ede_^VX\ b*T5edlTˆŸ]hnhrmjG ¦›½Ei=h YmV Z]Y mp hLoqk±) ¿k o]Vg) \.Q0_^i=s Yok ˆVged\›Z_]edi=nšY)Yuno_]Yme£Z_]W*Z^VwYŒ¢/™Š_]¦›b*ZV`Yj_]Y-iŸY YŒ_^\^i=™mY«Z^VX¤=¤IVXe*T=\^œ#Vg\›_^c˜i=h=YTI™ufXVX_^T=VXb*Y[TIe*\Z
e*\›™mb*fXh=nšTI\[¨±•„i=Y.Z^b£¦U\bdc h Y-e*YjZ^Y Yl_]i=Y.c˜Y[ed_^h=Z]Y.W*Y[™u_^bZ]\ t„½ > = L¿ o) k c˜b*Z„_]i=Y\–_]e£_]Y[\ > = ¨
K z{G-L |B}:=< ~€{{‚E„F ƒ…|}(:LŒK7@CF~B< †À-L |?FˆJ
uwvBx y DÀD
MÌ.ˆcQM _]i= Yl_^½Z[‡edTI\q\^Vw_^13VX2b*T;¿ ^ IV Z^6 b¤Ied™ub¤=h=VXfXfgV`Ÿ(_Oao¤~noY5e£™u_]b*Z^Vwnš‡¢ =2$h=_^¦Y[ŸÃYmZ]YAŸVXÓZ^YŒT=™Šb£_]¦›fw.9aTQ¨8M j_]•„i=i=YmY/T»_^b*iI =Yl_^VXbnš e*_^f›VXnoeded =f =YuZ]bE¢=¢eVw™Šno_Ued\–b_^VXfwb*h=T²_^VXb*_]Tb
_^e«iIT=VX\.bd_]\^Vwb*bfXTh_^bdVXb*cQT5TIb*VgZ]\An"b*¤n)_edhIVX\–T=_Y[YmŸ§¢¤VX\–a/_[¨±nšklVXT=YmTIVwnšYmZVged\–VXfXT=fwaoœ'e³‰ hn\–amcnš\nšYu_^Z]VgŠ™žˆ ~¦›bV`_]\^i§V`_]VwZ]WY[YA\^ ˆŸYŒYm™Š­I_AT=Vw_^_^bY.mno¨e£_]•„Z^Vwi=€¢ YmZ]‹×Yuc˜b™mZ^e*YT j
¤~’—–WYI˜™hI”\^ŽY[Ÿ¼r_^b5–šWŸ=‹Yu­I˜T=¨GY»•„e/i=YT=b*b*Z] =n _^VXnše™me*™ufb\–Z]bŸ=fwhVwT=_]œ#VwbT_]Œb _]iI‰4e£_”$‰™m Že*T)‘¤~Y e™’“i=ŠjVwY[•.9”“W*Ž MYŒŸ¦›¦›Vw_^V`_]ii)_^_]iIi=Y;Y\^fwVX™[T=edY[fge*edZGZc˜ =h=Z]TIb™ŠŸ_]hIVwb™uT _
_^edɕh¬iI IYlËÀ =Z^e*™mbE™[b*¢™ufXh=b*VXnonšZŸe£TIVX_^T=\¬bœ«›Zb*c_^hnbšhAm_^¨”iI_]NCYi=YmYmT=_ T/b*h8Z]Vgnœ\„iI_^eEi=ŠWiYYU;bŠc˜ h=ŽZ–_]fXi=f—Vg\›b*™ubœŸfwb*Yuh=TI.ˆ­ˆnše*T= ;fˆT»Y[¡ IŸ/Z]Z^e*b*e*T=®O\›Y[ӝ™Š¨G_]Ž•„Vw.9bi=T»MžY[b*Thlc _]½Ÿi=hLYžšWbb*‹Z–T_]h„_^i=b¿b*^ œ•É h¬Vb*hLTIËÅje*šwVÅfI‹¨ Y* =¨¨±Z]_]bdÒ¼i=®OYŒYY™Š\–_^Ÿ ˆVXb*Y[edToT=T#bdb_]bdT Y c
_^W*iIYŒY™Š_]b*b* Z _]m VwnoŽ @¡e*fQ¦›ed =Vw_^ Ii Z^bE.ˆ¢Ž ;VXnš¡ edG_^Yhn\^m b*fXŽ @h¡ _^VXb*Vg\T/_^¤i=a Y[T/œ*Ž VXW*YmžT#¤ a Ž ¨„•„i=Y™mb*Z]Z^YŒ\– ~b*TIŸ=VwT=œš Ie*Z]e*nšYu_^Y[Z
@¡
. M
V
V
V6
m Ž $Ÿ½ h š ‹h„¢¿ ^ h š ‹ $Ÿ½ h š ‹h„!¿ ^ h š @‹5¡ ½ [0\£1X2¢¿ ^ Y
½˜Î¿
ÁU,hIY[e*Z^YŸ=j»Z]ed́_^VgN ™AY[\–Z^_]Z]e*b*TIZ Ÿ=\¼c˜b*Z8\–h= ~YmZ]WVX\^Y[Ÿ fXY[edZ]T=VXT=œ¤ˆYŒ™me*hI\–Y m Ž nšVwT=VXnšVX\^Y[\²_^i=Y3¦YmVXœ*i_]Y[Ÿ
n¤š¥§Vw¦…T ¨ ØÑ Š hnm©\ . M .9Š ªŽ M ØÑ E½ hnm Ž @¡ \ . M ¿ š ‹5E½ hnm Ž @¡ \ . M ¿ ØÑ Š . Ž @¡ \ . M Š ªŽ ½ «¿
c˜¬Ub*b*Z#_^Ye²j*œ*_]iIVXW*e£Y[_ ©T .ˆ‹ M Y-ed,TIhIŸ edfg\Â_]i=j›Yž¦›Ym¢iI ~VX™Y[i3™u_^YŒVg\oŸ_]Ÿi=VgY§\^™mb*bh=¤T®OY[.9_^™uYŒM_^ŸoVXW*e*Y™[™ub*h=c)n«e²h=fX\–edh=_^ ~YŒŸšYmZ]Z^WY[VX\^¦Y[e*ŸZ]ŸšfXY[ede*fXZ^b*TITIVwœT=œen³\^e*Ymnš_^i= =bfwYŒŸ—Ÿ ¨
_^> Z­ e£o²®OYŒ™Š„_]¨”b*Z]•„a²i=h=Y[\^TIYŸedY[ZoZ]YA_^Ymi=¢=Y5e*™Š­=_]¢fwaY[ŸÃ_^i= ˆYbfw\]Vged™unšŒa =8”fXY[j„\„V?¨bY*¤¨ _]e*VwT=E½ YŒ>-Ÿ#­E¿ ¤a<_^i=FY•É ®r•›R³°—¯ ± ½O­ÑE¿„%E½ ed> fX°œ*Ib*8±Z]Vw½ _^> i=° ¿–n ¿©ËžÉ c˜ÊEbËÌZo¨±•„YmW*iY[hIZ^\ma j
_^iIY•›R«½–ÑŒ¿„\^b*fXh_^VXb*T#VX\UY-,h=VXWEe*fwY[T__]bš_^i=Yb _^VXnoedfCe* = =Z]bE¢VXnoe£_]Yl\^b*fXh_^VXb*TQ¨
ÀD K ŠL[K@‚£:L-| ˆK y ~;< ˆF‚i|˜L[D}
M©T#_^i=Ye* = =Z]bE¢Vwnoe£_]Yl™[e*\^Yž_]i=Y0+YmfXfwnoe*T#Y ,hIe£_]VwbT¼5&½–ÑŒ6 ¿¤ˆYŒ™ubn³YŒ\
hnmž132Nhnm
½ ¿
K$ ~b* =hIfXe*ZAedfXœ*bZ^Vw_^iIn¥c˜b*Zžh= ~ŸIe£_^VXT=œ;_^i=Y ˆedZednšYu_]YmZUWY[™Š_]b*Z m e£c…_^Y[Zže\^VwTIœ*fXY_^ZedTI\^Vw_^VXb*T
– = " = ¦›V`_]i#Z]Ym¦„edZŸ€% = Vg\_^i=Y\–_^b™iIe\O_]VX™.\]ednš =fXVwT=œ*¡Å¤ˆe*\^Y[Ÿ;•›R³½ÈÇ¿Ì¡©edfXœ*bZ^Vw_^i=n É ÊEË
5
5
SUTWV S 5
S
S
S 5
m m
t„B½ – = ¿uÉ % = 13t„½ = ¿ š m \Dt„—½ – = ¿ š m 3Ë ½ [ k = ¿ m
= ½ *¿
_^¦›Ö=iIhIi=YAZ–Y[_]VgZ^i=ŸY YmYmZ]Tnš_]V`VXb*_O\AašZ]_]Y*noi=j=YšfXe£Yu_]fw_ YŒZ^Vwed– ¢oZ]T=Vw¤~‡T VwTIY«)œ;\]k edZe£nš¨Â_^NQ =Y…jYufXY[_ Ÿ³= e¤~g™mYA™mb*t„e)ZB½ Ÿ =– VwZ]=TIb*¿uœ«¤IÉ 1Xe*_]t„b¤=½ Vw~fXVw= _Oj ¿ a³\Ÿ¤~Vgt„\–Y)_^—½ Z]– \]Vw¤==ed¿Ìnšh=Ë š_^ =VXjb*fXY[T;Ÿ= be*To™[_^™ut„iIb—½ YlZ]– Ÿ=\–VX“¿_]T=% edœš= _^YA_]e*0b TI\^ I]Ÿ ÀeB½ [™u– kY j„VX‹\¿ ¨
