21st of May 2015
Company Car or Mobility Budget?
Toon Zijlstra
Dept. Transport and Regional Economics
University of Antwerp
Outline of this presentation
The mobility budget
Method and data
Results
Discussion and conclusions
The mobility budget
Method and data
Results
Discussion and conclusions
Tax benefit
Untaxed benefit in Belgium 278 euro/month
Harding (2014)
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Annual kilometres
Private car (all)
18000
Private car (workers only)
Company car (workers only)
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25000
34000
+ 20%
Higher levels of car ownership
Short lifespan
4 years
Parking problems
Congestion
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The mobility budget
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Other benefits
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Research questions
Are people willing to select a cheaper car?
Are people willing to loose their company car?
Do people appreciate the opportunities of multimodal and
intermodal travel?
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The mobility budget
Method and data
Results
Discussion and conclusions
Research project considerations
Revealed preference data not available
Limited number of real-life examples
Fragmented data, unique situations
“Good news” shows
New law needed in Belgium for large scale
experiments or implementation of MB
 Stated preference survey
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Discrete choice experiment
Fixed budget per choice situation
Annual choice
Expensive Mobility options
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Experiment design
2 budget ranges:
€6 000 - €9 000 per year
€9 000 - €11 000 per year
16 choice situations
2 options
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Data gathering
Online questionnaire
12 large companies in Belgium
2200 respondents
817 target group: company car drivers with full
operational lease and no personal contribution
Responds rate 38%
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Both options cost about €9000 for one year
Company car, cat. 3;
No bicycle;
No PT;
No extra leave;
No extra wage
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Company car, cat. 2
Standard bicycle
No PT
2 extra leave days
No extra wage
The mobility budget
Method and data
Results
Discussion and conclusions
Ternary plots
Income
Public transport
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Others
Ternary plots
Income
Elements
Public transport
Others
Here: bicycle, company car
and leave days
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Ternary plots
Income
100% of the budget for
extra income
100% of the
budget for other
elements
Public transport
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Others
Ternary plots
Income
More PT,
Less income
More income,
Less ‘others’
Others
Public transport
More ‘others’,
Less PT
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Ternary plots
Black: Relative high utility
Income
Out of bounds
Public transport
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Others
Yellow:
Relative low utility
The mobility budget
Method and data
Results
Discussion and conclusions
Two classes
Class I:
2/3 of the respondents
Class II:
1/3 of the respondents
Bonus
Company car
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Bonus
Others
Company car
Others
Other mobility options
Public Transport
Bicycle
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Public Transport
Others
Bicycle
Others
Limited popularity of Public Transport
Public Transport
Company car
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Public Transport
Others
Company car
Others
Bonus – Bicycle - Others
Bonus
Bicycle
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Bonus
Others
Bicycle
Others
Order of interest
Class I
Company Car
Leave days
Bonus
Bicycle
PT
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Class II
Bonus
Leave days
Bicycle
Company car
PT
General Probabilities
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Yes
No
Company car
64%
36%
Bicycle
35%
65%
PT
11%
89%
Leave days
82%
18%
Bonus
38%
62%
Multimodal probabilities
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€ 7 500
€ 9 000
€ 10 500
CC + Bicycle
4.9%
6.1%
6.0%
CC + PT
0.0%
0.5%
0.7%
Bicycle + PT
0.0%
0.3%
0.0%
CC + Bicycle + PT
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
The mobility budget
Method and data
Results
Discussion and conclusions
Conclusions: Research questions
Are people willing to loose their company car?
Yes, if the conditions are right
Are people willing to select a cheaper car to save money for
other goals?
Not really
Do people appreciate the opportunities of multimodal and
intermodal travel?
Hardly
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Questions?
Toon Zijlstra
University of Antwerp, Belgium
[email protected] // +323 265 44 74
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