Profit and Loss
1. A man bought a cycle for Rs.250. for how much should he sell it so as to gain 10%?
SP =
Rs.250
× 110% = Rs.275
100%
2. A man bought a cycle for Rs.560. for how much shall he sell it so as to lose 10%?
SP =
Rs.560
× 90% = Rs.504
100%
3. If by selling an article for Rs.390 a shopkeeper gains 20%, find his cost.
CP =
Rs.390
× 100% = Rs.325
120%
4. By selling goods for Rs.352.88, I lost 12%; find the cost price.
CP =
Rs.352.88
× 100% = Rs.401
88%
5. A man buys a toy for Rs.25 and sells it for Rs.30. Find his profit/gain percent.
%P =
30 − 25
× 100 = 20%
25
6. A boy buys a pen for Rs.25 and sells it for Rs.15. Find his loss percent.
%L =
15 − 25
× 100 = −40% = 40% loss
25
7. A shopkeeper sold a TV at 24% discount on the marked price. If the customer paid Rs.6536 for
the TV, what is the marked price?
Rs.6536
× 100% = Rs.8600
76%
8. A discount of 15% is given on an article. If the given discount is Rs.12, then find the marked price
of the article.
Rs.12
× 100% = Rs.60
15%
9. I sold a book at a profit of 12%. If I sold it for Rs.18 more, 18% would have been gained. Find the
cost of the book.
Rs.18
× 100% = Rs.300
18% − 12%
10. A trader sold a horse at a loss of 10%. If he is able to sell it for Rs.64 more, he gains 6%. Find the
cost price of the horse.
Rs.64
× 100% = Rs.400
6% − (−10%)
11. A bought a TV at a discount of 20% on the marked price. If he bought it at 25% discount, he is
able to get Rs.500 more discounts. At what price did he buy the TV?
Rs.500
× (100% − 20% ) = Rs.8000
25% − 20%
12. A tradesman sold an article at a loss of 20%. If the selling price had been increased by Rs.100,
there would have been a gain of 5%. What was the cost price of the article?
Compiled By: Anjan
Page 1
Profit and Loss
Rs.100
× 100% = Rs.400
5% − (−20%)
13. A dealer sold a radio at a loss of 2.5%. If he sells it for Rs.100 more, he would have gained 7.5%.
For what value should he sell it in order to gain 12 %?
Rs.100
× 112.5% = Rs.1125
7.5% − (−2.5%)
14. By selling an article for Rs.19.50 a dealer makes a profit of 30%. By how much should he increase
his selling price so as to make a profit of 40%?
Rs.19.50
× (140% − 130%) = Rs.1.5
130%
15. By selling a horse for Rs.570, a tradesman would lose 5%. At what price must he sell it to gain
5%?
SP =
Rs.570
× 105% = Rs.630
95%
16. A machine is sold for Rs.5060 at a gain of 10%. What would have been the gain or loss percent if
it had been sold for Rs.4370?
110%
× Rs 4370 = 95%
Rs.5060
Hence; % L = 100% − 95% = 5%
% SP =
17. An article is marked for sell at Rs.275. the shopkeeper allows a discount of 5% on the marked
price. His net profit is 4.5%. What did the shopkeeper pay for the article?
%P =
95
100 × 100% = Rs.250
104.5%
Rs.275 ×
18. Alfred buys an old scooter for Rs.4700 and spends Rs.800 for its repair. If he sells the scooter for
Rs.5800, find his gain percent.
CP = 4700 + 800 = Rs.5500
SP = Rs.5800
%P =
5800 − 5500
5
× 100 = 5 %
550
11
19. If the cost price is 96% of the selling price, then what is the profit percent?
SP = 100%
CP = 96%
%P =
100% − 96%
1
× 100 = 4 %
96%
6
20. A retailer got a discount of 10% on the marked price of a watch from the whole seller. In turn he
sells it at marked price. Find his gain percent.
Compiled By: Anjan
Page 2
Profit and Loss
MP = 100
90
= 90
Now SP = MP = 100
100
100 − 90
100
1
∴ %P =
× 100 =
% = 11 %
90
9
9
CP = 100 ×
21. Monica purchased a pressure cooker at 9/10 of its selling price and sold it at 8% more than it’s
selling price. Find her gain percent.
SP1 = 100%
CP = 90%
SP2 = 108%
%P =
108% − 90%
18%
× 100 =
× 100% = 20%
90%
90%
22. An article is sold at a certain price. By selling it at 2/3 of that price one loses 10%. Find the gain
percent at the original price.
CP = 100%
2
SP = (100% − 10%)
3
3
⇒ SP = 90% × = 135%
2
∴ % P = 135% − 100% = 35%
23. What will be the percentage profit after selling an article at a certain price if there is a loss of
45% when the article is sold at 1/3 of the previous selling price?
CP = 100%
1
SP = (100% − 45%)
3
3
⇒ SP = 55% × = 165%
1
∴ % P = 165% − 100% = 65%
24. A calculates his profit percentage on the selling price whereas B calculates his on the cost price.
They find that the difference of their profits is Rs.100. if the selling price of both of them are the
same and both of them get 25% profit, find their selling price.
SPA = 100%
SPB = 100%
100
100
= 80%
CPB = 100% ×
= 80%
125
125
Rs.100
=
× 100% = Rs.2000
25
25 

− 80 ×
100 ×
%
100
100 

CPA = 100% ×
SPA or B
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Profit and Loss
25. The profit made by selling a book for Rs.300 is as much as the loss incurred when it is sold for
Rs.250. Find the cost price of the book.
