Video Monitoring
Solutions
for the
the Protection
of Critical of
Infrastructure.”
“ Intelligent Video“ Intelligent
Monitoring
Solutions
for
Protection
Critical Infrastructure”
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© 2013 COPYRIGHT SYSTEMS WITH INTELLIGENCE INC.
1
Video Monitoring Solutions
for Remote Environments
- Issues, Requirements, and Examples
Remote 2013
Monitoring and Control Conference
December 1212-13, 2013
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Agenda
Introduction and Applications
Video Monitoring Issues and Trends
for “Remote” Industries
Video and Imaging for “Remote” Industries
Video Monitoring Design Requirements
for “Remote” Industries
Conclusions
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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3
Agenda
Introduction and Applications
Video Monitoring Issues and Trends
for “Remote” Industries
Video and Imaging for “Remote” Industries
Video Monitoring Design Requirements
for “Remote” Industries
Conclusions
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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4
Video Monitoring for …
Physical Security
– Protect critical infrastructure (electric utilities, solar and wind
farms, oil&gas pipelines …)
– Reduce theft and damage to physical assets
– Monitor multiple remote sites over a widely dispersed geography
Asset Monitoring and Automation
– Increase asset utilization and improve efficiencies
– Enable new applications through the effective use of video
Safety
– Improve safety for workers and the public
Regulatory Compliance
– Help to meet new government regulations for critical
infrastructure
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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The Video Camera is a Sophisticated Sensor
- Can Be Used in Many Applications
UV (Ultraviolet)
Visible
IR (Infrared)
Asset Management
Security
Security
Automation
Automation
Asset Management
Automation
Predictive Failure
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Predictive Failure
6
Video Monitoring Applications
- Automated Physical Security
Unattended monitoring
using Video Analytics
Technology
Software analyzes video
content to determine if
an intrusion or event
occurs
Operator can be
automatically notified via
email or SCADA alarm
Video: Example of Automated Video Monitoring Using Video Analytics
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Video Monitoring Applications
- Automation
Using Video Analytics
Technology as inputs in
automation functions
New automation
possibilities to improve
asset utilization and
efficiencies
Substation Examples –
Arc Flash Detection and
Breaker Failures
Video: Example of Substation Automation Analytics
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Video Monitoring Applications
- Safety
Using Video to increase
operator safety
Video is another input
used to secure a location
Automated alarm and
notification of unsafe
conditions
Also used for post event
analysis
Video: Improving Safety with Video
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Video Monitoring Applications
- Thermal Monitoring
Monitor equipment
within cabinets with
Thermal cameras
Thermal analysis and
signatures can warn of
impending failures
Automated monitoring
reduces chances of
failures and reduces
downtime
Video: Using Thermal Cameras for Asset Monitoring
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Video Monitoring Applications
- Thermal Monitoring
Electric Utility - Transformer Monitoring 115 KV to 23 KV
Impending problem
Fixing Issue - Will Improve Efficiencies, Reduce Downtime
and “Save” the Transformer
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Video Monitoring Applications
- Thermal Monitoring
Electric Utility - Transformer Monitoring 115 KV to 23 KV
Trying to Avoid This!
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Agenda
Introduction and Applications
Video Monitoring Issues and Trends
for “Remote” Industries
Video and Imaging for “Remote” Industries
Video Monitoring Design Requirements
for “Remote” Industries
Conclusions
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Industries with “Remote” Critical Infrastructure
in Harsh Environments – “Remote” Industries
Electric Utility
Renewable Energy
Oil and Gas
Transmission and
Distribution; Substations
Solar and Wind Farms
Oil and Gas Platforms;
Pipelines
Characteristics and Definitions
Remote: infrastructure with distributed
facilities and equipment
Harsh Environments: outside a typical indoor,
or office like, environment; typically
“industrial” applications
Critical Infrastructure: systems that if disabled
or disrupted would result in catastrophic loss
of life or economic loss
Mission Critical: systems that cannot tolerate
intervention, compromise or shutdown during
the performance of its critical function
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“Remote” Industry Requirements and Trends
Requirement/
Trend
Electric
Utility
Renewable
Energy
Oil and
Gas
Improve asset utilization
(ageing infrastructure and
greenfield)
Increase reliability and
uptime
Reduce theft, vandalism,
sabotage, etc
Government regulatory
requirements for physical
security
Similar Across Different Industries
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Challenges with Monitoring Remote Infrastructure
Widely dispersed infrastructure in remote
locations
Cost of Implementing Connectivity solutions
that will make automated monitoring possible
Unmanned facilities
Finding technology solutions that can
withstand harsh environments
Remote Infrastructure Monitoring
Requires Specialized Solutions
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Electric Utilities – The Challenges
Reliability and Uptime - critical
Infrastructure
Theft and Damage to Equipment –
increases downtime
Aging Infrastructure – need to improve
asset utilization and efficiency
Cost of Connectivity Solutions
Harsh Environments - EMI, Temperature
Widely Dispersed Infrastructure –
remote and unmanned facilities
Finding technology solutions that can
withstand harsh substation environments
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Oil and Gas – The Challenges
Reliability and Uptime - critical
Infrastructure
Widely Dispersed Infrastructure –
remote and unmanned facilities
Theft and Damage to Equipment –
increases downtime
Cost of Connectivity Solutions
Harsh Environments - Outdoors, Wide
Temperature Range, EMI, Pollutants
Finding technology solutions that can
withstand harsh environments
Similar Challenges Across all “Remote” Industries
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“Hardened” Video – Why Does it Matter?