e¦›dTˆVw_^Ÿ i(% Z]= Y[¤~\^ ˆY«YŒ\]™Šed_nš_] =b5fXY[_]Ÿ/i=Y;= e™mŸ™uVgb\O_]Z]Z^Ÿ=VXVw¤=T=hœš_]Vw_]bbT %~½—– ¨§= ¿uNC¨„Ymˆ_Ò7 Y«Žš ¦›Ž VwfXfQ hI\^=F YNF É É‰Ë›ËÀed_^b;TIŸ Ÿ=YmT=Žš b*Ž _^Y _]i=F YYuÉ¢ ~ËÌY[¨5™u_]MÌe£c›_]=_^VwbiIT Y
=
=
fXY[edZ]T=VXT=œ³Z]ed_^YŸY[™[eEa\›e*™m™mb*ZŸVXT=œ)_]b
½ ¿
°
°ª ©
°
°
_^ŸiIYmYm_^TCYmZ]j›nšVXTVwTIVX_^\–i=_^VgY¼™.eEV`_]W*YmY[ZZ]e£e*_]œ*VwbY/T \–Y[TI\–Yj_^i=Y§\–_^b™iIe\O_]VX™•›R³½ÈÇ¿e*fwœb*Z]V`_]i=n ½ *¿š¤~YmiIeEWY[\ofXVwÓY_^iIY
5
SUTWV
S 5
m ªB½ [ Žš Ž “¿ m
½ÈÊ¿
Žš Ž ¦›Vw_^i
6
Žš Ž \h š ‹ ½B[N\]132¿h
Žš Ž Gh š ‹ 6 ½–Ñ[Ç¿
¦›W*YŒi=™ŠY[_]Z^b*Y ZQb*‹ cI]Yu¢ ~Y[Ÿ™u_^VXe*Y[ŸœI½ Z^Y[¿)¦VXe*\)Z]Ÿ=_^i=\Y/É Ø£ŸËVg½?edNCœY[b*n³TInoe*f¬e no=e£•¨ «_]j£Z^VwNC¢²Y[nš¦›V`nš_]i(e =_^iI¨ dY»¿u¨QY[fwM©Y[T)n³ ˆY[edTZ^_]_^\³Vg™ubdh=cfged²ZQ_^edi=TˆY„Ÿ \O_]b™iIVX\«e*\–_^_^iIVgY™
•›Ö=hIR³Z–_]½ÈÇi=¿YmZ]ednšfXœ*b*bZ]Z^Y*Vw_^jiIVwcGn ¤~bd™mb*_]i/TW*e*Y[fwZ^œœb*Y[Z]\”V`_]Vwi=cÀnoedTˆ\„Ÿo™ub*b*TT=WfXašYmZ]V`œ*cQYU_^i=_]i=YlYmŸa#Yu_]™uYmbZ]Tn³WYmVXT=Z]œ*Vg\OYž_]VX_^™lbšed_^fXiIœ*bYZ^\^Vw_^e*iIn³nÐYl­=½?Ê¢¿YŒ™uŸ;b* ~Tb*WVXYmTZ]_[œ*¨ Y[\[¨
5
KUT²Vw_^Y[Z]ed_^VXb*T²b*c_]i=Yc˜bZ^n ½ÈÊ¿™ub*TWYmZ]œ*Y[\.VwcUedfXf¬Y[VwœYmTW£edfXh=Y[\b*c_]i=Y;noed_^Z]V`D
¢
[ ?Žš Ž
fXT=VwM YY[œ¦›e£_]VwVw_^Wi=YVXTÃZ]Y[_^edi=fY IhIedT=Z^_«V`_;e*™mTIVwŸ(Z™ufXe5Y²fXÉY[«£e*ËÅZ^¨3TIVwÖIT=b*œ§Z5 Z]e¼ed_^Ynoe£_]Z^Vw_^q¢ iIed_ššŽ ŸŽ YŒ™m_^eEiIaed\)_eiI™me*™mb*\šZbŸT=VwTIfXa(œ/_^Ymb8VXœ*Y[½ T¿W£e*_^fwi=h=Y[YŒZ^\šY»¦›VX\«V`_]M ie
\ÁUY[TI^hI™u™Yi7j”c˜_^b*iIZšed_le§_]Ÿ=i=Y[Yo™meEYmaVXœ*VXT=Y[Tœ5WEfXe*Y[fwe*hIZ^Y[T=\lVXT=bdœ7›c [ Z]ed_^Yo_]° i=Y#šŽ °Ÿ=Ž Yu_^fXY[VwYšZ^nšVXTIVXT=\–VgVgŸ\O_]YšVX™#_]i=•›YšR«h=½?T=ÇVw¿«_«ed™ufXVXœ*Z]™mbfwZ^Y«Vw_^c˜i=b*nZe*™mfwb*TW*Y[Z^œY[\ ¨
Vwedc„fX¦„e*fweE”aY[\GVwœc˜hIYmf`T­IW£fXedfXY[fXŸšh=Y[_]\.i=YAb*Lc •›?R6šŽ edŽ fXœ*iIb*eEZ]W*Vw_^Yši=n e#T= ˆYmbœ\^e£\^Vw_]¤IVwWfwašY³ŸZ]Y[VXW*e*Ymf”Z] Iœ*edYŒ\”Z^_[e*¨\±Í\^i=VXTIb£™m¦›YšTo_^i=VXT5Vg\É`ÑmZ]ËÅ-Y ¨”,•„h=VXi=Z^Y[Vg\¬n³Ÿ=Y[VwTW_.YmZ]Vgœ*\.YmT=Tˆb*™uY_
Vg\›Ÿh=Y._^bš_]i=Y ~b\^V`_]VwWYlY[VwœYmTW£edfXh=Y[\b*c šŽ Ž É dËŨ
ÁU\^i=b£b£¦¦›YmT3WYmÉ ZŒØEj”ËŨ§h=TINQŸYuY[_Z_]i=\– ~YY[c˜™mYŒVXe*e£fU_]h=e*Z^\]Y;\–hInšn³ed =_^Z]_^V`VX¢b*TIh \š™uo©bT) W*Q#YmZ]s œ*kY[TI™uiIY;eEWbdYšcžc˜_]h=i=fwYZ•›edR«T=Ó½?Çj¿š¦›e*i=fwYmœZ]b*Y Z]V`_]i=n™m²edTÃjÂV?¤~¨ Y*Y ¨
_^¤~iIY[Ym™mZ]e*Y;hI\^edY”Z]Yo_^i=T=Ybdfw_«VXT=n³YŒedbZ]Z^fwalYoŸ ˆYmed ~ZedYmTInšŸ=YuYm_]TYm_GZ\l™mb*_^fXiIh=e*nšT(TI\O\Q_b*e£c_^YŒh§\]¿u™[¨edT•„¤~i=Y¬VX\)Y[fwZ^VXYŒnš\–hIVwTIf`_ed\_^YŒVXT²Ÿ¦›T=V`b5_]i=fXbb*\]h=\_Gbd™iIc›e*œ*T=Y[œ*T=VXYmT=Zœ„edfX_^VwiI_OaY
_^ ~¤~iIb£Y«Y)¦ed\^Y[ ~e*Z”YmnšbdZ]VXcI =b_]fwŸ=VXi=T=VXYU™œšede*bd ITIcG =Ÿ/_^Z^iIbEZ]Y)¢Y[™uVX\OnohI_Z^e£e£Z]_]_^YmY[VXTb*\„_[T³_]¨ iIed+e£Z_U™YŒi=\–VgVgVw\›Ÿ_^Y[Z]Y[™uY\U_^Ih=_^YŒi=Z]™ŠY*Y³_^¨GYŒedŸ#•„ ~i=VwYmT/Z]Y›Vwb_]nši=ŸbYVg™u\–noVw_±_Oa;Vwe£nš_^Z]Z] ~-Y Vw,¢b*h=Z^‹_]VXe*Z]Ym¨Tnš_±NCeYmYuT\^_›\^_[_]h=jˆi=nš_^Y)iI VX¯5_^\lVXb*e*e*TšZ^\]Ó\–™uhIb£bWn³TI™ =™uiIY[_^Z^VXedb*TˆVXTT \
Z]\–_^Y[Y[\^eh=Ÿf`_a\U¡Ì\–VXT§_]edT=_^Y³b;ŸfwbVX\–\^_^\žZ]VXbd¤=c±hœ*_^Y[VXb*T=T YmZ(edfXVwbd_Oc±a;_]¤~i=Y[Yš™me*¯5hIed\^Z]YÓ*_^b£ZW#edTˆ™iI\–VXedYmVXTT§_AYm\–¢_]edVg\–_^_]Y[\[\l¨A™mÒ e*Ti=Y[¤ˆT7Y«\]YmedfXVwnšnš =VXTIfXVwe£TI_]œY[Ÿ—_^¨liIYš•„\–i=_]YmedT7_^YŒe \
_^Yme*iˆVX™[œ*e£™uY[b_ TZ]WE?Ÿe*VXšŽ T=fwhIŽœ)Y[\._^VXb³\«ed_^Z]T=i=Y«Y[Vgœ\›TIe£Ym\–_]œ_^VwY[edWe_^Y»VXŸW*ŸaY«Ym¡Ì\–­I¦›_]T=edi=Vw_^VX_^Yl™Yi¼ŸÉ VXØEVX\–T§Ë_^Z]_]½?VXNCh=¤=Z^Y[hT¼n³_^VXb*noaTQVwY[e j=fXŸIV?=¨ \Y*¨ ™¨ ™u¿Š‹b*¨TWr•„Ymi=Z]‹ Vgœ*\³YmTˆVwnš ™uY)nšŸb*VXY[e*c±ŸœI_^Vg½e£iIQ_]YYm¿ufXj=•›aVwR«_›a™[½?VXÇedYmfg¿lT#Ÿ=ed\«¤ˆfXYœ*_^biˆ\^Z^e£i=Vw_³_^b£i=¦›e*n fwT
¦›Vw_^iŸY[™[eEaVwT=œ³fXY[edZ]T=VXT=œšZ]ed_^Y¨
uwv
y
!