Rs.300 − CP = CP − Rs.250
300 + 250
⇒ CP =
= Rs.275
2
26. The profit earned by selling an article for Rs.900 is double the loss incurred when the same
article is sold for Rs.450. at what price should the article be sold to make 25% profit?
Rs.900 − CP = 2 × (CP − Rs.450)
900 + 900
⇒ CP =
= Rs.600
3
Rs.600
SP =
× 125% = Rs.750
100%
27. A dishonest shopkeeper professes to sell his goods at cost price, but he uses a weight of 960gm
instead of a kg. Find
1) The profit percent of the shopkeeper.
2) The loss percent of the customer.
1) % PS =
40 gm
1
× 100 = 4 %
960 gm
6
2) % LC =
40 gm
× 100 = 4%
1000gm
28. Winter Dhamaka–“Buy 4 shirts get 1 shirt free”–an advertisement outside a garment shop. Find:
1) The percentage loss of the shopkeeper.
2) The percentage profit of the customer.
1
× 100 = 20%
5
1
2) % PC = × 100 = 25%
4
1) % LS =
29. If oranges are bought at the rate of 30 for a rupee, how many must be sold for a rupee in order
to gain 25%?
30 ×
100
= 24 Oranges
125
30. If the toffees are bought at the rate of 25 for a rupee, how many must be sold for a rupee so as
to gain 25%?
25 ×
100
= 20 Toffees
125
31. By selling apples at 32 a rupee, a man loses 40%. How many for a rupee should he sell in order
to gain 20%?
32 ×
Compiled By: Anjan
60 100
×
= 16 Apples
100 120
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Profit and Loss
32. If a man purchases 11 oranges for Rs.10 and sells 10 oranges for Rs.11. How much profit or loss
does he make?
%P =
11 × 11 − 10 × 10
× 100 = 21%
10 × 10
33. A boy buys apples at 9 for Rs.16 and sells them at 11 for Rs.20. what does his gain or lose
percent?
%P =
9 × 20 − 16 × 11
25
3
× 100 =
=2 %
16 × 11
11
11
34. If the ratio of CP and SP 4:7. Then find the percentage profit.
%P =
7−4
× 100 = 75%
4
35. The cost price of the 10 articles is equal to the selling price of 9 articles. Find the profit percent.
CP (10 ) = SP (9 )
⇒ CP : SP = 9 : 10
%P =
10 − 9
1
× 100 = 11 %
9
9
36. I sell 16 articles for the same money as I paid for 20. What is my gain percent?
CP (20 ) = SP(16)
⇒ CP : SP = 16 : 20 = 4 : 5
%P =
5−4
× 100 = 25%
4
37. By selling 33 meters of cloth, one gains the selling price of 11 meters. Find the gain percent.
SP − CP = P
⇒ SP (33m) − CP (33m) = SP (11m)
⇒ CP (33m) = SP (22m)
⇒ CP : SP = 22 : 33
%P =
33 − 22
11
× 100 =
× 100 = 50%
22
22
38. By selling 66 meters of cloth, a person gains the cost of 22 meters. Find his gain percent.
SP − CP = P
⇒ SP (66 m) − CP (66 m) = CP ( 22m)
⇒ CP (88m) = SP (66m)
⇒ CP : SP = 66 : 88 = 3 : 4
4−3
100
1
%P =
× 100 =
= 33 %
3
3
3
39. A sells a goods to B at a profit of 20% and B sells it to C at a profit of 25%. If C pays Rs.225 for it,
what was the cost price for A?
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Profit and Loss
Rs.225 ×
100 100
×
= Rs.150
125 120
40. A sells a bicycle to B at a profit of 30% and B sells it to C at a loss of 20%. If C pays Rs.520 for it,
at what price did A buy?
Rs.520 ×
100 100
×
= Rs.500
80 130
41. Manju sells an article to Anju at a profit of 25%. Anju sells it to Sonia at a gain of 10% and Sonia
sells it to Bobby at a profit of 5%. If Sonia sells it for Rs.231, find the cost price at which Manju
bought the article?
Rs.231 ×
100 100 100
×
×
= Rs.160
105 110 125
42. A reduction of 10% in the price of sugar enables a person to obtain 25kg more for Rs.225.
1) What is the reduction price per kg?
2) What was the original price per kg?
10
100 = Rs.0.90 per kg
1)
25kg
Rs.0.90 per kg
2)
× 100% = Rs.1 per kg
90%
Rs 225 ×
43. A tradesman marks his goods at 25% above his cost price and allows purchasers a discount of
1
12 % for the cash payment. What profit percent does he make?
2
1
% P = 25% − 12 % −
2
1
25% × 12 %
2 = 93%
100
8
44. A trader allows a discount of 5% for cash payment. How much percent above cost price must he
mark his goods to make a profit of 10%?
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Profit and Loss
10% = ? % − 5 −
⇒ ? % = 15
? % × 5%
100
15
%
19
45. A profit of 20% is made on goods when a discount of 10% is given on the marked price. What
profit percent will be made when a discount of 20% is given on the marked price?
20% = x − 10 −
⇒x=
10 × x
100
100
%
3
100
3
100
20 ×
100
− 20 −
3
20
2
⇒?=
%=6 %
3
3
?% =
46. A person sells an article at a profit of 10%. If he bought it for 10% less and sold it for Rs.3 more,
he would have gained 25%. Find the cost price.
Rs.3
× 100% = Rs.120
12.5% − 10%
47. A person bought an article and sold it at a loss of 10%. If he had bought it for 20% less and sold it
for Rs.55 more he would have had a profit of 40%. Find the cost price of the article.
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Profit and Loss
Rs.55
× 100% = Rs.250
12% − (−10%)
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