Matter?
Harsh Environments
■ High levels of electromagnetic interference (EMI)
– Potential to interrupt or degrade performance of
electronic equipment
■ Wide variation in temperature
– Specialized components required to enable
operation in uncontrolled temperature
environments (eg.outdoors)
■ High levels of vibration and shock
– Products must be specifically designed to handle
the adverse effects
■ Destructive pollutants
– Specialized packaging or enclosures required to
protect equipment
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“Hardened” Products – Why Does it Matter?
Technical Specifications (Reliability)
-
-40C to +75C operating
temperature
Designed for commercial
applications (Shopping
Malls, Casinos, etc )
-
Basic ESD, Surge etc
Protection
0C to +60C operating
temperature
-
Lacking Robustness and
Protection Features
-
“Clean” and controlled
environments
-
Substation Specification
(IEC61850-3, IEEE 1613
-
Industrial Specification
(Class 1 Div 2)
-
-40C to +85C operating
temperature
-
-
Power supply robustness
-
-
Enhanced ESD, Surge etc
Protection
-
-
Harsh Environments
Harsh Environments
Highest
Commercial Grade
Industrial Hardened
Substation Hardened
Reliability and
Robustness
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Lowest
20
Industry Example – Electric Utilities
Response to Harsh Environments
in the Substations – IEEE 1613/IEC 6185061850-3
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Important Industrial Specifications
EMI: IEC61850-3, IEEE 1613
– Substation specs are the most stringent of industrial
standards for EMI; provides the greatest reliability
Environmental rating: IP66-IP68, NEMA4X (dust &
water tight)
– Ensures effective monitoring in extreme and harsh conditions
Explosion Proof: ATEX, Class 1 Div 2, UL/CSA
– Ensures safe and reliable performance in hazardous locations
Equipment that Meets Industrial Specifications is Required
for Video Monitoring Solutions in “Remote” Industries
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Agenda
Introduction and Applications
Video Monitoring Issues and Trends
for “Remote” Industries
Video and Imaging for “Remote” Industries
Video Monitoring Design Requirements
for “Remote” Industries
Conclusions
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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23
Video Monitoring for …
Physical Security
– Protect critical infrastructure (electric utilities, solar and wind
farms, oil&gas pipelines …)
– Reduce theft and damage to physical assets
– Monitor multiple remote sites over a widely dispersed geography
Asset Monitoring and Automation
– Increase asset utilization and improve efficiencies
– Enable new applications through the effective use of video
Safety
– Improve safety for workers and the public
Regulatory Compliance
– Help to meet new government regulations for critical
infrastructure
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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The Video Camera is a Sophisticated Sensor
- Can Be Used in Many Applications
UV (Ultraviolet)
Visible
IR (Infrared)
Asset Management
Security
Security
Automation
Automation
Asset Management
Automation
Predictive Failure
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Predictive Failure
25
Video for Physical Security
Real-time viewing of multiple remote
sites
Digital video recording
Alarm and event notification through
email
Integrating with other Physical
Security devices (eg. Access Control)
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Quick … find the security breach!
