THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT DALLAS
P. O. Box 830688 Richardson, Texas 75083-0688
(972) 883-2703 FAX (972) 883-6521
School of Management
An International Study of Organizational Processes
Thank you for agreeing to complete this questionnaire. The purpose of this research is to learn
about national cultures, management practices, and how individuals deal with work related issues.
This questionnaire forms the basis of an international study from over 20 countries.
The results of this international research will be reported in several academic and professional
journals and in a series of research chapters. The resulting information will be helpful for companies
that are attempting to understand how individuals in different countries respond to job-related
situations and difficulties. These reports will also be used for classroom instruction for students and
managers in colleges and universities throughout the world. We are confident that the results of these
investigations will help individuals like you to become more effective and have increased job
satisfaction.
There is no need to put your name anywhere in the questionnaire. The information you
provide will be anonymous. Your responses will be analyzed on a group basis. No one will know
how you responded.
If you have received this questionnaire electronically, please print a hard copy and mark your
responses on this copy using a pen or pencil. This questionnaire consists of a series of questions that
require your thoughtful responses. There are no right or wrong answers. Please respond to all of the
questions, and do not leave any items blank. We are only interested in your personal opinion, so
please do not consult with anyone else in filling this out. If necessary, please take as much time as
needed to complete the questionnaire – even up to one day per page – rather than trying to
complete it in one sitting. We need your responses for the success of the project. Therefore, take the
time needed rather than not respond at all. Once you have completed the questionnaire, please return
it to your company representative from whom you received it or to Dr. Ford directly.
Once again, we are most appreciative that you are participating in this study.
David L. Ford, Ph.D., CM
Professor of Organizational Studies, Strategy
and International Management
School of Management
The University of Texas at Dallas
Richardson, TX 75083-0688
[email protected]
SECTION A: Your answers to these questions will provide useful information – facts
about yourself rather than your opinions. Please answer by checking the appropriate
line or write in the lines provided.
1. Age: _____ years
2. Sex:
Male
Female
3. Marital status: _____ Married
_____ Single
4. What is your country of citizenship? ___________________
5. What country were you born in? __________________________
6. How long have you lived in the country where you currently live? __________ years
7. Besides your country of birth, which other countries have you lived in for longer than one
year? (Please list)
_____________________________
__________________________________
_____________________________
__________________________________
_____________________________
__________________________________
______________________________
__________________________________
8. How many years of full-time work experience have you had? _________ years
9. How many years of part-time work experience have you had? _________ years
10. How long have you worked for your current employer? _____ years
11. Do you belong to any trade or professional associations or networks?
____ Yes
____ No
If yes, how many? __________
For how many years? ___________ years
12. Academic level reached (Please indicate highest level achieved.)
____ Some secondary education
____ Completed secondary education
____ Some college
____ Undergraduate degree
____ Master’s degree
____ Ph.D./Doctoral degree
____ If not any of the above, please write in: __________________________________
2
13. Type of industry in which you work:
_____ Education
_____ Financial Services
_____ Food Services
_____ Government/Public Service
_____ Health Care/Hospital
_____ Manufacturing
_____ Retail/Sales
_____ Software Development/Information Technology
_____ Transportation
_____ If not any of the above, please write in: __________________________________
14. How would you classify your job?
_____ Senior Management
_____ Middle management
_____ First level supervisor – non-supervisory personnel report to me
_____ Non-management position
_____ Other – Please specify: ______________________________________
15. Please indicate the kind of work primarily done by your work unit.
_____ Administration
_____ Engineering, manufacturing, or production
_____ Finance or accounting
_____ Human resource management or personnel management
_____ Marketing/Sales
_____ Planning
_____ Purchasing
_____ Research & Development
_____ Support Services
_____ Other – Please describe _________________________________________
3
16. How many employees are there in your company/organization?
____ Less than 500
____ 500-999
____ 1000-4999
____ 5000 or more
17. How many people work in your work unit? ____________ people
18. How many organizational levels are there between you and the chief executive of your
organization? _________ levels
SECTION B: The following 32 statements describe how people relate to various events
in their life. Please circle the number that best describes how much your opinion of the
statement. There are no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
My happiness depends very much on the
happiness of those around me.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2.