"
#
$
%
&
&'(&
)*
,+
.-
!/
0
"-
M©.ˆTM _^VXiIT8Y;e§T=Ymn³¢_³bZ^\–Y»YŒ™Šœ*_^Y[VXb*T=TYmZed¦f„Y\–¦›Ym_–VX_]fwVwT=™œˆiI¨²edZÁUe*b£™u_^¦YmYmZ]. W*Vg\–Y[Y³Z[jG_^iIc˜bYZ)fwVX_]nši=Y#V`_³\]W£edednšfXh= =Y fXVXT=. œ¼Ž š Ÿ=Ž VX\–e*_^Z]\Vw¤I_^hi=_^YVXb* IT Z^b*®OY[™Š_^_]i=VwY[bZ^TY»bdVX\c
eVgd\„TI_^bdi=_^iIY)Ymb*ZžZ^_^VXTi=_^bY[œ*Z^b*YŒTˆ\O_]edVwfT= =œ»Z]VwbdT®O_]Y[Ym™uZ]_^ =VXb*Z^T/Ym_]ed¦›_^VwVX_^b*iTZ]bdY[c \^ ˆYŒŽ š™Š_›Ž _^€be\U‹ _]#i=Yb*­IT_]¢b/YŒŸ•É h¬ ~ËÌb*jˆVXe*T\ž_.ŸbdYuc ­ITIY[Ž Ÿ/OVXT5jˆ\–¦›YŒiI™Š_^YmVXZ]b*YNT?ÏIŽ ¨wÑj
_^ =edb»TˆZ]bŸŸ™uY[OYmŸYŒhˆŸ—VX\¬™ujY)_^¦i=eoYlYATITIh=YmYm ¦Y[Ÿ=Ÿ»e£c˜_]_]b*i=YžZ]n)Y.b* ~c˜h=b*YmfgfXešZfwe£b£c˜_]¦›bb*ZVXZ¬T=. œ³Ÿ=Ž Yuš fw­IY[Ž nšT=YŒ_^nšŸoiIeedVXT§_žiI½?Øe¿›\žÉ e³Ø=jˆc˜b*ьZ]ÇEn Ę̈GM©\–TVXnš_^Vwi=fgedYžZžc˜b*_^fXb fwb£.9¦›MVXT=VXœT(¦½ÈYžÏ¿uhI¨ \^Y›+Yu_^iIc˜b*VX\¬Z]YcÈe*¦™uY_
¬„K }&}: x yI}«Õšqd€?pŠƒ [0\£1X Ž 2 ƒgvp^} *‡rwq£pmt
W£7•„edi=‚£fXh=FCY[Z^YF~Ym
> c˜mb*YmZ]Z]Y*bI•„jIŒ¨ i=Vw_AY;KUVg\lnšTÃ\–ed-Yh_^,Z]h=V`'¢™mVXWEVwY[e*[TfwY[_A\ŒT_^_š1Xb# ™m\–b*Ži=TIb£Ÿ¦62ÐVw_^VX_^Vgb*iˆ\T8e£Z^_žY[VX\³œ*_]i=h=_]YšfgiIede£\–Z)_š ~V`Y[cUb*™uTIed_^Y#ZTˆedŸVgfQ\³Zb*e*T=T=Ÿ=bdfXa§Vw_ohI\AVwedc›TÃ\^V`ed_šYm_^VXVgŸœ*\Ob­ˆY[Y[TY[\\WEe*T=fwb*hI½ 13_)Y;?iIbdŽ eEc W1XYo2 ¿YmŽ VXœ*Ym2šT=Ñ*¡ ¨¨
_^T=Ö=iˆbbe£Z^Z»_n e*T½ŠaÃ134X no‰Ž Ž e£_]2Z^Vw¤¢Ã¿ aTI_^b*‰i=Z] 1XY/n  \OŽ_ŠedTIw2€ŸI‰±Šed ŽZV`_#Ÿ(jIi=Ÿ¦›b*Yufg­ˆi=Ÿ=T=Ym\;V`Z]_]Y._^VwiIb_^Tedi=_ YŠWˆ½Y[AŠ™u Ž_^¿ b*Z›TI b*ŠZ] \–9œn hI‰ A‰U É«E@ËŊ ¨ª Ž •„V VwiITIH„YmŸ=ŠZ] ?hIYuc˜™u–b*YŒZ]Š\„Y*Ž _^j›i=¦JY)¨²Y5nšÓÒ edT=_^V`Z]b£_]V`¦ i¢
_^¦iIYVX\.b*Ÿ¤Ym_­IedT=VXgT Vw_^VX‰b* 2€T7‰e* Ž TIŸ5¦›Vw_^\^i§h= _^i= Y«cÈ e*™u_AV _]H4iI‰e£ 27€_ –Š Š27 Ž – ‰J Ž \^h=Š – ‰ Ž c˜b*VZ.H4ed‰fX± –f Š–à Ž É ØEJËU½È NQYmnšÑ*¨no¯e bIZ^¨ ÎYm¿¡
b£¦›W*i=Y[Y[Z[Z^jGY¦¦YY;iIhˆeE\–W*YŒY]ŸŠ_^?i=ŽY»¦‰ Y[Ž fwÓÄT=b£\–¦›h=T ± cÈ e*™u _)_]± iIV e£H„_šŠ edT(Ž b–Z–_]‰i= Ž b*œJb*TI¥e*f±\^ =h=± Z] bd®O Y[™u _^ VXb*±'T V  H„ŠŽ –Š Ž Vg\«e§J T=b*T=Ñ*¡ j
Yu¢½ 13 I?e*TIŽ \^Vwb2T#¿ ¦›GVw_^Ši 13Z]?Y[\^Ž ~Y[2€™Š_žŠ Ž_^bš_^&iIY1W*‰ YŒ?™ŠŽ_^bZUŠ T=Ž bZ^<n ;Š 2€‰UŠ„ Ž Š Ž ›¨ 1±h_^_^Ñ*VXT=¨ œ;e*fw—_]b*œYu_^iIYmZU¦Yb*¤_edVX T
Ò¼Y™medT#T=b£¦\–bfwWYA. _]i=Y.­=¢Y[Ÿ» ~b*VXT_UY ,hIe£_]VwbV T . Ž š 6 Ž r Ž O . Ž š Ž V 6 e*TIŸ;b¤_]e*VwT
½–Ñ*ÑE¿
Ž š Ž ½ [0\£1XŽ 2¿ ^ Ž ªB½ [#\£12 ¿ ^ 6
6
¦›bdcVw_^_^i i=Yo2 ~cb*fXVg ™ua5Ž Y[2WEe*edfwhˆTIe£Ÿ _^VXb*T¼c =Z]b*Ž ¤=fXYmn/¨Â¨š•„•„i=VXi=\ÂYZ]Y[•›\^R³Ymn«½ÈǤ=¿.fXY[\^\Âb*-YfXh,_]hIVwedb_^T§VXb*¦›T/Vw_^½Èi²Ï¿G\^c˜e*b*nšZÂ_] =i=fwVXY›T=Yuœ¢=Ÿe*Vg™u\O_¬_]Z^\–VXb¤=fwhh=_]_^VwVXbb*TT
6 =Z]b*™[¤=edTfXYmn×_^i¦›hI\šV`_]"i¤~Y#2 VXTed_^TIY[#ŸZ^ =6 Z] Yu¨ _]Y[¬UŸ8b*_^e*Y*\³j=Yu_^iI¢=e*ed.N_›™u_š @™mb*¡\^b*nšfXh I_]e*VwZ^bYŒT8Ÿb*_]cUb«_^_]i=i=Y Y•›^ =R³Z^b*½OV ь®O6 Y[¿„™u\^_^b*Y[fX!Ÿ h5 _]Vwb~T»b*fXb*VX™mcQa(_^iIYmYW£ededfX =hI =edZ]_^bEVXb*¢T ¡
VX‹ nšed_^Y Yo,hˆ ~e£b*_^fXVXVXb*™mT¼a§½OY[ÑWEьe*¿¬fwhˆb*e£T=_^fXVXab*T¼ŸVw =°~Z]Y[b*Z]¤=\„fXYmVXT;n _]i=Y.Ž ˆb\– Vw_^VX b*T#Ž bd½BcQ[_^i=\&Y.1X =2Z]bd¿ ®O^ YŒ™Š_^VXb*¦›T»V`b*_]i² ~Ym¦Ze£Y[_]Vwœb*iZŒ¨G_^VX•„T=œ/i=Vgnš\„fXedY[_^e*Z]ŸIV`¢ \
_^\^bb*fXhe*_^T7VXb*VXT»T_^bdYmcQZ]Y[_]\–i=_^YVXT= =œZ]bd™u®ObYŒnš™Š_^ IYŒedŸZ]VX =\^Z]b*b*T§¤IfwbdY[c›n#•›jR«•›½?R³Ç¿l½OÑEed¿TIaŸVXYm•›fgŸ=R³\½O_]ÑEi=¿ŠY.¨š =Ò Z^b*i=®OY[VXfw™uY_^Y[•›Ÿ»R³\–½ÈbÇfwh=¿l_^aVXb*VXYmT;fgŸ=b*\lcQ_]_]i=i=YoYYuYu¢=¢=e*e*™u™u__
=Z]b*¤=fXYmn/¨
K ¬K&: %[(L 'Š@ )3†G4: ‚£K % y ~;< ˆF ‚i|˜L[D }
uwvŠu y DÀ$
+Y[\^VXŸ=Y[\._]i=YoV`_]YmZe£_]VwWY\–bfwh_]VwbT7b*c.½ ¿.b*c…_^Y[TeŸ=VwZ]Y[™u_)\–bfwh_]VwbŽ T¤a7Ž no5 e£_^Z]Vw¢7Ž VXTWYmZ\–VXb*T7VX\
™ubnš =h_^YŒŸ²hI\^VwTIœ5-Y ,hIed_^VXb*T ½ÈÊ¿VXT²_^i=Y;­=¢Y[Ÿ ~b*VXT_)c˜b*Z]<n ?Žš m?Žš Žš ÄÇI¨5•„i=ŽVX\
¤~ed•› IYRª =VwZ^Te*bWfwe*œYm™b*Z^iš_^Z]VXV`¤=Vg_]\i=fwYn"ÓjT=V?b£_]¨ Y*i=¦›¨IYT_^iIYmeVXedœ*\¬_›Y[fXT_^Y[i=eWEY)e*\O_^fwhIYm¡Ì(\ VXY[œ*,\„YmhITT=edW£Y[Z]edY[Y[Ÿ#fX\¬h=•›YŒT=\„Rbd_A¤ˆ½?YiINÀeEh=́W*TI•›Y.-Y R.,T=hIY[¿AœedÉ Î=e£f _]jmVwYmÏEWZ]ËÌY.¨”bIZ^¨¬MÌYŒ_M©edT/VgfC\ I™mb*b*e*T=TZ–fX__^a³\mZe*¨Z^Y\–•„_„,i=hI_^YmbšVwZ]Z]Y[Yu_]Ÿši=c˜bY_]Z^iIYVw_^e£jIYm_ NÀZe£?́_]•›Žš VwWR Y
