COALITION 2000
CORRUPTION MONITORING SYSTEM
METHODOLOGY & BASIC SURVEY RESULTS
Martin Dimov
Vitosha Research
[email protected]
Main objectives

Evaluate the level of corruption in different areas of public
life for given period.

Account the number of corruption transactions

Map the specific characteristics of public perceptions

Periodically present information

Suggest conclusions about the scope of corruption in the
country.
Characteristics

Open process

Public-private ideologue

Transparency

Identity and public standing
Methodology
The Corruption Monitoring System is based on
regularly conducted empirical studies.

quantitative surveys;

qualitative surveys;

media monitoring.
Results
The major output of the Corruption Monitoring System
are the Corruption Indexes of Coalition 2000

Corruption indexes are a system of synthetic indicators

They present the results from CMS surveys and the media
monitoring in a summarized form.

They evaluate/measure the level of proliferation of corrupt
practices in society.

The Corruption Indexes of Coalition 2000 are published
four times a year.
Presentation of the results
The full analysis of the findings produced from the CMS is
presented in the Corruption Assessment Report (CAR).

The CAR is prepared on a yearly basis and presented at
the Public Policy Forum.

The empirical information from the CMS surveys is
available on demand.

The main results of the corruption monitoring are available
at the web site of Coalition 2000:
http://www.anticorruption.bg/
Corruption Indexes of Coalition 2000
Methodology of Corruption Indexes

Corruption indexes assume values from 0-10.

The closer the value of the index is to 10, the more
negative are the assessments of the evaluated aspect
of the corruption in the country.

Index numbers close to 0 indicate approximation to the
ideal of a “corruption-free” society.
Main categories of Corruption Indexes

Attitudes towards corruption;

Corrupt practices;

Assessment of the spread of corruption;

Corruption-related expectations.
Survey results
Regional Corruption Monitoring
The Southeast European Legal
Development Initiative
(SELDI) - 2002
Methodology
 International Development Law Institute (IDLI) and
Center for the Study of Democracy (CSD)
 The Southeast European Legal Development Initiative
(SELDI)
 Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Macedonia, Romania, and Yugoslavia
 Fieldwork: January 2002 – February 2002
Acceptability in Principle
This index reflects the level of value
acceptability of the different corruption
practices.
Susceptibility to Corruption
This index measures the tendency of citizens
to make compromises with their value system
under pressure of circumstances.
Attitudes towards Corruption
5
4.5
3.7
4
2.9
3
2
2.4
Susceptibility to Corruption
3.0
2.5
2.6
2.4
2.0
Acceptability in Principle
2.2
1.9
1.4
2.7
2.0
2.6
1.5
1
0
Albania
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Macedonia
Romania
Croatia
Serbia
Montenegro
Corruption Pressure
This index measures the spread of thе attempts
of employees in the public sector to directly or
indirectly put pressure on citizens for receiving
money, gifts or services.
Involvement in Corrupt Practices
This index reflects the level of the
personal participation of respondents
in different forms of corrupt behavior, i.e. it
reflects the real number of corrupt actions in
the last three months.
Corrupt Practices
6
5
4
Corruption Pressure
Involvement in Corrupt Practices
3.4
3
2
2.5
2.3
1.4
2.0
1.5
1
1.9
1.6
0.7
1.1
0
Albania
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Macedonia
Romania
2.2
1.8
1.4
1.4
0.6
Croatia
Serbia
1.0
Montenegro
Spread of Corruption
This index registers citizens’ assessments of
the degree of spread of corrupt actions
among employees in the public sphere.
Practical effectiveness of corruption
This index shows the assessments of citizens
of the degree to which corruption is becoming
an effective means of solving personal
problems.
Assessment of the spread of corruption
10
Spread of Corruption
Practical effectiveness of corruption
8
7.0
6
6.0
6.4
6.5
6.9
6.6
5.9
6.8
7.1
6.4
6.1
5.8
6.0
6.7
6.0
5.3
4
Albania
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Macedonia
Romania
Croatia
Serbia
Montenegro
Spread of Corruption among Public
Officials
2002
Albania
Bosnia
and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Macedoni
a
Romania
Croatia
Serbia
Montenegro
Customs
officers
89.8
62.2
74.15
83.1
54.9
51.5
77.8
63.4
Lawyers
58.9
46.5
55.53
44.7
49.5
44.6
60.6
33.4
Public
prosecutors
64.3
41.2
55.35
50.2
41.3
36.6
48.9
37.8
Tax officials
80.1
59.7
51.26
75.0
32.5
48.0
54.6
47.2
Members of
parliament
60.4
46.6
47.78
77.0
54.5
41.4
43.9
39.3
Police officers
65.6
59.2
47.00
53.9
55.3
47.5
66.7
51.0
Doctors
61.2
58.3
45.78
47.8
52.4
47.6
70.2
57.1
Ministers
76.5
54.4
45.34
77.5
45.1
40.5
46.1
52.3
Political party
and coalition
leaders
44.3
60.6
42.99
64.4
45.8
43.5
60.0
51.1
Municipal
officials
64.4
56.4
39.34
39.1
45.6
48.0
50.3
45.2
Local political
leaders
42.6
62.6
34.38
57.7
40.0
48.0
58.3
46.84
Corruption Expectations
This index reflects the assessment of the
possibilities (potential) of the society to cope
with corruption.
Corruption Expectations
10
8
6.1
6.2
5.1
6
4
5.5
5.0
5.1
4.8
4.5
2
0
Albania
Bosnia and
Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Macedonia
Romania
Croatia
Serbia
Montenegro
Media Coverage of Corruption and Perceived Relative
Importance of Corruption;
1200
50
45,6 47,0
45
1000
36,5
800
40
39,3
32,7 34,1
36,8
32,2
35
31,9
31,0
600
30
25
20
400
15
10
200
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0
Monthly Number of Articles on Corruption in the Press (Number)
Relative Public Importance of Corruption as a Social Problem (%)
Bulgaria 2000-2004
Basic tendencies of corruption in Bulgaria







Corruptions acts are changing – always one
step forward
Corruption itself is evolving
Business is more vulnerable to corruption?
Corruption perceptions are becoming standard
Corruption as “political” tool for the upcoming
elections
Role of the Government institutions
Basic measures for fighting corruption