Winning is everything.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.
I usually sacrifice my self-interest for the benefit
of my group.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
It annoys me when other people perform better
than I do.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
It is important for me to maintain harmony within
my group.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
It is important to me that I do my job better than
Others.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1.
4.
5.
6.
7. I like sharing little things with my neighbors.
Strongly
Agree
4
Strongly
Disagree
I enjoy working in situations involving competition .
1
2
3
4
5
6
Strongly
Agree
7
The well-being of my co-workers is important
to me.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10. I often do "my own thing.”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11. If a relative were in financial difficulty, I would
help within my means.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. Competition is the law of nature.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13. If a co-worker gets a prize I would feel proud.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14. Being a unique individual is important to me.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
15. To me, pleasure is spending time with others.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
16. When another person does better than I do, I get
tense and aroused.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
17. Children should be taught to place duty before pleasure.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
18. Without competition it is not possible to have a
good society.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
19. I feel good when I cooperate with others.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
20. Some people emphasize winning; I am not one of them.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21. It is important to me that I respect decisions
made by my groups.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
22. I would rather depend on myself than on others.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
23. Family members should stick together, no matter
what sacrifices are required.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
24. I rely on myself most of the time; I rarely rely on others. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
25. Parents and children must stay together, as much
as possible.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
26. My personal identity independent from others is
very important to me.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
27. It is my duty to take care of my family, even when
I have to sacrifice what I want.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
28. My personal identity is very important to me.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
29. I am a unique person, separate from others
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8.
9.
5
Strongly
Disagree
Strongly
Agree
30. I respect the majority's wishes in groups of which
I am a member
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
31. I enjoy being unique and different from others
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
32. It is important to consult close friends and get
their ideas before making a decision
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
SECTION C: The following questions concern your beliefs about jobs in general. They
do not refer only to your present job. Please use the scale below to answer each question
by circling the relevant number. There are no right or wrong answers.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
A job is what you make of it.
1
2
3
4
5
Strongly
Agree
6
7
On most jobs, people can generally
accomplish whatever they would like
to accomplish.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If you know what you want out of a job, you
can find a job that gives it to you.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If employees are unhappy with a decision made
by their boss, they should do something about it. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Getting the job you want is mostly a matter of
luck.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Making money is primarily a matter of good
fortune.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Most people are capable of doing their jobs
well if they make the effort.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
In order to get a really good job, you need to
have family members or friends in high places
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Promotions are usually a matter of good
fortune.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
Strongly
Disagree
Strongly
Agree
10. When it comes to landing a really good job,
who you know is more important than what
you know.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11. Promotions are given to employees who
perform well on the job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. To make a lot of money, you have to know the
right people.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13. It takes a lot of luck to be an outstanding
employee on most jobs.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14. People who perform their jobs well generally
get rewarded.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
15. Most employees have more influence on their
supervisors than they think they do.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
16. The main difference between people who make
a lot of money and people who make a little
money is luck.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
SECTION D: Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to
which each statement represents your own attitude or feelings. Circle the number that
represents your answer. There are no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
5 = several times per day
4 = once or twice per day
3 = once or twice per week
2 = once or twice per month
1 = Less than once per month or never
1.
How often do you get into arguments with others at work?
1
2
3
4
5
2.
How often do other people get angry with you at work?
1
2
3
4
5
3.
How often are people rude to you at work?
1
2
3
4
5
4.
How often do other people do unkind things to you at work?
1
2
3
4
5
7
SECTION E: Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to
which each statement represents your own opinions. There are no right or wrong
answers.
RATING SCALE
5 – To a great extent
4 – To a moderate extent
3 – To some extent
2 – To a slight extent
1 -- Not at all
To what extent do you find it difficult or impossible to do your job because of ….?
