Teaching aims & demands:
1. Learn the grammar---Verb-ing
phrases used as the adverbial.
2. Understand the Noninative Absolute
(独立主格结构) and grasp some
idiomatic usages ( 惯用法）.
3. The perfect form and negative
form of a verb-ing.
非
谓
语
动
词
不定式
动名词
定语
现在分词
表语
-ing 形式
过去分词
宾语补
足语
状语
Warming-up exercises（Revision）
1. The traveler ____ on the hillside____ the
sun rising.
现在分词作定语
A. stands; watch
B. stand; and watch
C. standing; to watch D. standing; watched
2. Yesterday I saw a man ____ in the street,
with a little boy ____
on his shoulders.
seated=sitting
A. walking; seating
B. walk; sat
C. walking; seated D. to walk; sitting
see sb. doing 表示动作正在进行
Warming-up exercises（Revision）
3. The missing boys were last seen ____ near
the river.
A. playing
B. to be playing
C. play
D. to play
4. Tom apologized for _______to inform me
of the change of the plan.
A. his being not able B. him not to be able
C. his not being able D. him to be not able
动名词的否定复合结构
Warming-up exercises（Revision）
5. After the flood, no house in the village __.
A. left standing
B. left stood
C. remained standing
D. was remained
stood remain standing 保持竖立在
6. He went to school early, only _____there was
nobody there at all.
意料之外的结果
A. finding B. to find C. found D. Find
7. We’d better keep a secret of the things
____ now.
keep … doing
A. being discussed B. discussing
C. to discuss
D. to be discussed
General introduction
一．作状语
1). 作伴随状语,表示与谓语动词的动作同时
发生。
On August 24, the mountain exploded,
pouring out a cloud of ash.
Alexander the Great turned his eyes east, and
marched all his way to India, finding victory
wherever he went.
General introduction
一．作状语
2).作方式状语，表示方式。
*Americans like traveling, driving their cars.
*They often communicate with each other,
using English.
General introduction
一．作状语
3). 作时间状语，相当于状语从句。
现在分词可表示动作与主句谓语动词同时
或几乎同时发生或进行。
Seeing the big snake, the girl was almost
frightened to death.
=When she saw the big snake,the girl was
almost frightened to death.
General introduction
一．作状语
4).作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句, 常放
在句首 。
*Being a student,I must work hard.
I am a student I must work
=Because ___________________,
hard.
General introduction
一．作状语
5). 作结果状语
Both his parents died in the war, leaving him
alone in the world.
Nature has provided Shangri-la
with endless natural treasures,
_____________(make
)the land a
making
happy home for the local people.
General introduction
一．作状语
6). 作条件状语
Working hard, you will succeed one day.
If you work hard
=________________,
you will succeed
one day.
and
=Work hard, _______
you will succeed
one day.
1. 现在分词作状语时, 为了使意义更加明确,
也可以在分词前加上对应的连词when,
while, as, once , if，although, though等；
带有连词的现在分词结构相当于一个省略
句,省略的部分为主语+现在分词的相应变
化形式（即谓语）.
牛刀小试
1. While reading the novel, he nodded from
time to time.
reading the novel, he
=While____
____ _______
he was
nodded from time to time.
2. When deciding what is important in life,
some people choose money while
others choose things like security and
comfort.
decide
= When some people ________what
is
important in life, they choose money
while others choose things like security and
comfort.
2. 现在分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句
子的主语相s同；如果不相同，分词前必须
加上自己的主语，这种结构被称为独立主
格结构。
Time permitting, I will stay for another week.
= If time permits, I will stay for another week.
(独立主格结构)
There _________(be)
no bus, we
being
had to walk home.
was
= Because there _________
no
bus, we had to walk home.
3. 某些固定结构中，分词或不定式的逻辑主语不
受句子主语的限制，可独立使用，称为独立分
词结构。 这些结构有：
(generally/frankly/personally/honestly/strictly
…) speaking, …
judging from / by…
supposing /providing / provided / given that
…(假使，倘若）
某些动词不定式也常用作独立副词成分。这些结
构有：
To tell you the truth
To be honest/ exact / strict / frank
Believe it or not
speaking
1. Generally ___________(
speak ),
we have learnt a lot in this
school.
Judging (judge ) from his
2. ________
appearance, he is somebody.
3. ________
( suppose ) (that) you
Supposing
are wrong, what will you do
then?
4. 现在分词的形式
1) Not knowing much English, he found it
difficult to communicate with
foreigners.
2) Having worked with many
environmental consultants, I know that
a healthy environment and development
should be possible at the same time.
现在分词的形式
doing ( 被动式
现在分词的一般式 ________
_________________
being done )
现在分词的完成式____________
having done( 被动式
_________________
)
having been done
not
现在分词的否定式均为________+现在分词.
牛刀小试
1. After he had waited in the line for half an
hour, he suddenly realized that he left his
wallet at home.
= ______________in
Having waited the line for half an hour,
he suddenly realized that he left his wallet at
home.
2. Because he didn’t know, he turned to the
teacher for help.
= _________________
what to do next, he
Not knowing
turned to the teacher for help.
Group Competition
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
C water, but nobody
1. People drink ____
drinks____ water.
A. boiling; boiling
B. boiling; boiled
C. boiled; boiling
D. boiled; boiled
boiled water 开水（已烧开过的水）
boiling water 正在沸腾的水
2. 何种状语？
Having been dismissed by the boss,
he felt extremely angry.
原因状语
Back
B
1._________for
a long time, the mother
worried a great deal.
A.Having not heard from her son
B. Not having heard from her son
C. Not hearing from her son
D. Not heard from her son
现在分词的否定完成式
Back
1. Nearly every great building in Beijing
was built ____
B south.
A. to face
B. facing
C. to have faced D. being facing
2.何种状语？ 时间状语
Liu Weihai was attacked by a wild
animal three months ago while leading a
group of tourists in the mountains.
Back
A
1. Night _____,
we hurried home.
A. falling B. fall
C. fell
D. fallen
独立主格结构
Back
1.何种状语？
Socrates always asked challenging
questions to everyone he met, upsetting
many people in Athens.
结果状语
Back
1. ____
B several times, the young scientist
still kept on making his experiments.
A. Having been failed B. Having failed
C. Though failed D. Because of failed
Back
C
1. __________ , he had to stay at home
to look after her.
A. Being ill
B. Having been ill
C. His mother being ill
D. His mother was ill
独立主格结构
Back
1.____a letter from her parents, Lily
is now looking forward to ____ from
them.
 A. Having not received; hear
 B. Not received; hear
 C
C. Not having received; hearing
 D. Receiving; hearing
D Sunday, the students are at
2.____
home.
A. Being B. To be C. It is D. It being
Back
1. 何种状语？
Making a little more effort,
you will get what you want.
条件状语
Back
B many times, but he still doesn’t
1. ____
know how to do it.
A. Being told B. He has been told
C. Having told D. Having been told
Back