BUS 411
DAY 4
1
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Agenda
 Question?
 Assignment 1 due February 5
 Finish Discussion on the Mission and Vision

Statements
Begin Discussion on the External Assessment
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Assignment 1
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Due Feb 5 @ 12:35 PM
Complete the Assurance of Learning Exercise 1B on page 39 of your text with the following
modifications. This assignment is intended to be an individual assignment, do your own work.
Step 1 Walt Disney’s website has changed since the publication of this text. To get the annual
reports, do the following; Go to the Thewaltdisneycompany.com Click on the Investor Relations
box, it is the in the middle of 5 boxes to the right of the logo. Click on Reports and Financial
Information in the left side menu. The 2011 10K is available by under Past SEC Filings, The
2011 Annual report is available by clicking on its link
Step 2 The UMFK library does not subscribe to Standards and Poor but you get industry
surveys from the Business Insights: Essentials (Search DIS) and the Value Line Research
Center (select “Plus Edition>Look Up Company”. You can get Company and Industry reports
from both databases; the databases can be found by selecting the topic “Business” under the
Articles for Research link on the Blake Library web page.
Skip step 5, we will do this in class to create a collective SWOT analysis for Walt Disney. This
collectively created SWOT analysis will be required for future assignments.
Upload a Word Document with your 12 responses (3 Strengths, 3 Weaknesses, 3 Opportunities
& 3 Threats)
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The Business
Vision
and Mission
Chapter Two
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Chapter Objectives
1. Evaluate mission statements of different
2.
organizations.
Write good vision and mission statements.
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Walt Disney Vision
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Example Mission Statements
 Dell’s mission is to be the most successful
computer company (2) in the world (3) at
delivering the best customer experience in
markets we serve (1). In doing so, Dell will meet
customer expectations of highest quality; leading
technology (4); competitive pricing; individual and
company accountability (6); best-in-class service
and support (7); flexible customization capability
(7); superior corporate citizenship (8); financial
stability (5).
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Example Mission Statements
 Procter & Gamble will provide branded
products and services of superior quality and
value (7) that improve the lives of the world’s
(3) consumers. As a result, consumers (1) will
reward us with industry leadership in sales,
profit (5), and value creation, allowing our
people (9), our shareholders, and the
communities (8) in which we live and work to
prosper.
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Example Mission Statements
 At L’Oreal, we believe that lasting business
success is built upon ethical (6) standards
which guide growth and on a genuine sense
of responsibility to our employees (9), our
consumers, our environment and to the
communities in which we operate (8).
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UMFK Mission
The University of Maine at Fort Kent emphasizes environmental stewardship, Franco-American culture, and rural sustainability
through a liberal and professional education featuring experiential learning which fosters student success as responsible citizens,
dedicated professionals, and conscientious leaders.
Building upon its historical roots and distinguishing characteristics, the University of Maine at Fort Kent:
Was founded as the Madawaska Training School in 1878 to prepare bilingual teachers to serve the French-speaking people of
Northern Aroostook County
Is a small public institution offering quality baccalaureate and associate degree programs with a legacy of quality teaching
Is where education meets the great outdoor environment - situated in historic Fort Kent and nestled in the Saint John River Valley, at
the northern extent of the Appalachian Mountains and forests of New England, providing abundant resources for learning and
research opportunities, and joys of outdoor sports
Serves the educational needs of the St. John Valley, Aroostook County, State of Maine and responds to global trends
Prepares well-educated, independent thinkers to live in a diverse and global society
Talented and dedicated faculty and staff promote discovery and exploration of knowledge, life-long learning, and global citizenship
through effective teaching, service, and scholarship
Offers a curriculum that emphasizes special challenges of rural communities in America
Fosters an appreciation and stewardship of Northern Maine's pristine natural environment through the Environmental Studies,
Forestry, and Biology degree programs
Preserves, cultivates, and celebrates the Franco-American/Acadian culture in the St. John Valley and houses one of two Acadian
Archives/Archives acadiennes in the nation
Is the only institution in the United States located at the center of French culture of northern Maine, northern New Brunswick, and
Québec, offering opportunities for students of all ethnic and racial heritages to study and live in a bilingual community