Not at All
1
2
3
To a Great
Extent
4
5
1.
Poor equipment or supplies.
2.
Organizational rules and procedures.
1
2
3
4
5
3.
Other employees.
1
2
3
4
5
4.
Your supervisor.
1
2
3
4
5
5.
Lack of equipment or supplies.
1
2
3
4
5
6.
Inadequate training.
1
2
3
4
5
7.
Interruptions by other people.
1
2
3
4
5
8.
Lack of necessary information about what to do or how to do it.
1
2
3
4
5
9.
Conflicting job demands.
1
2
3
4
5
10. Inadequate help from others.
1
2
3
4
5
11. Incorrect instructions.
1
2
3
4
5
SECTION F: Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to
which each statement represents your own feelings. There are no right or wrong
answers.
RATING SCALE
5 – Strongly Agree
4 – Agree
3 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
1.
Strongly
Disagree
It often seems like I have too much work for one person to do.
1
2
3
Strongly
Agree
4
5
2.
I am given enough time to do what is expected of me on my job.
1
2
3
4
5
3.
The number of phone calls and interruptions are more than I
can handle.
1
2
3
4
5
8
Strongly
Disagree
4.
5.
Strongly
Agree
Working on this job leaves me little time to engage in other
activities outside of work.
1
2
3
4
5
I have too much pressure on me to complete assigned
tasks within a given period of time.
1
2
3
4
5
SECTION G: Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to
which each statement represents your own feelings. There are no right or wrong
answers.
RATING SCALE
4 = Very True
3 = Somewhat True
2 = A Little True
1 = Not at All True
1.
I can predict what others will expect from me tomorrow.
2.
I am clear about what others expect of me on my job.
3.
I get enough facts and information to work my best.
Not at All True
1
Very True
4
2
3
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
SECTION H: Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to
which each statement represents your own attitude or feelings. Circle the number that
represents your answer. There are no right or wrong answers.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
I am usually not told about important things
that are happening in this company.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Meetings are frequently held to discuss work
problems with my co-workers and me.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Decisions are usually made without consulting
the people who have to live with them.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
My work and family lives seem to get
in the way of each other.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Some members of my family want me to do
things that might not be good work practices.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Strongly
Agree
9
Strongly
Disagree
6.
Strongly
Agree
Sometimes at work I act just like I do with my
family.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
What I should do on my job and what my
family wants of me are two different things.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
My family expects me to do things at
work that conflict with my own judgment.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
My family has high expectations for me when
I am doing my work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10. My family is especially concerned that I do a
good job at work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11. I have the freedom to decide how to organize
my work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. I have control over what happens in
my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13. I have sufficient resources to make
decisions and implement these decisions
in my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14. I have input into decisions that affect
my own work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
7.
8.
9.
SECTION I: Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to
which each statement represents your own attitude or feelings. There are no right or
wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
5 – Always
4 – Often
3 – Sometimes
2 – Rarely
1 -- Never
How often do you have someone …
1.
Who explains how to efficiently get things accomplished?
Never
1
2
3
4
Always
5
2.
Who creates opportunities for you to get to know those in
upper management personally?
1
2
3
4
5
3.
Who is willing to listen to you?
1
2
3
4
5
4.
Who explains the “political” aspects of your job/position?
1
2
3
4
5
5.
Whose association with you gives you power to get things
done that are ordinarily hard to accomplish?
1
2
3
4
5
Who you can depend on?
1
2
3
4
5
6.
10
How often do you have someone …
Never
7.
Always
Who informs you of important but subtle aspects concerning
your job/position?
1
2
3
4
5
Who sees to it that you have a wide variety of challenging
assignments?
1
2
3
4
5
Whom you can trust and who trusts you in return?
1
2
3
4
5
10. Who informs you of the “unwritten” laws of your work
environment?
