Chapter 1 and 2 final review
Name: ___________________________Period: ___________
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____
1. A professor records the values of several variables for each student in her class. These include the variables
listed below. Which of these variables is categorical?
a. Score on the final exam (out of 200 points).
b. Final grade for the course (A, B, C, D, or F).
c. The total number of points earned in the class (i.e., the total of the points on all exams and
quizzes in the course; the maximum number of points possible is 500).
d. The number of lectures the student missed.
e. Amount of time, in minutes, spent studying for the final exam.
____
2. A survey typically records many variables of interest to the researchers involved. Below are some of the
variables from a survey conducted by the U.S. Postal Service. Which of the variables is categorical?
a. County of residence
b. Number of people, both adults and children, living in the household
c. Total household income, before taxes, in 1993
d. Age of respondent
e. Number of rooms in the dwelling
____
3. You measure the age (years), weight (pounds), and marital status (single, married, divorced, or widowed) of
1400 women. How many variables did you measure?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 1400
e. 1403
____
4. A statistics teacher asks the 29 students in his statistics class how many minutes they spent on one homework
assignment. The distribution of the variable “time on homework” is
a. the difference between the longest time and the shortest time among the students’
responses.
b. a description of what values the variable takes and how often it takes them.
c. the average distance between each value of the variable.
d. the average time the students spent on the assignment.
e. the number of students who were asked the questions—that is, 29.
Scenario 1-1
A review of voter registration records in a small town yielded the following table of the number of males and
females registered as Democrat, Republican, or some other affiliation.
Male
Female
Democrat
300
600
Republican
500
300
Other
200
100
____
5. Use Scenario 1-1. Your percentage of the proportion of males that are registered as Democrats is part of
a. The marginal distribution of political party registration.
b. The marginal distribution of gender.
c. The conditional distribution of gender among Democrats.
d. The conditional distribution of political party registration among males.
e. The conditional distribution of males within gender.
____
6. Use Scenario 1-1. Your percentage of the proportion of registered Democrats that are male is part of
a. The marginal distribution of political party registration.
b. The marginal distribution of gender.
c. The conditional distribution of gender among Democrats.
d. The conditional distribution of political party registration among males.
e. The conditional distribution of males within gender.
____
7. The median age of five elephants at a certain zoo is 30 years. One of the elephants, whose age is 50 years, is
transferred to a different zoo. The median age of the remaining four elephants is
a. 40 years.
b. 30 years.
c. 25 years.
d. less than 30 years.
e. Cannot be determined from the information given.
____
8. A consumer group surveyed the prices for a certain item in five different stores, and reported the average
price as $15. We visited four of the five stores, and found the prices to be $10, $15, $15, and $25. Assuming
that the consumer group is correct, what is the price of the item at the store that we did not visit?
a. $5
b. $10
c. $15
d. $20
e. $25
____
9. The bar graph below summarizes responses of dog owners to the question, “Where in the car do you let your
dog ride?”
Which of the following statements is true?
a. Each owner gave only one answer to the question.
b. A majority of owners do not allow their pets to ride in the front passenger seat.
c. Roughly twice as many pets are allowed to sit in the front passenger seat as in the
passenger’s lap.
d. The vertical scale of this graph exaggerates the difference between the percentage who let
their dogs ride in the driver’s lap versus a passenger’s lap.
e. These data could also be presented in a pie chart.
____ 10. The 35th percentile of a population is the number x such that
a. 35% of the population scores are above x.
b. 65% of the population scores are above x.
c. 35% of the population scores equal x.
d. x is 35% of the population median.
e. x is 35% of the population mean.
____ 11. IQs among undergraduates at Mountain Tech are approximately Normally distributed. The mean
undergraduate IQ is 110. About 95% of undergraduates have IQs between 100 and 120. The standard
deviation of these IQs is about
a. 5.
b. 10.
c. 15.
d. 20.
e. 25.
Scenario 1-3
Below is a histogram of the heights of gold-medal-winning high jumps in the Olympic Games since 1896.
____ 12. Use Scenario 1-3. Which of the following statements is supported by this histogram?
a. The median jump is between 75 and 80 inches.
b. The median jump is between 80 and 85 inches.
c. The smallest jump must be below 65 inches.
d. The winning jump in the 1976 Olympic Games was 40 inches.
e. The mean jump was equal to the median jump.
____ 13. Use Scenario 1-3. Which of the following values is closest to the mean jump?
a. 70 inches.
b. 74 inches.
c. 75 inches.
d. 81 inches.
e. 86 inches.
____ 14. Use Scenario 1-3. Based on this histogram, the percentage of the winning jumps that were at least 80 inches is
about
a. 10%.
b. 35%.
c. 45%.
d. 55%.
e. 90%.
____ 15. The time to complete a standardized exam is approximately Normal with a mean of 70 minutes and a standard
deviation of 10 minutes. How much time should be given to complete the exam so that 80% of the students
will complete the exam in the time given?
a. 61.6 minutes
b. 78.4 minutes
c. 79.8 minutes
d. 84 minutes
e. 92.8 minutes
Scenario 1-5
Mr. Williams asked the 26 seniors in his statistics class how many A.P. courses they had taken during high
school. Below is a dot plot summarizing the results of his survey.
____ 16. Use Scenario 1-5. The interquartile range for the number of A.P. Courses is
a. 3 to 4
b. 2.5 to 5
c. 3 to 5
d. 2
e. 2.5
Scenario 1-6
A sample was taken of the salaries of 20 employees of a large company. The following boxplot shows the
salaries (in thousands of dollars) for this year.