Is a strong social, cultural, and economic driving force in the region and promotes rural sustainable development
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Walt Disney Mission Statement?
The mission of The Walt Disney Company is to be
one of the world's leading producers and providers
of entertainment and information. Using our
portfolio of brands to differentiate our content,
services and consumer products, we seek to
develop the most creative, innovative and
profitable entertainment experiences and related
products in the world.
Source: http://thewaltdisneyco.blogspot.com/2011/09/chapter-1-brief-history-mission.html
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The External
Assessment
Chapter Three
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External Assessment
“It is not the strongest of the species that
survive, nor the most intelligent, but the one
most responsive to change.”
– Charles Darwin
“Nothing focuses the mind better than the
constant sight of a competitor who wants to
wipe you off the map.”
– Wayne Calloway, Former CEO, PepsiCo
Ch
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Chapter Objectives
1. Describe how to conduct an external strategic2.
3.
4.
5.
management audit.
Discuss 10 major external forces that affect
organizations: economic, social, cultural, demographic,
environmental, political, governmental, legal,
technological, and competitive.
Describe key sources of external information, including
the Internet.
Discuss important forecasting tools used in strategic
management.
Discuss the importance of monitoring external trends
and events.
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Chapter Objectives (cont.)
6.
7.
Explain how to develop an EFE Matrix.
Explain how to develop a Competitive Profile
Matrix.
8. Discuss the importance of gathering
competitive intelligence.
9. Describe the trend toward cooperation among
competitors.
10.Discuss market commonality and resource
similarity in relation to competitive analysis.
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External Audit
 External audit
 focuses on identifying and evaluating trends
and events beyond the control of a single
firm
 reveals key opportunities and threats
confronting an organization so that managers
can formulate strategies to take advantage of
the opportunities and avoid or reduce the
impact of threats
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The Nature of an External Audit
 The external audit is aimed at identifying
key variables that offer actionable
responses
 Firms should be able to respond either
offensively or defensively to the factors by
formulating strategies that take advantage of
external opportunities or that minimize the
impact of potential threats.
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Key External Forces
External forces can be divided into five
broad categories:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
economic forces
social, cultural, demographic, and natural
environment forces
political, governmental, and legal forces
technological forces
competitive forces
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Relationships Between Key External
Forces and an Organization
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The Process of Performing an
External Audit
 First, gather competitive intelligence and
information about economic, social,
cultural, demographic, environmental,
political, governmental, legal, and
technological trends.
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The Process of Performing an
External Audit
 Information should be assimilated and
evaluated
 A final list of the most important key
external factors should be communicated
 5-10 external factors
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The Process of Performing an
External Audit
Key external factors should be:
1.
2.
3.
4.
important to achieving long-term and annual
objectives
measurable
applicable to all competing firms, and
hierarchical in the sense that some will pertain
to the overall company and others will be more
narrowly focused on functional or divisional
areas
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The Industrial Organization
(I/O) View
 The Industrial Organization (I/O)
approach to competitive advantage
advocates that external (industry) factors
are more important than internal factors in
a firm for achieving competitive
advantage.
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The Industrial Organization
(I/O) View
 Firm performance
Economies of scale
is based more on
industry properties Barriers to market entry
than the firm
Product differentiation
properties
The economy
Level of competitiveness
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Economic Forces
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Sources of Economic Data
 FRED
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http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/
World Bank
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http://data.worldbank.org/
 Google Public Data Explorer
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http://www.google.com/publicdata/directory
Bureau of Economic Analysis
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http://www.bea.gov/
 EconData
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http://www.econdata.net/
International Monetary Fund

