Submitted by
Soumya Johnson
Social Science
Reg. No. 13385011
St. Jacob’s Training College
Menamkulam
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tem-I-¯n-se G-ähpw h-en-b-h³I-c
G-jy-sb h-S-¡³ Xm-gv\n-e {]-tZ-iÄ a-[y-]ÀÆ-X t{i-Wn-IÄ sX-¡³ {]mNo-\ ]oT-`q-an F¶o `q-{]-Ir-Xn hn-`m-K-§-fm-bn X-cw-Xncn-¨n-cn-¡¶p.
ssS-{Kokv bq-{^-«o-kv \-Zo-X-S-§Ä kn-Ôp \ZoX-Sw Kw-Kmþ{_-l-a-]p-{Xm, \-Zo-X-S-§Ä,
ta-\mw-XSw, sF-cm-h-Xn-X-Sw, sa-¡m-§v,
bm-Mv-ko X-Sw, slm-bmMvtlm X-Sw F-¶o
F-«p \-Zo X-S-§Ä tNÀ-¶ `q-hn-`m-K-amWnXv.
P-¸m³, ^n-en-ss¸³kv, C³-tUm-t\jy, Ip-ssdÂ
Zzo-]pIÄ, t^mÀ-tam-k Xp-S-Mv-ln-b-hmbm-Wv {][m-\ Zzo-] k-aq-l§Ä.
tem-I-s¯ G-ähpw D-b-cw-IqSnb sIm-Sp-apSnbm-b F-h-d-kv-äv Øn-Xn-sN-¿p¶p.
{Ko-¡v I-Y-bn-se t^m-Wn-Iv-kv cm-P-Ipamc-sâ a-I-fp-sS t]-cm-b "bq-tdm-]" F-¶
\m-a-¯n \n-¶m-Wv bq-tdm-¸v F-¶ t]cv e-`n-¨Xv.
 aq-¶p-h-i-§-fpw k-ap-{Z-¯n Np-d-s¸«n-cn-¡p-¶p. k-ap-{Z-\n-c-¸n \n-¶v icm-i-cn 200 ao-äÀ D-b-c-¯n Øn-XnsN-¿p¶p.
 bq-tdm-¸n-s\ ]-Sn-ªm-d³ bq-tdm-]y³,
h³I-c, sa-Un-ä-td-\nb³, ssS-K, Xp-µv F¶o A-©v Im-em-h-Ø hn-`m-K-§-fm-bn
X-cw-Xn-cn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p.
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hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bn tem-I-`q-J-Þ-§-fnÂ
cmw Øm-\w B-{^n-¡-bv-¡mWv.
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a-U-Km-kv-IÀ Zzo-]v DÄ-s¸-sS 53
þHm-fw cm-Py-§Ä tNÀ-¶v G-ähpw
Iq-Sp-XÂ cm-Py-§-fp-Å `qJÞw
C-cp- `qJ-Þw F-¶ t]-cn A-dn-b-s¸Sp¶p.
[m-cm-fw hr-£-§-fpw hn-hn-[-bn\w h-\y-ar-K-§fpw Im-W-s¸-Sp¶
sImSpw h-\-§Ä Im-W-s¸-Sp¶p.
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Øn-cam-b P-\-hm-kw CÃm-¯ G-I `q-J-ÞamWv. sh-fp-¯ `q-J-Þ-sa-¶ t]-cn A-dnb-s¸-Sp-¶ AâmÀ-«n¡.
 ]qÀ-Æ AâmÀ-«n-I, ]Ýn-a AâmÀ«n-I F¶n§-s\ c-m-bn hn-`-Pn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p.
 ln-am-hr-X-sa-¦n-epw AâmÀ-«n-¡-bnse kv-tImjym Zzo-]-k-aq-l-¯n kPo-h Aán-]À-Æ-X-§Ä Im-W-s¸-Sp¶p.
 AâmÀ-«n-¡-bnepw ]-cn-k-c Zzo-]p-Ifnepw k-ar-²-am-bp-Å ]-£n-bn-\-§Ä
s]³-Kzn³, s]{SÂ, kv-Iyq-h F-¶n-hbmWv.
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s]m-Xp-sh \n-c-¶ `q-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-Å
H-cp-h³-I-c-bm-Wv B-kv-t{Xen-b
]-Sn-ªm-d³ ]oT-`qan, a-[y-\n-av-\XSw In-g-¡³ a-e-\n-c-IÄ F-¶o aq-¶v
{][m-\ `q-{]-Ir-Xn hn-`m-K-§-fm-bn
X-cw-Xn-cn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p.
]-hn-g-¸p-äp-I-Ä sIm-v \nÀ-½nXam-b tK-äv _m-cn-b³ do-^v B-kv{X-en-b-bp-sS h-S-¡p-Ing-¡p `m-K¯m-bn Øn-Xn-sN-¿p¶p.
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hn-kv-Xr-Xn-bp-sS Im-cy-¯n h³-Ic-I-fn \memw Øm-\-am-Wv sX-t¡
A-ta-cn-¡-bv-¡p-ÅXv.
sa-Iv-kn-t¡m, av-²y-A-ta-cn-¡³ cmPy-§Ä sX-t¡ A-ta-cn-¡ F¶n-h H-¶msI em-än³ A-ta-cn-¡ F-¶ A-dn-b-s¸Sp¶p.
tem-I-¯n h-¨v G-ähpw Iq-Sp-X Pew DÄ-s¡m-Åp-¶ \-Zn-bm-Wv sX-t¡
A-ta-cn-¡-bn-se B-a-tkm¬.
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h³-I-c-I-fn aq¶mw Øm-\-am-Wv
hS-t¡ A-ta-cn-¡-bv-¡pÅXv
h-S-t¡-A-ta-cn¡-sb I-t\-Un-b³ joÂ-Uv
In-g-¡³ D-¶-X-S-§Ä, a-²y-k-a-Xew, ]Sn-ªm-d³ ]À-Æ-X-\n-c-IÄ F-¶n§-s\
`q-{]-Ir-Xn-sb Xn-cn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p.
k-ap-{Z-km-ao]yw ]À-Æ-X-\n-c-IÂ,
k-ap-{Z-P-e {]-hm-l-§Ä F-¶n-h-bmWv hS-t¡ A-ta-cn-¡-bp-sS Im-em-hsØ-sb kzm-[o-\n-¡p-¶ L-S-I-§Ä.