1
2
3
4
5
11. Who has confidence in your skills and abilities?
1
2
3
4
5
12. Who advises you on how to use the various organizational
resources to advance your career?
1
2
3
4
5
13. Who uses his/her influence to advance your career?
1
2
3
4
5
14. To whom you can go for advice?
1
2
3
4
5
15. Who encourages opportunities for you to grow on the job?
1
2
3
4
5
8.
9.
SECTION J: The purpose of this section is to gain an understanding of how people view
time. Please indicate the degree to which you agree or disagree with the following
statements by circling the appropriate number on the scale. The best answer to each
statement is your personal opinion. There is no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Strongly
Agree
If I could, I would prefer to deal with people
I need to work with face-to-face.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If I could, I would prefer to deal with people
I need to work with by phone.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If I could, I would prefer to deal with people
I need to work with using email.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If I could, I would prefer to deal with people
I need to work with using letters.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If a client indicates that he or she will be at an
appointment, I will wait on him or her until he
or she arrives, even if he or she is late.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11
Strongly
Disagree
1
6.
Punctuality is important on the job.
7.
When dealing with people, I take all of the
time I require, even if it disrupts my schedule.
Strongly
Agree
7
2
3
4
5
6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
While working with others, I do not forget that
my personal relationship with them is just as
important as my working relationship with them. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I like to perform several activities at the same
time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10. I would rather complete an entire project every
day than complete parts of several projects.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11. I believe people should try to do many things
at the same time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. When I work by myself, I usually work on one
project at a time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13. I prefer to do one thing at a time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14. I believe people do their best work when they
have many tasks to complete.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
15. I believe it is best to complete one task before
beginning another one.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
16. I believe it is best for people to be given several
tasks and assignments to perform.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
17. I seldom like to work on more than a single task
or assignment at the same time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
18. I would rather complete parts of several projects
every day than complete an entire project.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
19. I get upset when events do not begin and end
on schedule.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
20. Last minute rushes to meet deadlines indicate
poor use of time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
21. It bothers me when something unpredicted
interrupts my daily schedule.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
22. When I am able to count several completed
tasks at the end of the day, I know I have made
good use of my time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
23. I would be willing to put up with some
frustrations in the present in order to gain
something of value in the future.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8.
9.
12
Strongly
Disagree
Strongly
Agree
24. The successful person is one who is always
on time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
25. Adhering to a regular work schedule results in
consistent quality of performance.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
26. I feel unhappy at the end of a day if I have
not used my time well.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
27. If I am sick for a day, I worry that I will not
be able to catch up.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
28. I believe deadlines are essential because they
encourage productivity.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
29. When setting goals, it helps to have a
completion date projected.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
30. When I have to wait for something, I tend to
get tense and anxious.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
31. Agendas for meetings should contain specific
time periods for specific topics.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
32. I wonder how some people can get along in
today’s world without wearing watches.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
33. People who are consistently late for
appointments are inconsiderate of others.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
34. Being on time means not having to rush.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
35. One of the most important values that parents
can teach their children is the value of time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
36. I recognize that planning takes time, but saves
time in the end.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
37. I would characterize myself as a “punctual”
person.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
38. I make sure that other people do not waste
my working time.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
39. There is not much sense in planning for the
future since we are unable to foresee all of
the consequences of such plans.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
40. A full and productive life demands that we
recall from the past, intervene in the present,
and plan for the future.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
41. Managers should let their subordinates know
well in advance the detailed plans of future
activities.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13
SECTION K: The questions in this section ask about various aspects of the job you do.
Please read the answer categories carefully. Then decide on the extent to which each
statement represents your own attitude or feelings.
RATING SCALE
7 – Extremely Satisfied
6 – Satisfied
5 – Slightly Satisfied
4 – Neutral
3 – Slightly Dissatisfied
2 – Dissatisfied
1 – Extremely Dissatisfied
How satisfied are you with the following aspects of your job?