http://www.imf.org/external/data.htm
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Advantages and Disadvantages
of a Weak Dollar
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Social, Cultural, Demographic, and
Natural Environmental Forces
 U.S. Facts
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Aging population
Less white
Widening gap between rich & poor
2025 = 18.5% population > 65 years
2075 = no ethnic or racial majority
 United States Census Bureau
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http://www.census.gov/#
 UN Data

http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/sources/census/2010_PHC/def
ault.htm
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Social, Cultural, Demographic, and
Natural Environmental Forces
 Facts
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World population 7 billion
World population = 8 billion by 2028
World population = 9 billion by 2054
U.S. population > 310 million
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Key Social, Cultural, Demographic, and
Natural Environment Variables
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Political, Governmental, and
Legal Forces
 The increasing global interdependence
among economies, markets,
governments, and organizations makes it
imperative that firms consider the
possible impact of political variables on
the formulation and implementation of
competitive strategies.
 CIA Data
 https://www.cia.gov/index.html
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Political, Government, and
Legal Variables
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American Labor Unions
 The extent that a state is unionized can be a

significant political factor in strategic planning
decisions as related to manufacturing plant
location and other operational matters
The size of American labor unions has fallen
sharply in the last decade due in large part to
erosion of the U.S. manufacturing base
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Technological Forces
The Internet has changed the very nature of
opportunities and threats by:
altering the life cycles of products,
increasing the speed of distribution,
creating new products and services,
erasing limitations of traditional geographic
markets,
changing the historical trade-off between
production standardization and flexibility.
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Technological Forces
 The Internet is altering economies of
scale, changing entry barriers, and
redefining the relationship between
industries and various suppliers,
creditors, customers, and competitors
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Technological Forces
 Many firms now have a Chief
Information Officer (CIO) and a Chief
Technology Officer (CTO) who work
together to ensure that information
needed to formulate, implement, and
evaluate strategies is available where and
when it is needed
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Technological Forces
Technological advancements can:
Create new markets,
Result in a proliferation of new and improved
products,
Change the relative competitive cost positions in
an industry,
Render existing products and services obsolete.
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Competitive Forces
 An important part of an external audit is
identifying rival firms and determining
their strengths, weaknesses, capabilities,
opportunities, threats, objectives, and
strategies
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Competitive Forces
Characteristics of the most competitive
companies:
1.Market share matters
2.Understand and remember precisely what business
you are in
3.Whether it’s broke or not, fix it–make it better
4.Innovate or evaporate
5.Acquisition is essential to growth
6.People make a difference
7.There is no substitute for quality
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Key Questions About Competitors
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Competitive Intelligence
Programs
 Competitive intelligence (CI)
 a systematic and ethical process for
gathering and analyzing information about
the competition’s activities and general
business trends to further a business’s own
goals
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Competitive Intelligence
Programs
The three basic objectives of a CI program
are:
1.
2.
to provide a general understanding of an
industry and its competitors
to identify areas in which competitors are
vulnerable and to assess the impact strategic
actions would have on competitors
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Competitive Intelligence
Programs
3. to identify potential moves that a
competitor might make that would
endanger a firm’s position in the market
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Market Commonality and
Resource Similarity
 Market
 Resource
commonality
similarity
 the number and
significance of
markets that a firm
competes in with
rivals
 the extent to which
the type and
amount of a firm’s
internal resources
are comparable to
a rival
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The Five-Forces Model of
Competition
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The Five-Forces Model of
Competition
1. Identify key aspects or elements of each
competitive force that impact the firm.
2. Evaluate how strong and important each
element is for the firm.
3. Decide whether the collective strength of
the elements is worth the firm entering or
staying in the industry.
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The Five-Forces Model
 Rivalry among competing firms
 Most powerful of the five forces
 Focus on competitive advantage of strategies
over other firms
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The Five-Forces Model
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The Five-Forces Model
 Potential Entry of New Competitors
 Barriers to entry are important
 Quality, pricing, and marketing can overcome
barriers
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Barriers to Entry
 Need to gain economies of scale quickly
 Need to gain technology and specialized know
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


how
Lack of experience
Strong customer loyalty
Strong brand preferences
Large capital requirements
Lack of adequate distribution channels
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Barriers to Entry
 Government regulatory policies
 Tariffs
 Lack of access to raw materials
 Possession of patents
 Undesirable locations
 Counterattack by entrenched firms
 Potential saturation of the market
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The Five-Forces Model
 Potential development of substitute
products
 Pressure increases when:
• Prices of substitutes decrease
• Consumers’ switching costs decrease
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The Five-Forces Model
 Bargaining Power of Suppliers is
increased when there are:
 Large numbers of suppliers
 Few substitutes
 Costs of switching raw materials is high
 Backward integration is gaining control or
ownership of suppliers
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The Five-Forces Model
 Bargaining power of consumers
 Customers being concentrated or buying in
volume affects intensity of competition
 Consumer power is higher where products
are standard or undifferentiated
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Conditions Where Consumers Gain
Bargaining Power
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
If buyers can inexpensively switch
If buyers are particularly important
If sellers are struggling in the face of falling
consumer demand
If buyers are informed about sellers’ products,
prices, and costs
If buyers have discretion in whether and when
they purchase the product
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Sources of External Information
 Unpublished sources include customer

surveys, market research, speeches at
professional and shareholders’ meetings,
television programs, interviews, and
conversations with stakeholders.
Published sources of strategic information
include periodicals, journals, reports,
government documents, abstracts, books,
directories, newspapers, and manuals.
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Sources of External Information
 marketwatch.multexinvestor.com
 moneycentral.msn.com
 finance.yahoo.com
 www.clearstation.com
 us.etrade.com/e/t/invest/markets
 www.hoovers.com
 globaledge.msu.edu/industries/
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Forecasting Tools and
Techniques
 Forecasts
 educated assumptions about future trends
and events
 quantitative, qualitative techniques
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Making Assumptions
 Assumptions
 Best present estimates of the impact of major
external factors, over which the manager has
little if any control, but which may exert a
significant impact on performance or the
ability to achieve desired results.
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Industry Analysis: The External
Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix
 Economic
 Social
 Cultural
 Demographic
 Environmental
 Political
 Governmental
 Technological
 Competitive
 Legal
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EFE Matrix Steps
1. List key external factors
2. Weight from 0 to 1
3. Rate effectiveness of current strategies
4. Multiply weight * rating
5. Sum weighted scores
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EFE Matrix for a Local TenTheater Cinema Complex
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Industry Analysis: Competitive
Profile Matrix (CPM)
 Identifies firm’s major competitors and
their strengths & weaknesses in relation
to a sample firm’s strategic positions
 Critical success factors include internal
and external issues
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An Example Competitive
Profile Matrix
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