bdŸ°Vg\OYm_]ZZ^\žVX¤=_^hi=_]Y³Vwb ˆT b¼\^\^ÉVXI¤=jVwfXŒVw_OËIa#•„b*ic±hˆ\mhIj£\^ IVwT=e*œ/Z–_\]\Gedbdnšc= =_]i=fXVwY›T=œ#\O_e£Ÿ_^Vg\OY„_]\^Z^ IVX¤=e*h™m_]Y±Vwb_^iˆTIe£\ _”/¦b*b_^h=i=fgY[ŸZž¤~_]YiIedZedTZ]Ym_]fXi=a.YšW\OVg_]\^Y[V`_]e*Y[Ÿ=ŸahI¡©\–TI_]Ÿe£Ym_]YZ
_^ediI IY³ =Z^\–bE_^¢YŒe*VXnoŸae£¡©_^\OVX_b*e£To_^Y³b*cCŸ_^VgiI\O_]YAZ^VXW£¤=edhfXh=_]VwYAbT§c˜h=™mTIe*™uT§_^VXb*T=T#b£¦$n³b¤~Z^Y«YAWZ^VgY[\–fwVwVg_^edYŒ¤IŸfwYnš¨Â•„b*Z]iIYVX\c˜Z]VX-Y \,T=h=YŒY[™uTYŒ_]\^fw\]aedZ]¦›ašiIV`VXcC™i5_]i=noYle*Z^YŒÓ*\–Y[h=\žfw_„_^iIbdY c
_^ ~iIb*YfXVX™me*a§™Š_]YmVwbW£T#e*fwhI™iIedb*_^VXVgb*™uY.TVw\–T/iIb*Zedh=Z]fgYmŸ§fXao¤~YoWVXhI\^V`\^_]Y[Y[Ÿ¼Ÿ#VX\OT_e£e/_]Y[ ~\„b*nofXVgeE™uaa5¤~VXnšY =¤IZ^e*b£ŸWYmÉ nšEËÅYm¨ T_\–_^Ym ¤~Y[™[edhI\^Yšbd_^iIYmZ]¦›VX\^Y
_^Ö=ediIZ]b¤=VXZ„\;Vw_^_^Z^Zi=YŒedYl\–Z]h=a«c˜bfw_]\]fw\šXedb£nš¦›VXT =VwTIfXT=Vwœ³TIb²œ«fXYufX_„ŸbVg\]_]\O\ši=_]Z^Y.bdVX¤=c.c˜Y[hœ*ed_]Y[_^VwT=bh=TYmZ]ZY.~ednšfX¨”V`_OedMÌac—_^¨ Z]_^V`i=¢»NÀY[Í=Z^iIY.•›eEW*edR YAZ]Yžc˜edh=\–fX_]fXfwfQb£e£¦U_]™uY[b\³\ fwh=_]>žnšb(_^T#iI\^ede*Z]_„nše*T=e* =Z^ÓfwYUY/¨ TIKž_]bdi=\›_Y§ŸW\–YŒVg_]\–\^edVw™m_^_^Z^YŒY[VXŸ¤ˆ\YŒh=¦›Ÿ»TˆV`e*Ÿ_]i¤ˆYmZb£e*WˆT Y j
0
-
0
0
0
/
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
*
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
.*
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
*
0
0
0
0
0
0
*
0
0
0
0
-
0
0
/
-
VŦ›¨ YVw_^¨ i=~b½Eh>Œ_«¿ fX b\]Ç=\jb*_]cUi=œ*YmT7YmTI_^Ymi=ZYŒed\–fXV`Yo_Oa7\–_]¦ed_^Y;Y[\e\^™[\^edh=T7nš¤ˆYoYš_]iIYmfXe£VXn³_«VX_^TIi=edY#_^Y[noŸ§e£c˜_^Z]Z]b*Vw¢Dn ‹ _^iIYЯ5ŸedVXZ]e*Ó*œIb£½ W/¿™iIVg\«edVXVwTCT¨³W*Y[ÁUZ–_]YmVwTˆ¤I™ufwY*Yj¨
•„\^b*i=fXhYŒ_^\–YVXb*T#™mb*VXTI\UŸœ*Vw_^VXW*VXb*YmTˆT»\›¤Yma TI\^h=Z]Y._^i=YVXTW*Y[Z–_]Vw¤=VXfXV`_Oa»bdc ?Žš Ž V e*TIŸ/e*™[™ub*ZŸVXT=œ³_^b5É ÎIjIÏ£ËQ_^iIY)NÀ́•›R
m Žš Ž $½I\ Žš Ž ¿ ^ Žš Ž Y
½–ьؿ
Ž
Ž
¬Ub*_^Yj¬_]iIe£_o_]i=Ynoe£_^Z]VwŒ
\m?^hIŽš ™Ži©_^iˆe£m _;Ž @¡_]i=e*Y§\›nšŸVgb\^Ÿ™mhIY[f \]¢\–2YŒŸ?ŸŽšVXT¼bYŒÉ \;Ï£edËÌTIT=¨±Ÿb*•„_»i=_^i=T=Vg\„YY[Y[n³WŸYŒY[ed™u_]TI_^bb*\[Z j¤~_^Y§iˆšŽ e£Ó_„T=b£_^™m¦›i=edYTCT¨•›¤~R³Y5¬U½ÈbdǙu_]¿„bY7n³\–be* IfwfXhh\^_]_^b²VwYŒbŸ(_^Tiˆc˜e£mZ]_»b*Žš n VXŽ T3\^edœe*TIYmn³Ÿ;T= IY[_^Z]fwiIYŒe*Y\ f
•›R³½Oь¿„\^b*fXh_]VwbT m Ž @¡ noeEa;ŸVw°~Y[ZU¦›i=YmT#c˜h=Tˆ™Š_^VXb*Te* = =Z]bE¢VXnoe£_]VwbTVX\UhI\–YŒŸ—¨
¦„RAedfXeEYmœ*ao ~bYmZ^bdVwTI_^cGŸiI™mVXn$b*T=nšœ²nš =beEhT(a_]VwŸ=_^TIiIVwœšWY/Ym_^Z]\]i=œ*edYlY„nš­=Ÿ =¢h=fXY[VXYT=Ÿ#_^œ²b. ~Ÿb* ~VXVXbT\–_^\^_„Z]V`_]VXb*Vw¤=c„WhY½?_^ÊVXY[b*¿VwœT ¤~YmY[T¼™mW£e*ed_^hIi=fXh=\^Y5YAY[\[NG_]¨Qi=́ÁžY•›b£™uR ¦bZ^Y[edZ]W*Y[ IYm\^ =ZŒ ~Z^j£b*bVwcITIe*_^Ÿ™iIi(VXT=YUœ«no•›V`eER«_]a²Ym½?ZÇe£¤~¿G_^Y#VXedW*fX_^Yœ*i=bY/•›Z^VwR³b*_^i=TI½ÈÇnfwa ¿
™ubTW*YmZ]œ*YŒ\±_]i=YfXVwnšVw_ž™ub*VXTI. ™mVXŸYŒ\„¦›V`_]i#_^i=YNǴ•›R \^b*fXh_^VXb*T m?Žš Ž ¨
Ö=bZ„_^i=YW£e*fwh=Ylc˜h=Tˆ™Š_^VXb*V T Ž š Ž e*™iIVwY[W*Y[Ÿ;¤ao_^i=YNǴ•›R e*fwœb*Z]V`_]i=n"_^iIY.c˜Vb*fXfwb£¦›VXT=œ³i=b*fgŸ=\
. Ž
V
Ž š hnm Žš Ž ª hlI½ \ Žš Ž !¿ ^ Žš Ž ch̓½ \ Žš Ž ¿ š “½ \ Žš Ž ¿ ^ I½ \ Žš Ž ¿ š Žš Ž
V
A ­  ^ Ž Ž ^ . M © Ž . M Y
½–Ñ[Ï¿
Ž
Ò¼noe£YU_]ŸZ^VwYu€¢ ­ITI‹€?Y š ‹€Ž š Vg\\–ªanšB½ [nnš\9Yu_^1XZ]Vg2™žI¿ edšwTˆ‹€Ÿoš ˆh›b\–hLVw_^šwVXW*‹ Yl\–B½ Y[[nš\9V`13¡©Ÿ2Yu­ˆ¿Š¨ T=V`Kž_]Y*\ ¨±h›ÁžhLYmš/TI™mVXY*\±j\^V`VX_›T=œ*Ÿh=Yu­ˆfgedT=Z”Y[VX\Tše)œ*Y[\^YmT=nšYmZVwed¡ÅT=fÅj£b_^Z^iIn Y
.9M
Š™3‰ Ž ¨Ã•„ihI\[j±_]i=Y5NÀ́•›R \^b*fXh_]VwbTVg\šb*¤_edVXT=Y[Ÿ8¤a² =Z^b*®OY[™u_^VXT=œ
Z]Y[\^ ˆYŒ™Š_._^&b.9M ŠP$Š Ž . ¨ Ž K›c…_]YmZiIeEWVXT=œ/ŸY[Ÿhˆ™uY[Ÿ§_^iIVX\Ž TIYm¦ªZ]Ymfge£_]VwbT§¤~Yu_O¦YmY[T§b*T_]_^i=bYšÉ•h¬b* Ëž_]¦›VwnoV`_]edi f
\^,b*hIfXe*hŸ=_^VXZ]b*edT _^Vg™Ab¤®Oe*Y[TI™uŸ _^VXW*YAŽ š c˜h=TI¦™u_^Y»VXb*™[TCed¨ T™iˆedZe*™Š_]YmZ]VX\^Y m?Žš e\)nšVXT=VwnšVg\–VXT=œ§_^i=Y/™ubZ^Z]Y[\^ ˆbTIŸVXT=œ
nš¥§¦…VwT ¨ ØÑ Š hnm \ . M Š ªŽ ØÑ Ÿ½ hnm Žš Ž \ . M ¿ š ‹ š Ž Ÿ½ hnm Žš Ž \ . M ¿ ØÑ ‰ . Ž š Ž \ . M ‰ ªŽ Y ½–Ñmο