2
3
4
5
Extremely
Satisfied
6
7
The amount of pay and fringe benefits I receive. 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The amount of personal growth and
development I get in doing my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4.
The people I talk to and work with on my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
5.
The degree of respect and fair treatment I
receive from my boss.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The feeling of worthwhile accomplishment I
get from doing my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The chance to get to know other people while
on the job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The amount of support and guidance I receive
from my supervisor.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
The degree to which I am fairly paid for what I
contribute to this organization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10. The amount of independent thought and action
I can exercise in my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11. How secure things look for me in the future in
in this organization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. The chance to help other people while at work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13. The amount of challenge in my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
14. The overall quality of the supervision I receive
in my work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1.
The amount of job security you have.
2.
3.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Extremely
Dissatisfied
1
14
SECTION L: The following questions ask about various aspects of your life. Please read
the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to which each statement
represents your own attitude or feelings. Circle the number that represents the answer
you want to pick. There are no right or wrong answers.
1.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
In most ways, my life is close to my ideal.
1
2
3
4
5
6
2.
The conditions of my life are excellent.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.
I am satisfied with my life.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4.
So far, I have gotten the important things I
want in life.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If I could live my life over, I would change
almost nothing.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
5.
Strongly
Agree
7
SECTION M: The following questions deal with your current feelings about your job.
Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to which each
statement represents your own attitude or feelings. Circle the number that represents
the answer you want to pick. There are no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
5 – Strongly Agree
4 – Agree
3 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
1.
Strongly
Agree
I am currently looking for a job with a different
company.
1
2
3
4
5
2.
I intend to remain on this job.
1
2
3
4
5
3.
I plan to quit my job soon.
1
2
3
4
5
4.
I often follow up on job openings I read or hear about.
1
2
3
4
5
15
SECTION N: The following questions ask you about your feelings about your present job.
Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to which each statement
represents your own attitude or feelings. Circle the number that represents the answer you
want to pick. There are no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
5 – Strongly Agree
4 – Agree
3 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
1.
Strongly
Agree
The most important things that happen to me involve
my present job.
1
2
3
4
5
2.
To me, my job is only a small part of who I am.
1
2
3
4
5
3.
I am very much involved personally in my job.
1
2
3
4
5
4.
Most of my interests are centered around my job.
1
2
3
4
5
5.
I have very strong ties with my present job that would
be very difficult to break.
1
2
3
4
5
6.
Usually, I feel detached from my job.
1
2
3
4
5
7.
Most of my personal life goals are job-oriented.
1
2
3
4
5
8.
I consider my job to be very central to my existence.
1
2
3
4
5
9.
I like to be absorbed in my job most of the time.
1
2
3
4
5
SECTION O: Please read the answer categories carefully. Then decide on the extent to which
each statement represents your own attitude or feelings. There are no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
I am willing to put in a great deal of effort
beyond that normally expected in order to help
this organization be successful.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2.
I feel very little loyalty to this organization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.
I am proud to tell others that I am part of this
organization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
1.
Strongly
Agree
16
Strongly
Disagree
4.
5.
6.
Strongly
Agree
It would take very little change in my present
circumstances to cause me to leave this
organization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
There’s not too much to be gained by staying
in this organization indefinitely.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I really care about the fate of this organization.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
SECTION P: Please rate the extent to which you use the following approaches when
confronted with a difficult situation or problem at work. Please read the statements
below carefully. Then decide on the extent to which each statement represents your
personal opinions. There are no right or wrong answers.
RATING SCALE
5 – To a great extent
4 – To a moderate extent
3 – To some extent
2 – To a slight extent
1 -- Not at all
To a Great
Extent
Not at All
1.
I think that the situation could be an
opportunity to learn and develop new skills.
1
2
3
4
5
I think about the new challenges I can find in
the situation.
1
2
3
4
5
I think of myself as a person who can
eventually solve this problem.
1
2
3
4
5
I think that the situation could have been worse
than what it is now.
