• I was handed over the resources to teach the
subject:
503B Contribute to client assessment and
developing care plans
• The power points just delivered the content.
• I wanted to change them to allow for more
student engagement.
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• This slide used the picture of the scales to
indicate fluid balance.
• Students were asked to put the words in that
were signs and symptoms of dehydration
from own knowledge and then shared
knowledge.
• It summarised the following 3 slides
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Dehydration
 Dry sticky mouth
 Headache
Over hydration
• Bounding Pulse rate
Increased Cardiac Output
 Tiredness
 Irritability
Elevated BP
(Systolic & Diastolic)
 Confusion
• Dry skin
• Low urine output
Pitting Oedema
hands, feet, lower legs,
sacrum, back and lower
arms
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Hydration
Hydration is defined as the normal state of fluid balance.
A normally hydrated adult is:





Alert
Has moist eyes and mucous membranes
Has a urinary output appropriate for the fluid ingested
Specific Gravity around 1.010
Has an adequate state of skin hydration as measured by
skin turgor
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Dehydration
 Dehydration is a state in which the bodys’ fluid
intake is not sufficient to meet the fluid needs of the
body resulting in a fluid volume deficit
 Dehydration may represent a decrease in total body
water eg. excessive fluid loss or when water shifts
from the vascular space (plasma) into the interstitial
space
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Over-hydration
Over hydration causes circulatory overload and electrolyte
dilution imbalances.
Symptoms include:




Increased Bounding Pulse rate
Increased Cardiac Output
Elevated BP(Systolic & Diastolic pressures)
Pitting Oedema of hands, feet, lower legs, sacrum, back
and lower arms
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• The following picture of an empty body
asked students to identify the input and
output themselves,
• It summarised the following 2 slides.
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Input
Fluid
Output
 Nasal Gastric
 Vomitus
 Oral
Soup, jelly, ice cream
Water/ Juice,
Coffee/ Tea
 Feeding tube
 IV Fluids
including Blood
& it’s
components
 Gastric Suction
 Drainage from
wounds or tubes
 Urine
 Diarrhoea
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Intake Includes






Soup (oral fluids)
Ice-cream (oral fluids)
Jelly (oral fluids)
Water / Tea / Coffee / Juice etc (oral fluids)
Nasal Gastric or Feeding tube fluids
IV Fluids including Blood & it’s components
www.icufaqs.org
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Output Includes





Urine
Diarrhoea
Vomitus
Gastric Suction
Drainage from wounds or tubes
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