MÌVg\_;m™mY[e*Z^Tbˆj¤~VÅY5¨ Y*\–¨ iIŠb£ .¦›Ž T(š Ž _^\iˆe£.N_oM _^ŠiI ªŽ YWE e*fwhI Y#Ç=b*¨cž_]Ò i=Y/V`_]b*i ¤®O-Y YŒ,™ŠhI_^edVXW*_^Y#VXb*T$c˜h=Tˆ½OÑ[™ŠÎ_^VX¿³b*TæY5c˜biIZ«eE_]W*i=YY5\^NÀi=Í=b£¦›•›TÃR _^\–iIbedfwh=__^_^VXb*iIT Y
NÀ\^VwÍ=nš•›VXfXR¥e*ZA\–_]bb²fwh=½_^«*VXb*¿u¨oT¼•„n³i=VXT=YšVXnšb*T=VXfX\^a§Y[\Ÿe/Vw°~™uY[Y[Z^Z–Y[_TIed™uVXYšT7fXY[VwYŒZ^\.Z]b*VwZlT7nš_^iIYuYo_]Z^VgT=™db*¨oZ]n •„i=_^YšiIedc˜b_Z^VXn \.hˆb*\–c¬YŒ_]Ÿ—i=¨³VX\•„YmiIZ]VXZ^\.bZAh=TInšV`­IYuYŒ_]Z^\.Vg™³_^iIVXY\
™iIe*Z]e™Š_^Y[Z^Vg\]e£_^VXb*T;bdcQ_]i=Y\^b*fXh_^VXb*TI\_]iIe£_že*Z^Ye™i=VwY[W*YŒŸ¤a;ŸVw°~Y[Z^Y[T_žedfXœ*b*Z]Vw_^i=no\[¨
uwv y DÀK79;K %-|W†G:=< ‚E: W|?KJL ~»< ~$F ‚i|˜LŒWD }
•„ÉwÑui=ËQY[ŸZ^VXY.Z^YŒVg™Š\›_]fwe³a»_^n³i=VXVXZ]T=Ÿ#VXnšed IVX\^ =Y[Z^\b_]e*i=™Yi;¦_^boY[Vw\–œbifw_^WY[VXŸT=œš+-Y Ym,fXfwhInoede*_^VXT#b*TY[Z^½Z]b*¿uZ ¨±•„i=Y.Z^YŒ\–VgŸhIe*f—œ*Ze*ŸVXYmT_›edfXœ*bZ^Vw_^i=n
ÑØ ‰wB½ [N\]132¿ hnm©\ 6 ‰ ªŽ
½–Ñ «¿
¤e«a/c˜b*œ*Z]Zn×e*Ÿ\^VXVwYmnšT_lVXfXe*Ÿ=Z„Y[\]_^™ub5YmT½ÈÊ_Œ¿¨.•„iIY«Z]SUY[T\^h=V fw_^VXT=œ;h=5 Ÿ=ed_^Y³Z^h=fXY)S b*5 c±_^iIY³ŸYm_^Y[Z^nšVXT=VX\–_^Vg™³edfXœ*b*Z]Vw_^i=n iIe\
m ½ [ Ž “¿ m
½–Ñ ¿
Ž ¦›Vw_^i
6
Ž \h š B½ [N\]132¿ š ‹ ½ [0\£1X2(¿ h
½–Ñ *¿
Ž Gh š B½ [N\]132 š I¿ ‹ ¦›ŸVgi=edY[œZ^b*Y TIe*‹ f?‡¨»KAVg\«\e*edœfXedf±VXTY[T_^_]iIZ^VXY#Y[\Ÿb*VgedT¼œb*_^TIi=Y»e*f±ŸnoVXe*e£œ*_]bZ^TIVw¢²edf”¦›edV`Z]_]Yoi(T=_^biIT=Y;T=WYmVXœ\^e£Vw_]_]e£VwW_]Y*Vwbwj T(‹ =;Z]b*™[¤IedTe*¤=¤~VXfwY;V _^VXŸY[Y[\ ™mb*nš= b* ~T(b\^VwY[_]Ÿ \
"
!
XV•„Ti=_]bY[Z^Ymc˜b*‹ Z]Y*j?š  ‹ ¨ÂVg\#ÁžYmT=TIYm™mœY*e£j_^VX¦W*YAY¼™m\–edY[Tšnš¦›VXŸZ]YmV`_]­IY?T=Vw_^YŽ ¨¥ MÌc\hн  iIe‹ \»c˜½h=[fw\€™m13b*2fXh=¿nšh„T ¿ š Z edT=‹ Ó ½Be*[TI\‡Ÿc1X‹ 2¼¿(hAVX\ ¨
Ž Z]Ymœ*hIfXe*Z[j[V?¨ Y*¨[_^i=Y¬WVg\^V`_e£_^VXb*T IZ^b¤Ied¤=VXfXV`_Oažc˜b*ZQY[W*Y[Z^al\O_e£_^Y¬VX\Q ˆb\–Vw_^VXW*Yj[_]i=YmT0 Ž Vg\CT=Y[œe£_]VwWY
_^_^ŸiIiIYmY«Y­IT=¦Z]VwY[_^Y[\^Y*VwVXœ¨”Ÿ=ihI•„_]edVwi=TIfGY[€œ œ*Z^ZYm‹ e*c˜b*ŸZ]VXjY*Ym_]jdTi=e*_.Yfw=edc˜fXY[h=œ*VwTIœb*YmZ]™uVwT_^_^VXW£i=b*ednTfXh=edY[½O I\GÑ =b*Z^¿UXc bEc˜¢b*VXŽZ.no e»e£_^e*Ÿ=bZ^Y[?Z Y„™mh3T=eEaY[e*œVXT=TIedœ_^Ÿ»VXW*fX_^Y[Y*i=e*j*Y.Z^¦›T=_]VXi=Z]T=e*VXœ»™TIi³\–Z]Vwaed_^_^VwVXY[b*Y)fXT/ŸIVXTI\± =Ÿ™uZ]Y[b*b ˆ¤ˆTY[WedTIYm¤=ŸZ]VXfwœ*Y[V Y[T_^VXTI_]Y[fw™u\›a§Y2šbdbdcc ¨
_^•„É ØEiIi=ËCYYAc˜bZ^Y-YŒZ„,\–_^Vgh=Ÿi=VXhIWEYe*e*Y fwf—Y[,œ*TIhIZ™uVwe*W£YAŸedbdVXfXYmYmc—TTˆ_]_U™ui=Y.YžedfXbdfXœ*VwcGnšb_^Z^Vwi=Vw__^YiIW£Ÿ=n×e*Yufwh=_^™mY[YAe*Z^T#bdnšc—¤~VX_]T=Yi=Vg\OYl =_]Z]VXŸ=™b£YuW*_^e*Y[Y[TIT»Z^Ÿ»nš¦›_^VXT=i=Vw_^VgYi\O_]\–e*VX_^™AT/bed™e*iITIZ^eŸšœ\Oh=_]_]VXi=nš™lYAYmW*T\–Y[_^_žZ]b\^\^™VXVwiIb*nšT#eVX\OfXbd_]e*VXcQZ„™ž_]_^W*i=bšY[Y)Z]_^\^•›iˆVwbe£R³Tš_ž½ÈÇVXbdT ¿c
edfXœ*bZ^Vw_^iInªVXToY-,hIe£_]VwbTI\U½ d¿±e*TIŸ/½ÈÊ¿”Z]Y[\^ ˆYŒ™Š_^VXW*Y[fwa¨W¬žbd_^Yledfg\–bl_]iIe£__^i=YUnoed_^Z]V`¢ Ž e*TIŸ
_^_^iIbšY¤~W*YYŒÓ™ŠT=_^bb£Z ¦›T;Ž c˜ bZ„™[_^edi=T/Y¤ˆŸ=Y«Yu_^™uY[b*Z^nšnš =VXT=h=Vg_^\OY[_]Ÿ#VX™.c˜Z]Z]b*Y[n\^VXŸ=\]hIedednšf—œ =Z]fXY[e\UŸVw\^Y[bšT_„_^iIe*edfwœ_Ub*_^Z]iIV`_]Y)i=nšn/b¨ ŸYmf 2 Ÿ=bYŒ\›T=b*_žT=YmYŒŸ
M̙u›c bnš =Ž h _^YŒVgŸ#\VwWTVgWe«Ym_^Z^i=_^VXY.¤=fw­IYo¢e/YŒŸ#h= ˆTIbŠV ,VwTh=_„Yoc˜fXb*VwZ]nšn/Vw_)j=¦›bdci=_^Vg™iIi»YoaV`_]VXYmYmfgZŸ=e£\„_^VX_^b*iITY½OT=Ñ Ym¦6¿lYmVXŸ¢Y[Vg\–T_]_^\[Vw¨_Oa MÌ_)™me*T¼¤~YŸVXZ^YŒ™Š_]fwa
6
V
V
m Ž I½ \ Ž ¢¿ ^ Ž Ÿ½ h š B½ [N\]132¿ š ‹ ½ [0\£1X2(¿ h„!¿ ^ h š ½ [#\£1X2¿ š ‹ Y ½–Ñ ¿
•„½˜Îi=¿Vg\bdcÀ\–b_^i=fwh=Y_^VXe*b* =T§ =Z]b*bEc¬¢_]VXi=noYše£_]Z^YYŒ\–+VgŸYmhIfXfXe*nšfGe*œT/Z]eY-Ÿ,VXYmhITe£_l_]Vwbe*fwT¼œb*½ Z]V`¿_]i=e*n \›Ÿ=VXY[\l\]™uZ]YmZ]Vwfg¤~e£_]Y[Y[Ÿ#ŸVXT;_]b#_]i=_^i=Y.Yšc˜b*b*fX =fwb£_^¦›VXnšVXT=e*œšf±fX\–Ymbnšfwh=no_^VXe=b*T¨
¬„K }&}: yI}Avmz£r ‡€ÅƒÈz£| m Ž zOsž€…yI}žp]}ŠvŠƒÈ†£‡Iqd&r dp^q†£ƒÈ}m|I€¬qdr zdpŠƒ…€…yÕ ” @¡ƒ…€…y ¬}mƒ Œy€?ƒ…| šÕoq£‰
€ÅpŠƒ ‹ ƒgvž} u‡ƒ £q£rX}u|ˆ€Q€©z.€…yI}žzÔ~€Åƒ…ÕšqdrvŠ‡ŒÔ=}mp [ƒgvm}†rX}]qdpŠ|Iƒ…‹ | . vmz£r ‡€ÅƒÈB½ z£[N| \]m 13Ž
2“¿ šW‹zOs€…B½ yI[N}ž\]qÔ*13Ô~2p]z ¿ ‰
ƒ…Õoq£€©} A}ur…r`՚qd|} m‡Iq£€ÅƒÈz£| ”ƒ…€˜y ¬}uƒ Ey€Åƒ…| »Õoq£€ÅpŠƒ t
7‚£FCF~
> V
6
m Ž ªE½ h š B½ [#\£1X2¿ šV ‹ B½ [N\]132¿ h„¿ ^ h š B½ [N\]132¿ š ‹ V 6