The Solution:
Video Analytics for Automated Detection of Events
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Video Analytics – Automatic Detection of Events
Motion Detection
Virtual Tripwire
Loitering
Camera Tampering
Video: Example of Motion Detection Video Analytics
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Video Analytics – Automatic Detection of Events
Motion Detection
Virtual Tripwire
Loitering
Camera Tampering
Video: Example of Virtual Tripwire Video Analytics
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Video Analytics – Automatic Detection of Events
Motion Detection
Virtual Tripwire
Loitering
Camera Tampering
Video: Example of Loitering Video Analytics
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Video Analytics – Automatic Detection of Events
Motion Detection
Virtual Tripwire
Loitering
Camera Tampering
Video: Example of Camera Tampering Video Analytics
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Asset Monitoring Using Thermal Cameras
Continuous and automatic remote monitoring of
critical infrastructure components
Preventive Maintenance: Provide early warning
of impending equipment failures – reduce
downtime and chance for failures
Obtain temperature readouts of overheating
Automated alarm and email notification when
problems are detected
Thermal camera cost have come down
dramatically, making thermal camera
applications cost effective
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Asset Monitoring Using Thermal Cameras
- Applications
Substations
Transformers
Electrical room
Generator room
UPS room
Electrical busses
Motor control
centers
HVAC equipment
Subpanels
Visual Gas Detection
Flare Monitoring
Fire prevention
Leaks in Pipelines
(Gas, Liquids)
Solar Farm panel
inspection/monitoring
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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THERMAL IMAGING
Automated Thermal Monitoring
Automated alarms based on
“thermal” rules
Standard Statistics
Percentile Range
Isotherms
Gradient Analysis
Advanced Measurements
An Effective Tool for Industrial Automation
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Asset Monitoring Using Thermal Cameras
- “External” Monitoring
Electric Utility - Transformer Monitoring 115 KV to 23 KV
Impending problem
Fixing Issue - Will Improve Efficiencies, Reduce Downtime
and “Save” the Transformer
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Video Monitoring Applications
- Thermal Monitoring
Electric Utility - Transformer Monitoring 115 KV to 23 KV
Trying to Avoid This!
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Asset Monitoring Using Thermal Cameras
- “Internal” Monitoring
Video Image
Thermal Image
Thermal/Video Overlay
Thermal camera inside cabinets for continuous and automatic monitoring
Now provides early warning of impending equipment failures
Automated alarm and email notification when problems are detected
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Asset Monitoring Using Thermal Cameras
- “Internal” Monitoring
Avoid and Eliminate Electrical Fires
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Integrating Video into SCADA
Making Key Components of the Grid Visible
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Integrating Video with SCADA
Digital Video Server
(DVS)
HMI/SCADA
Master
Remote
Terminal
Unit (RTU))
Video data and statuses accessible from a SCADA system
Digital Video Server is seen as an IED or RTU to the Master Station
Integrate into existing HMI’s (via API or system calls)
Obtain alarm/event information via standard industrial protocols
(DNP3, Modbus)
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The Control Room
– Video Automation Enables Better Visibility from
the SCADA System
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Government Compliance and Video Systems
- Example NERC CIP for Electric Utilities
CIP 006
Physical Security controls should be documented and implemented that provide perimeter monitoring and logging
along with robust access controls. All cyber assets used for Physical Security are considered Critical and should be
treated as such.
Requirement
Short Description
Applicability of Video Systems
R1
Physical Security Plan
"Processes, tools, and procedures to monitor physical access to the perimeter(s)",
"measures to control entry at those access points"
R2
Physical Access Controls
"implement the operational and procedural controls to manage physical access at
all access points to the Physical Security Perimeter(s) twenty-four hours a day,
seven days a week."
R3
Monitoring Physical Access
"monitoring physical access at all access points to the Physical Security
Perimeter(s) twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week"
R4
Logging Physical Access
"logging physical entry at all access points to the Physical Security Perimeter(s) ",
"Video Recording: Electronic capture of video images of sufficient quality to
determine identity."