1
2
3
4
5
I accept the situation because there is nothing
I can do to change it.
1
2
3
4
5
I am able to put the problem out
of my mind when I go home.
1
2
3
4
5
I try to convince myself that there are other
things more important in life than the
problematic situation I am facing at work.
1
2
3
4
5
8.
I try to keep my mind off of the problem.
1
2
3
4
5
9.
I ask people who have had the same problem
what they have done to solve it.
1
2
3
4
5
10. I get together with my supervisor or coworkers
to find ways to solve it.
1
2
3
4
5
11. I put extra attention on planning, scheduling,
and prioritizing to tackle the problem.
1
2
3
4
5
12. I anticipate the negative consequences so that
I am prepared for the worst.
1
2
3
4
5
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
17
13. I just pretend nothing has happened.
Not at All
1
2
3
4
To a Great
Extent
5
1
2
3
4
5
14. Whenever possible, I try to stay away from
this type of situation.
SECTION Q: The questions below focus on your feelings and the pressures in your job.
Please read the statements below carefully. Then decide on the extent to which each
statement represents your own opinion. There are no right or wrong answers.
1.
RATING SCALE
7 – Strongly Agree
6 – Agree
5 – Slightly Agree
4 – Neither Agree nor Disagree
3 – Slightly Disagree
2 – Disagree
1 – Strongly Disagree
Strongly
Disagree
My job tends to directly affect my health.
1
2
3
4
5
6
2.
I work under a great deal of tension.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
3.
I have felt fidgety or nervous as a result of
my job.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
If I had a different job, my health would
probably improve.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Problems associated with my job have kept
me awake at night.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I have felt nervous before attending meetings
in the company.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I often “take my job home with me” in the
sense that I think about it when doing other
things.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I often feel weak all over due to job related
problems.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
I have had trouble getting to sleep or staying
asleep.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10. I get irritated or annoyed over the way things
are going at work.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11. I may now have an ulcer because of work
problems.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Strongly
Agree
7
18
SECTION R: The way things are in your society
In this section, we are interested in your beliefs about the norms, values, and practices in
your society. In other words, we are interested in the way your society is – not the way
you think it should be. There are no right or wrong answers, and answers don’t indicate
the goodness or badness of the society.
Please respond to the questions by circling the number that most closely represents your
observations about your society.
1.
In this society, orderliness and consistency are stressed, even at the expense of experimentation and
innovation:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2. In this society, people are generally:
Aggressive
1
2
3.
5.
4
5
6
Non-aggressive
7
6
Take life events
as they occur
7
6
Accept the
status quo
7
6
The authority of
one’s position
7
6
Non-assertive
7
The way to be successful in this society is to:
Plan ahead
1
4.
3
2
3
In this society, the accepted norm is to:
Plan for
the future
1
2
3
4
4
5
5
In this society, a person’s influence is based primarily on:
One’s ability and
contribution to society
1
2
3
4
5
6. In this society, people are generally:
Assertive
1
2
3
4
5
7.
In this society, leaders encourage group loyalty, even if individual goals suffer:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8.
In this society, social gatherings are:
Planned well in advance
(2 or more weeks in advance)
1
2
9.
In this society, people are generally:
Very concerned
about others
1
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
Spontaneous (planned less
than an hour in advance)
7
6
Not at all concerned
about others
7
19
10. In this society, people are generally:
Dominant
1
2
3
4
5
6
Non-dominant
7
11. In this society, children take pride in the individual accomplishments of their parents:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. The economic system in this society is designed to maximize:
Individual
interests
1
2
3
4
5
6
Collective
interests
7
13. In this society, followers are expect to:
Obey their leaders
without question
1
2
3
4
5
6
Question their leaders
when in disagreement
7
14. In this society, people are generally:
Tough
1
2
4
5
6
Tender
7
3
15. In this society, teenaged students are encouraged to strive for continuous improved performance:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
16. In this society, most people lead highly structured lives with few unexpected events:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
17. In this society, boys are encouraged more than girls to attain a higher education:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
18. In this society, major rewards are based on:
Performance effectiveness
Only performance
and other factors (for
effectiveness
example, seniority or
political connections
1
2
3
4
5
6
Only factors other than
performance effectiveness
(for example, seniority or
political connections)
7
19. In this society, societal requirements and instructions are spelled out in detail so citizens know what they are
expected to do:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
20.