ªE½ h š ‹ h„!¿ ^ V h š B½ [#\£13. 2M ¿ š ‹ @B½ ¡ [0\]132¿u½ [0\£1X2¢¿ ^
ªE½ h š ‹ h„!¿ ^ h š ‹ m Ž ¦›i=Y[Z^Y.¦Ylhˆ\–YŒŸ;_]i=Y.cÈe*™u_›_^iIed_ .ˆM B½ [N\]132¿ ^ V 6 ¨
•„i=Y[Z^Ymc˜b*Z]Y*.ˆ›j M m Ž ™me*T3¤ˆY7VwT_]YmZ] =Z^Ym_^YŒŸ3e*\;_^i=Y¼b*Z^_^iIb*œ*bTIedfž =Z^b*®OY[™u_^VXb*T bdc)_^i=Y7b* _]Vwnoedf
a\^b*VwY[fXhfXŸI_^\›VXb*ešT T=Ym¦6b*-Y T,_^h=b3VXWEe*•É h¬fwY[ËAT6 _›¦›c˜Vwb*_^i Z]n)Z]h=Y[fg\^e ~Y[c˜b™Š_;Z„_^_^i=b0Y _^+iIY§Y[fwX\^no™[ededfgT/ed6 ZoYmZ] =Z^Z]bbZlŸ½–hIÑ ™u«_»¿ ŸYu­ˆT=Y[Ÿ¤a ‹6 ¨•„i=VX\
ØÑ ‰wB½ Ñ [N\]132¿ .hnm©M \ ‰ ªŽ ØÑ ½–B½ [N\]132¿ hnm©\ ¿ . š M ‹ ½^B½ [0Ñ \£132¿ hn. m©M \ ¿
Ø ½Ehnm©\ ¿ š ½B[#\£132¿ š ‹ ½B[N\]132¿u½Ÿhnm©\ ¿ Ø Š hnm©\ Š ªŽ Y ½–Ñ[Ê¿
•„ŸVXi=YmNYT_+edY[fXfwœ*XnobZ^edVw_^T5i=n/Y[Z^Z]0¨ b*KAZ›\AVg\›¦_]Y³i=Y)iIeEbW*¤Yž®OY[®O™uhI_^\OVXW*_Y\^i=c˜h=b£Tˆ¦›™ŠTC_^VXjb*_]T5i=VX_^\.iIedb_ž¤®OVXY[\A™unš_^VXW*VwTIY)Vwnšc˜h=VgTI\–YŒ™Š_]Ÿ/Vwb¤T¼a#™[_]edi=T7Y¤ˆZ]Y[Yš\^VXYuŸ¢hˆ =edZ]fQY[\]œ\^Z]Y[edŸ ¡
VX•„TihIe\[c˜jIb¦Z^nYiI\^eEVwnšW*YVXfX\^e*i=Zb£_^¦›bÃT/½_]«iI¿Še£j”_U¦›_]i=i=Y[Y«Z^Y;\^b*_^fXi=hY»_]Vwbb*TT=fXbda²cŸ_^V`i=°Y«YmZ]Z^YmYŒTˆ\–Vg™uŸY;hIfXe*VXfCY[\«œ*ZVwe*T²Ÿ=_]VwY[i=TY;_žTIe*b*fwœZ]nb*Z]V`_]_]i=iInÄe£_³™[VXed\«.NT5hIM e*\^Y[fX\^Ÿ—b ¨
¤~Kž. Y.\A™eoiˆedŸZVXZ^e*YŒ™Š™Š_]_AYmZ]™mVXb*\^Y[TIŸš\^Y-VX,T»h=_^Y[i=TIY.™uY.9œ*Y[¦M T=YYmZ™mede*f~Tc˜ZZ^edY[nš =Z^YmYŒ¦\–Y[b*TZ]Ó³__]bdi=c Y«,hI\^b*efXŸhZ_]e£Vwb_^VgT/™UeY[\UZ^Z]edb*TZnšbZ–Yu_]_]i=Z^b*Vg™mœ#\ b*TIŠ e*hnfmq =Z^\ b*®OY[™u_^ŠVX b*Ž.T ¨
Ž Ghnm Ž © Ž ¨
Kž™[™ubZ]ŸVXT=œ._]b)\–YŒ™Š_]VwbTšÏI¨ ØedTšV`_]YmZe£_]VwbTobdc_^i=YUc˜b*Z]nн–Ñ ¿GœYmT=Y[Z]e*fwXa«™mb*TW*Y[Z^œY[\Àc˜b*Znoe£_^Z]Vw¡
Vg™u\UYŒ\\–aªnš¦›nšV`Yu_]_]i§Z^VgY[™Vwœe*Ym\]T\–hIW£Z^edYŒfXh=\›Y[™u\Ub*T_^iIWedYm_AZ]œ*iIYmeETˆW™uYYlT=YmW*YmœY[T#e£_]c˜Vwb*WZUY\^Z^VwYŒT=edœfGh= Ifgeded?ZZ^_] \[¨žŽ Áž b£É ¦£ËY[W*B½ ±YmZŒZ]j=b*_] ~i=bY«\^VwcÈ_^e*VXb*™ŠT¼_A_^ьiI¿Šed¨_7•„ iŽhI\mj
!
!
Xfœ*•GY[Zedede*¤=Z]Ÿ=T=fXVwYVXY[T=TÑPœo_¬³½?½?́ÆA¾›NGkW¿”Ym¿QZ]edWe* IfwVw =œY[¦b*Z^bZ]V`e*b£_]™W*i=iCY[n6jEZ._]e*_^i=i=Z^YUY¬Y•›e*\^TIR³b*edfX½ÈhfXÇa_^¿±\–VXb*YŒedTˆŸlfXœ*\Vwb*TbdZ]c›_]Vw_^YmŸi=Z]noVwn/°~\CY[j£Z^_]bdY[i=cTYU_]_³i=NÀY¾Ú™mN•›b*R6TIedŸ=fXœ*edV`_]fXbœ*VwZ^bbVwTI_^Z^i=\CVw_^nob*i=cIn\[\–¨bedfw•„TIW£i=edŸ«¤IY;_^VwiIfX\^V`h=Y›_Oa ~Z^¨QYmYŒZ]¯\–WVgŸbVg\^hIZ^Y[Yme*Ÿ ¡f
b£edW*TˆY[Ÿ(Z[j*™¦iIedYlZ.ˆ\–e*h=™uM nš_^Y[noZ^Vg\–edYšZ]Vg_]\–i=Y„Y»_]i=Ÿ=YžV`°bYm Z]_^YmVXTnš_oVX\]\–e£b_]fwVwhb_]TVwb™uTIZ]\V`_]YmVXT(Z]VXe._]Ym_]Z]iInoe£_\)_^b*i=c›Yl_^Ÿi=VwY»°~Y[ =Z^Z^Y[b*T®O_Y[™ued_^fXVXœ*b*b*T(Z]Vwb*_^i=c›no_^i=\±Y»nšb*VX T=_]VXn³VwnoVg\^edY f
\^b*fXh_^VXb*T bT_^bÉ h¬Ę̈”MÌcG_^i=YWVg\–Vw_]ed_^VXb*T/ŸVX\–_^Z]VX¤=h_^VXb*T/Vg\›edZ]¤=Vw_^ZedZ]a*j¦Y.¦›Z]V`_]Y ~¨
́N
•›R NÀ́•›R ¾›k
\^b*fXW£ed¤=VXfwV _OXa ™mb*TIŸVw_^VXb*T#c˜bZ = ¾›Y½ = ¿ Ç = Ç ¾›Y½ = ¿ ÃÇ
™mb*TIŸVw_^VXb*T#c˜bZ
½ >E¿ Ç
b* =_^VXn³Vg\]e£_^VXb*T/™uZ]Vw_^YmZ]VXb*T Y ,ˆ¨CE½ .ˆ«*¿M -Y ,~¨C½– Ñm.ˆÎ¿ M -Y ,~¨Q½– Ñm.ˆÎ¿ M Y ,ˆ¨C½–Ñ[.ˆÊ¿ M
™iIe*Z]e™Š_]YmZ]VX\]e£_]VwbT;e*\„ =Z]bd®OYŒ™Š_]VwbT  Ž  Ž  Ž  Ž _^iIYZ^YŒ\–VgŸhIe*f”œ*Ze*ŸVXYmT_edfXœ*bZ^Vw_^iIn ½OÑ ¿.™ubTW*YmZ]œ*YŒ\Uc˜bZ)edTa7nšed_^Z]V`:¢ Ž _^iˆe£_Vg\bdc_^iIY
c˜b*Z]n ½OÑ d¿edTIŸ;VwT#™me\–Y Ž VX\Z]Ymœ*hIfXe*Z±_^iIYlfXVXn³Vw_›VX\œVwWYmT¤a5½OÑ ¿u¨ ¬žbd_]Yž_]iIe£_Ue«nšed_^Z]V`¢
h ¦›i=Vg™iŸbYŒ\)T=b*_³iˆeEW*Yoc˜h=fXfU™ubfwhIn³TZ]e*T=ÓfwYŒe*Ÿ=\)_^b¼edn)¤IVwœh=b*hI\«\–bfwh=_^VXb*TIˆ\ m _^iIed_
ŸY[ ˆY[TIŸ/b*T#_^iIYVwTIV`_]VXe*fQW£edfXh=#Y m ­ ¨Ážb£¦Y[W*YmZŒj_^iIY™ub*Z]Z]Y[\^ ˆbTIŸVXT=œ . Ž hnm Ž Ž ed Z]Y._^iIY
\]•„edinšhIY*\[¨³j_^Ö=i=b*Y)ZfwVX\^nšVwTIV`œ*_ h=. fged 7Z ‹ nš³eE_^a;i=YoT=bdno_Ue£¤~_]Z^YVw]¢ h=T=‹ ZV , h= Y¤=Ðh_A½ [9nš\'eEa»1X2ŸYmI¿ ~šwYm‹ TIŸ/B½ [Vw_]\^\DYmfw13c”2b*T»¿ž_^Vg\i=Y)edfgVw\^T=b»Vw_^\^VgedVwT=fQœWEh=e*fgfwedhIZŒY ¨
Ž
m ­ ¨”•„i=YAZ]Y[e\–bToVX\_]iIe£__^i=Y[. Z^YAnoeEao.N¤ˆM Y.e¦›i=bfwYl\–hI¤I\– ˆe*™uYAbdcÉ•h¬Ë—¦›V`_]i»ŸVXnšYmTI\^VXb*T;fgedZ]œ*Y[Z
_^iˆedT [YmZ]b›_^iˆe£_Ân³VXT=VXnšVX\^Y[. ›\ Š Ž \ ‰ Ž ¤~Y[™[edhI\^Y Š— Š Ž VX\GT=b£¦²bT=fwaeA\–Y[n³Vw¡ÌT=b*Z]n/¨
