Developing a Special Education
Program and Infrastructure: A
Three-Tiered Approach
Hank Bohanon
[email protected]
http: //www.hankbohanon.net
Create a Consistent
and Explicit
Environment
Purpose
• Increase knowledge of tiers of support for
the success of students with disabilities
–
–
–
–
–
Legal issues
Rationale
Systems, practices, data
Examples
Resources
What has been included in IDEA?
•
•
•
•
Consider if impedes
Schoolwide
General education
Incidental benefit
• Service not a place
• Schoolimprovement
• FBA/BIP
Importance of Tiers
• Twice as many
intensive
interventions
•
Eber, L., Phillips, D., Upreti, G., Hyde, K., Lewandowski,
H., & Rose, J. (2009)
• Increase selfdetermination
instruction
•
Carter, E., Lane, K., Pierson, M., & Stang, K. (2008)
• Students benefit
from depth in
defense
•
Bohanon, H. & Wu, M. (in press)
Supporting Social Competence &
Academic Achievement
4 PBS
Elements
OUTCOMES
Supporting
Decision
Making
Supporting
Staff Behavior
PRACTICES
OSEP Center on PBIS
Supporting
Student Behavior
Tier I - Schoolwide/Universal
•Behavioral
Curriculum
•Academic
Curriculum
•Social and
Emotional
Learning
•Climate Supports
Mental Health
School 2
Tier II - Secondary/Group
• Focus on groups
– Who is not
responding?
• Interventions match
needs
• Monitor Progress
Certified Hall Walkers
Tier III Individual/
Tertiary
• Intensive supports
• Based on function
• Quality of life
• Self-determination
Month
May-08
Mar-08
Jan-08
Nov-07
Sep-07
Jul-07
0.8
May-07
1
Mar-07
Jan-07
Nov-06
Sep-06
Jul-06
May-06
Mar-06
Jan-06
Nov-05
Sep-05
ODR's/Per Day/Per Month/100 students/Average Dailiy
Enrollment
Change Point Analysis: 2005-2008
1.2
Possibly the
booster for
ODR's
students and PD
for staff in
Jan/Feb 2007
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Resources
• Data System for Academics
– http://www.aimsweb.com/
• Data System for Behavior/Discipline
– http://www.swis.org
• Free Online Training
– http://www.onlineacademy.org/
• Interventions
– http://www.interventioncentral.org/
Resources
• RtI Action Network
– http://www.rtinetwork.org/
• Universal Design of Learning
– http://www.cast.org/
• PBIS and the Law
– http://www.pbis.org/school/pbis_and_the_law/d
efault.aspx
• New Hampshire Institute on Disability
– http://www.iod.unh.edu/Home.aspx
Resources
Bohanon, H. & Wu, M. (in press). Can prevention programs work together? An
Example of school-based mental health with prevention initiatives.
School-Based Mental Health Practice.
Carter, E., Lane, K., Pierson, M., & Stang, K. (2008). Promoting self-determination
for transition-age youth: Views of high school general and special
educators. Exceptional Children, 75(1), 55-70. doi: 1548558211
Eber, L., Phillips, D., Upreti, G., Hyde, K., Lewandowski, H., & Rose, J. (2009).
Illinois positive behavioral interventions & supports (PBIS) network 200809 progress report (pp. 245). La Grange Park, IL.
Turnbull, A., Edmonson, H., Griggs, P., Wickham, D., Sailor, W., Beech, S., Freeman,
R., Guess, D., Lassen, S., McCart, A., Park, J., D., Turnbull, R., & Warren, J.
(2002). A Blueprint for schoolwide positive behavior support: Full
implementation of three components, Exceptional Children, 68 (3), pgs.
337-402. http://www.cec.sped.org