In this society, being innovative to improve performance is generally:
Substantially
Somewhat
Not
rewarded
rewarded
rewarded
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
20
21. In this society, people are generally:
Very sensitive
toward others
1
2
3
4
5
22. In this society, there is more emphasis on athletic programs for:
Boys
1
2
3
4
5
6
Not at all sensitive
toward others
7
6
Girls
7
23. In this society, parents take pride in the individual accomplishments of their children:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
24. This society has rules or laws to cover:
Almost all
situations
1
2
3
25. In this society, people are generally:
Very
friendly
1
2
3
Some
situations
4
4
26. In this society, people in positions of power try to:
Increase their social distance
from less powerful individuals
1
2
3
4
5
5
5
6
Very few
situations
7
6
Very
unfriendly
7
6
Decrease their social distance
from less powerful individuals
7
27. In this society, rank and position in the hierarchy have special privileges:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Disagree
nor Disagree
1
2
3
4
5
6
Strongly
Agree
7
28. In this society, aging parents generally live at home with their children:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Disagree
nor Disagree
1
2
3
4
5
6
Strongly
Agree
7
29. In this society, being accepted by the other members of a group is very important:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
30. In this society, more people:
Live for the present than
live for the future
1
2
3
4
31. In this society, people place more emphasis on:
Solving current
problems
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
Live for the future than
live for the present
7
6
Planning for
the future
7
21
32. In this society, people are generally:
Very tolerant
of mistakes
1
2
33. In this society, people are generally:
Very
generous
1
2
34. In this society, power is:
Concentrated at
the top
1
35. In this society:
Group cohesion is
valued more than
individualism
1
3
3
4
4
4
5
5
2
3
5
2
Group cohesion and
individualism are
equally valued
3
4
5
6
Not at all tolerant
of mistakes
7
6
Not at all
generous
7
6
Shared throughout
the society
7
6
Individualism is valued
more than group
cohesion
7
36. In this society, it is worse for a boy to fail in school than for a girl to fail in school:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
37. In this society, people are generally:
Physical
1
2
3
4
5
6
38. In this society, who is more likely to serve in a position of high office?
Men and women
Men
are equally
likely to serve
1
2
3
4
5
6
Non-physical
7
Women
7
39. In this society, children generally live at home with their parents until they get married:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
22
SECTION S: The way things generally should be in your society
In this section, we are interested in your beliefs about what the norms, values, and
practices should be in your society. Again, there are no right or wrong answers, and
answers don’t indicate the goodness or badness of the society.
Please respond to the questions by circling the number that most closely represents your
observations about your society.
1.
I believe that orderliness and consistency should be stressed, even at the expense of experimentation and
innovation:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2. In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Aggressive
1
2
3
4
5
6
Non-aggressive
7
6
Take life events
as they occur
7
6
Accept the
status quo
7
3. I believe that people who are successful should:
Plan ahead
1
2
3
4
5
4. I believe that the accepted norm in this society should be to:
Plan for
the future
1
2
3
4
5
5.
I believe that a person’s influence in this society should be based primarily on:
One’s ability and
The authority of
contribution to society
one’s position
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6.
In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Assertive
1
2
3
4
5
6
Non-assertive
7
7.
I believe that, in general, leaders should encourage group loyalty even if individual goals suffer:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8.
I believe that social gatherings should be:
Planned well in advance
(2 or more weeks in advance)
1
2
3
9.