+h_Uc˜bZžedfXfCnšVwTIVwnšVg\–VXT=œ Ž _]i=NY . +YmfXfXnše*T/YmZ]Z^bZVg\›_]i=Y)\]ednšY*jIV?¨ Y*¨=¦›Vw_^iZ]Y[\^ ~Y[™Š_›_]bo_^iIY
+YmfXfwnoe*T»Y[Z^Z]b*Z›edfXf_^iIY\–bfwh_]VwbTI\ Ž e*Z^YlY-,h=VXW£edfXYmT_)É £Ë½B¬Z^b ˆb\–Vw_^VXb*T7ь¿Š¨
uwv @ CJG$F { %-| %šFˆ>›LŒDÀK |¬@K ‚EKJL@CF~B< †À-L |?FˆJ %
M©Z]TV`_]i=•Ànoe*\¤=fXaY¼VXYmÑfgŸ—¦¨ Y/KUTœ*VXW*́YN¼e¼\–b¤=fwh=Z]_^VwYmVXb*clT»b£W™[edYmZ]T»W¤ˆVXYmY.¦×™ubbdn³cl I_^i=hY5_^YŒ\^Ÿb*c˜fXhbZ„_^VXb*e*TˆZ^¤I\³V`_]_^Z]iIe*edZ^_oa³_^¦i=Y[Y5VwœŸiVw_^°VXT=YmZ]œ)YmTno_;e£_]¾UZ^N$Vg™uYŒed\ fXœ*‹ b*¡
VX¾›TIkŸhI¿ž™m\^Y[b*Ÿ²fXW£¤eda¤=VXfXeV`_Oa5\^e*™mn³b* ITIfwŸVXT=Vw_^œ§VXb*ŸTˆVg\A\–_^™[Z]edVw¤=T§h=¤~_^VXY³b*T YmVw_^~i=¨5Y[ZAÖ=c˜b*bZ)Z^n«_^i=h=Yfge£_^_^i=YŒZ]Ÿ5YmY;VXT5¾ž_]N YmZ]nšedfXœ*\lbb*Z^c±Vw_^_^iIi=nšY³\;YmVX½Èœ*•›Y[R«TWEjGe*NGfwhÍY[•›\AR)bdc j
_^•›iIR³Y»½ÈVwÇ_^¿Y[Z]ededfX_^œ*VXb*b*T²Z]Vw_^noi=n e£_]Z^iIVw&¢ e*\×_^i=bY5Z)nšVXT(b_^\O_Y[Z^Z]noY[\«\–_^Z]bdVXc›™u_^_]VXi=W*Y#Y5\]™medb*nšTIŸ =VwfX_^VXVXT=b*œ§Tˆ\oŸVgc˜\Ob*_]Z»Z^VX¤=\–bhfw_]W£Vwedb¤IT VwfX~V`_O¨¼a8•„¤ˆiIb*_^Y;iVw_^c˜YmbZZe£_]_^VwiIWYY
YmedVXTˆœ*ŸšY[Tc˜WEb*e*Zfw_^hIi=Y[Y.\›\]b*edc”nš_^i= =YfXVwT=Vw_^œ³Y[Z]ŸedVg_^\OVX_]b*Z^TVX¤=hno_]e£Vwb_]TZ^Vw¢ ˆj¦›j~i=¦›Vg™i=ib\^n«YhIZ]\OY[_„ed-YfQ, IhIede*Z^fI_]\ž_]i=n)Y.hI\O\–_]_žY[e*¤~Ÿ=Y«a\^¡©\–nš_]e£e*_]fwXYžYmZžŸVg_^\OiI_]Z^e*VXT ¤=hm_]Y[VwZ^bbˆT j
”c˜h=¨›fXfC•„™ui=bY)fwh=NGnšÍT»•›Z]R e*T=nšÓoYued_]TIi=Ÿ;bŸ/V`cÀb*_^T=i=fXY.a#WZ^VXY \^,Vw_]hIe£Vw_]Z]VwY[b\„T;VXTŸW*Vg\OYm_]Z^Z^_^VXVX¤=¤=hVXfw_]V Vw_Oba;T b*oc ?\]edšŽ nšŽ =¨›fXY[•„\i=YmVXW\UYmVXZ]\Aaš\^\–ed_]_^edVg_^\OY#­IYŒ>lŸ#VwT=V`Lc ­IhT=Vw_^iIYmefXa \
bd™ubc…_]TYmW*TCYmjZ]VŜ*¨ YYŒ\¨ ~VwTˆE½ Ÿ>Œ¿Ym ~ YmTIǟ=c˜YmbTZ_^fXe*aofw3bd>#c ošed„TI¨ÂŸšM©T»_]i=™mYAb*T™mb*_^ZTIe*™m\–Z^_±Ym_^_]?Y b _^iˆŽ e£ __^¤~i=Y[Yl™me*Z^hIYŒ\–\^VgYžŸedhIfXe*fIfI_]œi=Z]Y[e\^ŸYUVwnoY[Te£__]Z^edVgfX™uœ*YŒb\±Z^VwiI_^eEi=Wn Y
YmVXœ*Y[TWEe*fwhIY[\¦›V`_]iT=b*TI ˆb\–Vw_^VXW*YlZ^YŒedf— Ie*Z–_\m¨
KUfXfQ\^b*fXh.ˆ_^VXM b*Tˆ\›™medT#¤~Y.™iˆedZe*™Š_]YmZ]VX\^Y[Ÿ»e*\nšVwTIVwnšVg\–VXT=œe ,hIe*ŸZe£_]VX™Ab* =_^VXn³Vg\]e£_^VXb*T/™uZ]Vw_^YmZ]VXb*T
Š hnm \ ‰ Ž(¦›Vw_^io™mb*Z]Z^YŒ\– ~b*TIŸ=VwT=œlnoe£_]Z^Vwˆ¢ ‹¨Â•„i=YÚN\^b*fXh_^VXb*T³b* _]VwnšVg\–YŒ\G_^i=Y›¦YmVXœ*i_]Y[Ÿ
,hIe*Ÿ=Z]ed_^Vg™±YmZ]Z]b*Z½E«*¿ujd¾„k b* _]VwnšVg\–YŒ\Q_]i=Y¦Y[Vwœi_]Y[Ÿ0+Y[fwXnoedT)Y[Z^Z]b*Z½OьʿÀedTIŸ¤~Žbd_]i³•›Re*TIŽ Ÿ
Z]NÀ\^Y[b*Í=\^fXh•› ˆ_^YŒR3VX™Šb*_^TIb*VXW* =\ Y[_^. fwVXan³¨;™mVge*\^Ò TY›¤ˆ_^Vw_^i=YiY ™iI_],i=edhIY;Ze*e*Ÿe*™uZ\]_^e£\^Y[_]h=Z^VXVgnš™\–YŒc˜ ŸAhI_^TIVXeb*™Š\CT_]VXVwnobbdT5c›edœ*½OZ]YŒÑmYm\—Îœ¿Âh=bdcfX¦›e*_]0ZVwi=_^Y¬io‹ b¦ jGYm_^VXV?VXœ*no¨ Y*i¨ ed_^VXf~T=\^E½ œb*>EfX¿ noh_]¥e£Vw_]bZ^Ç#T Vg™u.ˆc˜YŒb\ MZ)‹€h=edTIšfXLf ŸY[> ZÀedorŸTIVwŸ °~„Y[‹€jÀZ^_^Y[š iITY_
b*½È•›Z^_^R«iIb*jdœ*NÀbÍ=TI•›edRlfG =¿u¨dZ]bdÖ=®Ob*YŒZ”™Š\^_^VwVXTIb*Tˆœ*h=\ofged½˜b*Z =‹ _^VX›nš\–e*Y[f?Y¬jG_]¾›i=kYZ]¿AYme*noTIe*Ÿ¼Z^Ӂ =\ÀZ]b*bd®OT«Y[™ue*_^n)VXb*¤=TIVXœ*\AhI_]b*iIhIe£\G_\–nšbfwVXh=T=_^VwVXnšb*TIVg\–\ÀYVwTše/\^\^Y[Ym™Šnš_]VwVwb¡ÅT«T=bÏIZ^¨ nΈ¨
*
-
0
-
/
^_Z]NC. iˆYmYmMœ*e£_±hI_›hIfXVXe*\G\Z[­Ib¨GTI¤Rže*_]h=fwe*XYUVwa«T=_^YŒŸ=b.ŸoVX\]_^™uc˜iIbhIYUZ\]\GVwZ]TYm_^WœiIYmh=YUZ^fg_^™medVXe*Z¤=\^VwhYfXVw_Obdeda)c—TIebdŸ;cW,fwhhIYm_Ue. ¦\–edMVwY›¡ÅfXf_]iIed\–eE¤I_]W*edh=Y_^fXYŒe*ɕ\h¬Z¤~Z^ËXY[Y.© =WZ^) YŒVX\^\–Q#V`Y[_]TY[¨”Ÿ»_]•„e£Vw_]iT=VwhIb­I\mT)T=j*Vwb*_^_^i=cIYmfXYž_^aiIb*Y›b* c…WE_]_^e*VwYmnofwTQhIedjY„f~V?c˜¨ \–Y*h=b¨4TIfw‹h=™Š_]_^.VwVXbb*VXTT \
VX\›Ym¢=e*™Š_]fwa;Z^Y[ =Z^YŒ\–Y[T_]ed¤IfwYl¤ˆYŒ™me*hI\–Y o²É h¬Ę̈±¯bZ^Y[b£W*YmZŒjYmW*Y[Z^a; =Z^b*®OY[™u_^VXb*T#b* ~YmZe£_^bZ
 X) Q "!•É h¬Ë±Z^YŒŸhI™mY[\l_^b#_]i=YoVXŸ=YmT_^Vw_Oa*¨o•„i=Y[Z^Ymc˜b*Z]Y*jQe*fwÂ_]i=Yo =Z]bd®OY[™u_^VXb*T7b* ~YmZe£_^bZ]\Ac˜bZ
_^Z]iIYm =YZ]ŸY[\^V`°YmTYmZ]_]YmedT_^VX_žb*T#e*fwœedb*fXfZ]V`_^_]i=i=Ynoe*\fwœe*b*Z^Z]Y.V`_]Y i=,nohIVw\W£ed™mb*fXYmTTW*_›Y[Z^_]œb«Yž_]i=_]b³Y_^VgŸi=YmYTb_] V`_O_^aVX¨±noÁUedfCYmTˆ\^b*™uY*fXhjI_^¦›VXb*V`T_]i5. e9M ,¨ hIe\–Vw¡Å_]ed¤Ih=fXe*Z