R5
Access Log Retention
"shall retain physical access logs for at least ninety calendar days.", "Logs related
to reportable incidents shall be kept in accordance with the requirements"
R6
Maintenance and Testing
Video is an Important Tool in NERC Compliance
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Agenda
Introduction and Applications
Video Monitoring Issues and Trends
for “Remote” Industries
Video and Imaging for “Remote” Industries
Video Monitoring Design Requirements
for “Remote” Industries
Conclusions
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Video Monitoring Technology Trends
Remote
Monitoring
Local Monitoring
Analog CCTV
Hybrid Analog &
Digital
Digital/IP Based
Manned Surveillance
Event Based
Smart Surveillance
(Post Event Analysis)
(Pro-Active)
Product Driven
Solution Driven
Designed for
Commercial Use
Designed for Industrial
Environments
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Guidelines for Video System Design
for “Remote Industries
Key Items for Consideration
Solution Components
Architecture: Centralized vs Distributed
Bandwidth and Storage Considerations
Camera Selection and Locations
Hardware and Software Specifications
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Video Monitoring Solution – Product Components
Digital Video Server
Cameras
-
IP, Analog, Thermal
-
Security and Asset
Monitoring
Video Management
Software
-
-
Video Analytics
-
Viewing, recording,
configuration, video
management
Remote Monitoring
-
Remote video streaming
-
Alarm/Event notification
via Email/SCADA
Computing platform;
aggregates components
at a remote location
automatically analyzes
video content for
events/anomalies
Miscellaneous
-
Storage, Junction Boxes,
Access Control,
Communications, etc
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Architecture - Centralized
SUBSTATION
SUBSTATION
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
100Mbps
SUBSTATION
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
10Mbps
SUBSTATION
500Kbps
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
56Kbps
Compete for bandwidth with
critical traffic 100% of the time.
Monitoring
Recording
Analytics
CONTROL ROOM
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Architecture - Distributed
SUBSTATION
SUBSTATION
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
Fixed Camera
Digital Video
Recorder
SUBSTATION
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
PTZ Camera
Digital Video
Recorder
SUBSTATION
Digital Video
Recorder
Recording
Analytics
Fixed Camera
PTZ Camera
Digital Video
Recorder
Video on demand. Uses bandwidth
only when needed for monitoring.
Monitoring
CONTROL ROOM
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Architecture Comparison
Centralized
Distributed
Only cameras at the remote location
Cameras and at least one video
server at each remote location
Needs a lot of bandwidth
Optimized bandwidth
Any problem in the network will stop Constant recording, even when
the recording process
there are problems in the network
Limited users
Multiple users
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Video Monitoring Solution Architecture
Key Components:
PTZ Camera
Local
Video
Monitoring
Centralized
SCADA
Managed
Services
IP and Analog/CCTV
Cameras
Digital Video Server
Dial-Up
Thermal Cameras
Wireless
Hardened
Computing Platform
Analog and IP Cameras
Digital Video Servers
Video Management
Software
Communications
Integration
Remote Access
Key Features:
Card Reader
Local
Network
Lights
Storage
Wired
Digital I/O
Remote Access
Remote Access
Speaker/Horn
Remote Location
Industrial Hardened
Distributed Architecture
Easily scalable
Reduced Network
Bandwidth Requirements
Central Control Station
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Video Monitoring Solution Architecture - Distributed
Central Control Room
Zone
Key Features:
Digital Video Server
SCADA
Distributed
architecture
Easily scalable
Reduced network
bandwidth
requirements
Cameras
Zone
Centralized
Video Management System
Digital Video Server
Network
Cameras
Zone
...