4
In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Very concerned
about others
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
Spontaneous (planned less
than an hour in advance)
7
6
Not at all concerned
about others
7
23
10. In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Dominant
1
2
3
4
5
6
Non-dominant
7
11. In this society, children should take pride in the individual accomplishments of their parents:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
12. I believe that the economic system in this society should be designed to maximize:
Individual
Collective
interests
interests
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
13. I believe that followers should:
Obey their leaders
without question
1
2
4
5
6
Question their leaders
when in disagreement
7
14. In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Tough
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tender
7
3
15. I believe that teenaged students should be encouraged to strive for continuous improved performance:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
16. I believe that a person who leads a structured life that has few unexpected events:
Has a lot to be
Is missing a lot
thankful for
of excitement
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
17. I believe that boys should be encouraged to attain a higher education more than girls:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
18. I believe that major rewards should be based on:
Performance effectiveness
Only performance
and other factors (for
effectiveness
example, seniority or
political connections
1
2
3
4
5
6
Only factors other than
performance effectiveness
(for example, seniority or
political connections)
7
19. I believe that societal requirements and instructions should be spelled out in detail so citizens know what
they are expected to do:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
20. I believe that being innovative to improve performance should be:
Substantially
Somewhat
rewarded
rewarded
1
2
3
4
5
6
Not
rewarded
7
24
21. In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Very sensitive
toward others
1
2
3
4
5
6
22. I believe that there should be more emphasis on athletic programs for:
Boys
1
2
3
4
5
6
Not at all sensitive
toward others
7
Girls
7
23. In this society, parents should take pride in the individual accomplishments of their children:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
24. I believe that society should have rules or laws to cover:
Almost all
Some
situations
situations
1
2
3
4
5
25. I believe that leaders in this society should:
Provide detailed plans
concerning how to
achieve goals
1
2
3
4
5
6
Very few
situations
7
6
Allow the people freedom
in determining how best to
achieve goals
7
26. I believe that this society would be more effectively managed if there were:
Many more women in positions
About the same number
Many less women in positions
of authority than there are now
of women in positions of
of authority than there are now
authority as there are now
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
27. In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Very
friendly
1
2
3
4
5
28. I believe that people in positions of power should try to:
Increase their social distance
from less powerful individuals
1
2
3
4
5
6
6
Very
unfriendly
7
Decrease their social distance
from less powerful individuals
7
29. How important should it be to members of your society that your society is viewed positively by persons in
other societies:
It should not be
It should be
It should be
important at all
moderately important
very important
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
30. I believe that people should:
Live for the present
1
2
3
4
31. In this society, people should be encouraged to be:
Very tolerant
of mistakes
1
2
3
4
5
5
6
Live for the future
7
6
Not at all tolerant
of mistakes
7
25
32. I believe that people should set challenging goals for themselves:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Disagree
nor Disagree
1
2
3
4
5
6
Strongly
Agree
7
33. When in disagreement with adults, young people should defer to elders:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Disagree
nor Disagree
1
2
3
4
5
6
Strongly
Agree
7
34. Members of this society should:
Take pride in being a
a member of
the society
Take a great deal of pride
in being a member of
the society
1
35.
36.
2
I believe that power should be:
Concentrated at
the top
1
2
Take a moderate
amount of pride in
being a member of
the society
3
4
5
3
4
5
In this society, most people prefer to play:
Only individual
Some individual
sports
and some team
sports
1
2
3
4
5
37. I believe that:
Group cohesion is
valued more than
individualism
1
2
Group cohesion and
individualism are
equally valued
3
4
5
6
7
6
Shared throughout
the society
7
Only team
sports
6
7
6
Individualism is valued
more than group
cohesion
7
38. I believe that it should be worse for a boy to fail in school than for a girl to fail in school:
Strongly
Neither Agree
Strongly
Disagree
nor Disagree
Agree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
39. I believe that opportunities for leadership positions should be:
More available for
Equally available
men than for women
for men and women
1
2
3
4
5
6
More available for
women than for men
7
Thank you again for your participation in our survey.
26