· ¶ 3“ ^¹žºO· ¶ 
c˜Ò¼\^b*b*ZfXYh™uY[_^iInšVXeEb*W*TIYmYT\._l Ib*Z^fXcY[YŒe*e*\–Y[Z^fwÂTIT_]Vw_]T=Y[i=Ÿœ/Yšede*YufXT5¢=œ*edbednšZ^TIVwVX_^e*T=iIfwY[anšŸ¼\^VX\l\„ed™ufXb*œ*bcGbn)_]Z^i=¤=Vw_^Y«VXi=T=no\^YŒb*Ÿ§\[fXhjC¦›_]•›VwVwb_^R«i¼TI½?\„ÇfwVX_^¿uT=iˆjÀYŒe£NÀed_lZlÍ=e*•›c˜Z^h=R¥YTI™ueed_^™VXTIi=b*Ÿ§VXTYmW*_^ediIYŒ =Ÿ#Yo =Z^¤Z]YŒbEa/\–¢VgŸVwŸnoVwhI°~ede*Y[_^fGZ^VXY[b*œTTCZ]_že¨)ŸZ^•„VXY[YmVwiITT=Y_¡
b*ededfX¤=¤~œ*®Ob£bY[W*Z^™ŠY»Vw_]_^VwiIedWn#fXYœ*b*c˜jUh=Z]™[VwTˆ_^ed™Ši=T _^noVXb*¤~\TQY77¨™mb*™KATiIW*\Ae*Y[Z]e»eZ^œ™Š™uY[_]bYm\lTIZ]_^VX\–\^bˆY Y[,j±Ÿh=™mYme*e*TIT(\;™mY*¤ˆnšjY»VwY[T=eVwVXT™nš_]iYmVX\^Z]bdVX =T=c±Z^œ8_]Ymi=_^YŒŸY³Ÿ²Vw°WEe*Yme*Z]fw\«hIYmTYVwno_»c˜h=ed™uœTIbY™uZ^_^Z]bdVXY[b*c›\^TI ~_]\[b*i=j~TIY;_^ŸiIbVXedT= _l&œ _^VXbno,T=hIedY)efb*ŸYuc±Z]¢=ed_^e*_^iI™uVgY™_
W£¦edb*fXZ]h=Ó7Yl¦c˜h=Y;TI™uiI_^eEVXb*WT/Y;h=œVwTIWŸYmY[T²Z›_]e³i=™mY;b*­ˆZ]Z^Z]YŒ\–\–_³ ~™b*iITˆe*ŸZ]VweTI™Šœ)_]Ymb*Z]Z^VX_^\]iIe£b*_]Vwœ*bbT¼TIedb*f~c› =_^Z]i=bdY/®OYŒed™Š I_^VX =b*Z^TQbE¨G¢VXM©noT»e£_^_^iIY»VX\„•›œR«YmT=½?ÇY[Z]¿³e*\–fˆbc˜fwZh=ed_^nšVXb*YmT ¡
VXfXT5b£¦U_^\Y[Z^_^nobo\lWVwbdY[c¦ _^i=_]i=Y³Y)nš•›VwTIR³Vwnš½ÈÇVg¿›\^ed\–_^bVXfwb*h=T§_^VXb*b*T/cee*\›,Ymhˆ¢e*eŸ™ŠZ_Ue£_]\^VXb*™)fXhb*_^¤VXb*®OYŒT/™Š_^bdVXc”W*Y«ešc˜ =h=Z]TIbd™u®O_^YŒVX™Šb*_^TCYŒ¨«Ÿ;•„fXY[i=e*VXZ^\.TIVwe*T= =œo =Z] IbZ^e*b™¤=i7fwY[n/edfw¡ ¨
_^=¯iIZ]bY.bE¢Z^e*Y[Vw =nob£W* =e£YmZ]_]ZŒbEYj~¢Vw¦\–nobY³fwe£h=iI_]_^YžeEVXb*W*\^TYšb*fXb*\^hi=TI_^b£VXfwb*a¦›TCT5Ÿ¨ÂVw°~M©_]T;iIY[Zže£c˜_.hVXT_^_^h=iI_^Z]Y³iIY.Y)Z]Z^Y[YŒ¦\^\–VgYmYŒŸVXedœ*hIZied™_^fÂioVXT=œ¦Z]œeYlb*ŸVXcGTVwY[_]_]TYmi=_lTIY)Ÿ\^Y[b*_^Z^fXb³Z]hb*_^hIZžVXb*\^¤ˆTYžYm_]_Oedi=¦TIY.Y[Ÿ5YmZ^T/YŒ_^i=\–h=_^YšiIfw_]bY)\ Yu =_^¢=VXZ]noeY[™Š\^ed_AYmf±Te*_]edTIY[ =ŸŸ ¡
i=ed IY[Z^ =Y#Z^bEc˜¢b*VXZ»noŸe£Yu_^_]Y«YmZ]\–n³bfwhVXT=_]VXVwT=bœ¼T5_^¦›i=VwY§_^i¼YmZ]Z^Z^YŒb\– ~Z]\«Y[™ubd_žcl_^_^b/i=Y5eœŸ=VwV`W°YmYmT5Z]YmTITb*_;Z]\^n#b*fX¨h•„_^VXb*i=TIVg\l\¦›Z^Y[VwfXfXfÂed_^aVXVwW*Y[Y»fXŸ7_^be;™u_^iIZ]VwY_^Ymb*Z]VX b*_]TVwnoc˜bedZ f
\^YmfXY[™Š_]VwTIœ³Z]YmVXTc˜bZ]™mYmnšYmT_›fwYŒedZ]T=VXT=œ³e*fwœb*Z]V`_]i=no\_^iIed_že*™i=VXYmWYlb _^VXnoedfC\^b*fXh_^VXb*T ,hIedfXVw_Oa*¨
b!bC™‘ b ¶ X“ bQ
"!#$%$'&)(*+',+-"./01'2"34(*+5./26,$'7*+2" 2"&/89',+-:3;!#2"5<,+'()2=>">"+(7?@'.*A
,+'()2BDCEF7GIHFKJML;N#OQPSRDO<T JL;NQUV#LWOEVX*LZY[FVXT]\FVJ7OE+OV^GO_FV:`aXbGNcY4VOedSOXEV#Y;Vcfg%h)h)ic
j7/kl6mS)D<,+nD2#po"6qrbs,+'nc$ 'StuOv@EKFuwyx*VX*zlY[G1CEF+fEKXzlz_Y4Vcf|{,+-"2^y}c5'26,+~^5)g
D$'./()26,7g^:+*5-c!#,,+g%7hh)€c
Io" {r)D(7‚c2|^
|7K,Aƒ+„6!^I+…,+./>(*$@"†<+2"5$'7*+2"'2#&"#‡ˆ2pC1EKF7GO+O‰Y4V6flFKJL;N#OŠ"Y ‹LWO+OV#L;N
UV#LWOEVXLZYZFVX)T]\FV7J7OEOVGOlFVŒ`XbGNcY4VOedSOXEV#Y4V6fg^>#&)<Ž)hI@i*€@gSh)hh@
Ž*Q} o/]@,+nbu*2^Œ{u _^I,+("D
B'2#*$'7K,Aƒ+„6!^I+$'&)(*+',+-"./3;(9,+./>(*$B"†<+2"5
$'7*+2" 2"&"`aXbGN6Y4VOdSOXEV"Y4Vcfgj)j60 Ici)‘cg…h)h€@
i7{r#+2c’#!#.:DULWOEKXLZY4“Oy`aOL;N"F7‰”JFEeŠF)T “7Y4V6fld…Y4VOXEyŠ"x”+LWOzl”+}@‡ˆ{Mag7hhb‘c
€I/kl•y($ $'<M2#=um…I7MmS($' 5‚=',+*,+'()2–34(*M3Z*5<,+(+.@>#9‡ˆ2CEF7GIH]FKJrL;N#O_Š"Y ‹LWO+OV#L;N
\FV7JOE+OVGOlF*V˜—|VGOELƒXY4V"LZxQY;VŒ™ELZY š]G<Y[X)TUV#LWO<T4T Y f6OV^GO›I—™UWœ7g#>#&e)j€7c)*Ž"g|j*)@
‘7Qac_b
%&()!##nc']2^_rbm…*7|Œ(c@$Aƒ3ž+$ K,Aƒ+„6!^*+<]>($ '5<‚l,+<*,+'()2|‡ˆ2™‰“*XV^GO”
Y4VŒtuOv@EKX)TUVJFEz/XLZYZFVŒC1EKF7GO”+”+Y4V6fQŠ#x*”+LWOzl”+gŸb($ !"./_<Ž"gj*))jc
I/rD}c5-"()nc2#5-6,2#¡{uŒ+nb)˜D(2@Ÿ)<+&)26,5(.l’" 2#*,+'()2"(3M+'2@34(+5<./26,$'7*+2" 2"&
89,+-l34!"2#5<,+'()2p>#>@+(7?"'.I,+ (2B#‡ˆ2™9‰“*XV^GO”9Y4VptuOvcEX)T@UVJFEz/XLZYZFVlC1EKF7GO”+”+Y4V6f_Š#x*”LWOz_”+g
Ÿb()$'!"./lIi6gj*))c
hI/r}|}c!",,+()2|
B7I+2#'2#&,+(>"+7@ 5,M’6‚Œ,+-"_./<,+-"(c"(3,+./>(*$…"†<+<2#5u`aXbGNcY;VO
dSOXEV#Y4V6fg@0 h76Ž)Ž@gS7h ) c
7Io"q_s,+'nc$' Q*2^¢£D*2¢(7‚6¤{2¥2^*$‚"'/(*3e,+./>(*$AW"†<+2"5¦$'7I+2#'2#&89,+34!"2#5<,+'()2:>#>@+(7?"'.I,+ (2BDUK§§]§¨P#EXV"”XbG<LZY[FV"”lF*VŒ™v@LƒF*z/XLZY[GQ\FV#LZEKF)T g%h)hb‘6

 Download  Report

Paperzz.com

Your Paperzz

© Copyright 2025 Paperzz