Video Archive
Storage
Remote Access
Digital Video Server
Cameras
Remote Locations
Laptop
Email
Notification
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Bandwidth/Storage Optimization Techniques
Video Format
Resolution
Frame Rate
Encoding Quality
Installation Parameters
– Camera Selection, Lighting, Amount of Motion
Expected …
Using Video Analytics for Automatic Detection
– Send video only on pre-defined triggers
Send video on a pre-defined trigger (eg. motion)
Use multiple video channels with different settings for
different users
Local recording to reduce streaming
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Maximizing the Use of Bandwidth
No Video activity:
Substation
NO Video Streaming
Video is stored locally
Minimal Bandwidth required
Intrusion Alert / “Remote” Activity:
Substation
NO Video Streaming
Event information and snapshot
Event Video is stored locally
available when operator requires it
Minimal Bandwidth required
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Camera Considerations
Analog vs IP
– Trend is towards IP
Fixed vs PTZ
– PTZ increases flexible but at a significant cost
Camera Lenses (Configuration)
– Defining the field of view; Controlling the flow of light toward the
image sensor; Focusing
Enclosure and Environmental Factors
– Resistant to Electromagnetic fields; Wide operating temperature
range; lens occlusions; IP rating (IP66)
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Camera Locations – Site Survey
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Camera Locations – Site Survey
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Video Monitoring System Hardware Requirements
Designed for harsh environments
– Meets Industrial Specifications:
eg. IEC61850-3, IEEE1613, Class1 Div2, IP/Nema/Atex, etc
– Wide operating temperature (- 40ºC to +85ºC), no fans
Industrial rated power supply with dual power supply option
Ability to handle IP and Analog Cameras
– “IP-enable” legacy CCTV cameras, use existing installed cameras
Multiple communication network options
– LAN and WAN interfaces (copper, fiber, wireless, etc)
Integration Features
– Serial Ports, Digital I/O
– Access control and other physical security
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Video Management Software Requirements
RealReal-time viewing of multiple remote sites
– Multiple clients can connect to
any Digital Video Server
Digital video recording
– local and centralized storage
Integrated video analytics for automatic
detection of events
Alarm and event notification through email
SCADA Integration options (eg. DNP, Modbus)
Ability to optimize available network bandwidth
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Video Analytics – Available Algorithms
Motion detection:
– automatically detection motion in a field of view
Perimeter violation (or “virtual tripwire”):
– monitor a fence line for any intrusion (eg. someone jumping a fence)
Camera tampering:
– determine if a camera has been compromised
Loitering:
– determine if people are loitering near a restricted area
Automation
– Video analytic algorithms for industrial automation tasks
– Using video as a sensor and taking automatic action based on what is
happening in the field of view
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Integration with Other Functions
Access Control
SCADA Integration
Industrial Automation
Cyber Security
Communication Networks
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Agenda
Introduction and Applications
Video Monitoring Issues and Trends
for “Remote” Industries
Video and Imaging for “Remote” Industries
Video Monitoring Design Requirements
for “Remote” Industries
Conclusions
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Addressing the Challenges –
Solutions Designed Specifically for “Remote” Industries
Hardware designed for harsh environments
– Meets Substation (IEC61850-3, IEEE1613) and Industrial Specifications
(Class 1 Div 2, IP/Nema/Atex,etc)
– Wide operating temperature (- 40ºC to +85ºC), no fans
– Industrial rated power supply for increased reliability
Video Management Software designed for distributed infrastructure
–
–
–
–
Real-time viewing of multiple remote sites
Digital video recording: local and centralized storage
Integrated video analytics for automatic detection of events
System can be optimized to available network bandwidth
Integration Features
– Multiple communication network options (copper, fiber, wireless, etc)
– SCADA Integration options (eg. DNP, Modbus)
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Conclusions
Video Monitoring Can Be Used for a Variety of Purposes:
– Security:
Security Protect critical infrastructure (electric utilities, solar and wind farms,
oil&gas pipelines …; Reduce theft and damage to physical assets
– Asset Monitoring and Automation : Increase asset utilization and improve
efficiencies; Enable new applications
– Regulatory Compliance
Compliance: Help to meet new government regulations for critical
infrastructure
Solutions Designed for Remote Applications are Available Today
– Traditional video monitoring solutions were designed for “commercial”
applications
– Newer solutions that deal with the unique conditions present in remote and
harsh environment locations make “useful” video monitoring more feasible
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Systems With Intelligence
Video Monitoring Solutions for Remote and Harsh Environments
Pan/Tilt/Zoom
(PTZ) Cameras
Explosion/Corrosion
Proof Cameras
Analog & IP
Cameras
Industrial Hardened
Digital Video Server
Industrial
Communications
Video Archive Storage
Server
Thermal Imaging
Cameras
Video Management Software
Remote Access
Devices
Video Solutions for Physical Security and Automated Asset Monitoring
Solutions Designed Specifically for Harsh Environments and Remote Locations
“Industrial” Hardened Equipment
Architected for Widely Dispersed Infrastructure
Automated Monitoring and Alarming using Video Analytics Technology
Easy Integration with Existing Equipment and Software (SCADA Integration)
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
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Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions
for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure
1215 Meyerside Drive, Unit #7, Mississauga, Ontario, L5T-1H3 Canada Phone: +1-289-562-0126 Fax: +1-289-562-0152
Email: [email protected]
“ Intelligent Video Monitoring Solutions for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure.”
Private and Confidential
www.SystemsWithIntelligence.com
© 2013 COPYRIGHT SYSTEMS WITH INTELLIGENCE INC.
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