THE
CIVIL
WAR
APUSH
Wartime Leadership
North
South
Civilian
Lincoln +
GOP (Conserv & Rad)
& Northern Dems
Jefferson Davis +
Dems & a few Whigs
Military
McDowell
McClelland
Grant + Sherman
R.E. Lee
+ Jackson, Johnston, etc.
War Strategies
North
South
Keep control of Border States
Defensive- fight at home
Offensive- attack the South
Trench warfare
Anaconda Plancontrol Mississippi River
Surprise Attacks
War of Attrition
Get help from Europe
(depend on King Cotton
Battle/
Location
Date(s)
Bull Run/
Manassas I
(VA)
July 21,
1861
Monitor v.
Merrimac
(VA)
Leaders
CSA“Stonewall”
Jackson
USAIrvin
McDowell
March 9,
1862
Antietam/
Sharpsburg
Sept. 17, CSA- Lee
(MD)
USA1862
McClelland
Outcome
Significance
CSA
victory
after SJ’s
reinforcements
arrived
McDowell replaced
by McClelland; 1st
major battle; war
to last longer than
expected; both
sides mobilize men,
$ & supplies
Ends in a
draw
1st ironclad battle;
makes all other
naval ships obsolete
Union finds
So. plans;
McClelland
fails to
finish Lee
Win gives Lincoln
chance for Emanc.
Proc. out of strength;
Bloodiest day; GB
& FR refuse entry
Battle/
Location
Date(s)
Leaders
Outcome
Significance
US controls MS
6 weeks of siege
May 22River; cuts South
finally breaks
July 4,
in half; combo
CSA
stronghold
1863
w/ Gettysburg as
on MS River
war’s turning pt
Gettysburg July 1- 3, CSA- Lee, CSA loses 17
Morale boost for
Pickett
generals;
BIG
(PA)
1863
N. → Gettysburg
USACSA loss, but
Meade,
Meade fails to Add. + Vicksburg
Chamber- follow-up;
= war’s turning pt
lain
50,000 dead
(Siege of)
Vicksburg
(MS)
CSA- John
C.
Pemberton
USAGrant
↓
The Gettysburg Address (Nov 19, 1863
Election of 1864
Battle
Name
Dates/
Location
Sherman’s Nov to
March to Dec 16,
the Sea
1864
(GA)
Leaders
Outcome
Significance
Turn to Total
March from
CSA- Hood,
Atlanta to
War/Scorched
& Johnson
Savannah
earth policy; loss
USAwithout major
Sherman
resistance; 60 of CSA morale;
miles wide in key to Lincoln’s
reelection
4 columns
 Lincoln- GOP
– Attacks from all northern political groups
– Planned to give soldiers furlough to go vote
 McClellan- Democrat…
 Union victories (GA) puncture northern anti-war mvt
– Lincoln wins with 55% of the vote (212 to 21 in EC)
Ending the War
Battle
Name
Dates/
Location
(Siege of) June
Petersburg 1864(VA)
March
1865
Leaders
Outcome
Significance
Last bastion
keeping US
CSA gov’t flees
CSA- Lee
from Richmond;
USA- Grant, from taking
Sheridan
Richmond;
led to Lee’s
Lee flees to RR surrender
at Lynchburg
 Treaty?
– Lee surrenders to Grant in the Virginia village of
Appomattox Courthouse, April 9-13
– Johnston surrenders to Sherman, April 18
– Davis captured, May 10
The Lincoln Memorial, D.C.
The Gettysburg Address (the left wall)
Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Address (Left Panel)
Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Address (Right Panel)
The Assassination of President Lincoln at Ford's Theatre
Lithograph, 1865
Currier & Ives, Creator/Publisher
Harpers Weekly, April 29, 1865, p. 260
Courtesy of The Gilder Lehrman Collection, New York
Reference Number: GLC00623
Reflection Qs
1. Give three advantages the North had over
the South before the Civil War.
2. Name two turning point battles and
explain why they were turning points.
3. Detail two things that you learned that
were interesting &/or that you will
remember easily a month from now.