____ 17. Use Scenario 1-6. Based on the boxplot, which of the following statements is true?
a. The maximum salary is between $60,000 and $70,000.
b. The minimum salary is $20,000.
c. The range of the middle half of the salaries is about $20,000.
d. The median salary is about $40,000.
e. 25% of the employees make more than $70,000.
____ 18. Use Scenario 1-6. Based on the boxplot, the five-number summary is
a. 28, 39, 48, 60.5, 77.
b. 28, 41, 48, 58, 77.
c. 28, 39, 51, 58, 77.
d. 28, 41, 51, 60.5, 77.
e. 26, 39, 48, 60.5, 81.
Scenario 1-7
The following is a boxplot of the birth weights (in ounces) of a sample of 160 infants born in a
local hospital.
____ 19. Use Scenario 1-7. The median birth weight is approximately
a. 80.5 ounces.
b. 90 ounces.
c. 100 ounces.
d. 110 ounces.
e. 120 ounces.
____ 20. Use Scenario 1-7. About 40 of the birth weights were below
a. 92 ounces.
b. 102 ounces.
c. 112 ounces.
d. 122 ounces.
e. 132 ounces.
____ 21. Use Scenario 1-7. The number of children with birth weights between 102 and 122 ounces is approximately:
a. 20.
b. 40.
c. 50.
d. 80.
e. 100.
____ 22. Entomologist Heinz Kaefer has a colony of bongo spiders in his lab. There are 1000 adult spiders in the
colony, and their weights are Normally distributed with mean 11 grams and standard deviation 2 grams.
About how many spiders are there in the colony which weigh more than 12 grams?
a. 117
b. 160
c. 310
d. 690
e. 840
____ 23. For the density curve below, which of the following is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The median is 0.5.
The median is larger than 0.5.
The density curve is skewed right.
The density curve is Normal.
The density curve is symmetric.
____ 24. For the distribution whose density curve is shown below, defined on the interval 0 ?4= x ?4= 2, which of the
following statements is true?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The mean is 1
The median is 1
The mean is less than the median
The maximum height of the density curve is 2.
The area under the curve is greater than ½ but less than 1.
____ 25. The distribution of household incomes in a small town is strongly skewed to the right. The mean income is
$42,000 and the standard deviation is $24,000. The Ames family’s household income is $60,000. The zscore for the Ames family’s income is
a. –0.75
b. 0.3
c. 0.75
d. 0.86
e. None of these, because z-score cannot be used unless the distribution is Normal.
____ 26. Use Figure 2-1. For this density curve, what percent of the observations lie between 0.2 and 3.8?
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 28%
d. 68%
e. 72%
____ 27. Ramon is planning on buying a new car. He’s looking at the Ford Escape—a sport-utility vehicle—which
gets 28 highway miles per gallon, and the Ford Fusion—a mid-sized sedan—which gets 31 highway miles per
gallon. The mean fuel efficiency for all sport utility vehicles is 23, with a standard deviation of 7.6. The
mean of all mid-sized sedans is 27, with a standard deviation of 5.2. Which vehicle has a better standing,
relative to others of the same style?
a. The Ford Fusion sedan has a better relative standing, because it’s z-score is higher
b. The Ford Fusion sedan has a better relative standing., because it’s z-score is closer to 0.
c. The Ford Escape SUV has a better relative standing, because it’s z-score is higher
d. The Ford Escape SUV has a better relative standing, because it’s z-score is closer to 0.
e. We can’t make any comparisons unless we know that the distribution of fuel efficiency for
vehicle types is Normally distributed.
Scenario 2-1
A sample was taken of the salaries of 20 employees of a large company. The following are the salaries (in
thousands of dollars) for this year. For convenience, the data are ordered.
28
49
31
51
34
52
35
52
37
60
41
61
42
67
42
72
42
75
47
77
Suppose each employee in the company receives a $3,000 raise for next year (each employee's salary is
increased by $3,000).
____ 28. Use Scenario 2-1. The median salary for the employees working for the company will
a. be unchanged.
b. increase by $3,000.
c. be multiplied by $3,000.
d. increase by
.
e. increase by $150.
____ 29. Use Scenario 2-1. Use Scenario 2-1. The standard deviation of the salaries for the employees will
a. be unchanged.
b. increase by $3,000.
c. be multiplied by $3,000.
d. increase by
.
e. decrease by $3,000.
____ 30. The Normal curve below describes the death rates from heart disease per 100,000 people in developed
countries in the 1990’s.
The mean and standard deviation of this distribution are approximately
a. Mean  100; Standard Deviation  65
b. Mean  100; Standard Deviation  100
c. Mean  190; Standard Deviation  65
d. Mean  190; Standard Deviation  100
e. Mean  200; Standard Deviation  130
____ 31. Using the standard Normal distribution tables, the area under the standard Normal curve corresponding to Z >
–1.22 is
a. 0.1112.
b. 0.1151.
c. 0.4129.
d. 0.8849.
e. 0.8888.
____ 32. Using the standard Normal distribution tables, the area under the standard Normal curve corresponding to –
0.5 < Z < 1.2 is
a. 0.2815.
b. 0.3085.
c. 0.3661.
d. 0.5764.
e. 0.8849.
Chapter 1 and 2 final review
Answer Section
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Categorical vs Quantitative variables
Categorical vs Quantitative variables
Individuals and variables
Definition of distribution
Conditional distribution--identification
Conditional distribution--identification
Behavior of median
Calculating the mean
Bar graph (including distortion)
Percentiles
68-95-99.7 rule
Interpret histogram
Interpret histogram
Interpret histogram
Inverse Normal Calculations
IQR from dot plot
Interpret boxplot
Interpret boxplot
Interpret boxplot
Interpret boxplot
Interpret boxplot
Normal Calculations
Density curve features
Density curve features
z-score calculation
Density curve calculation
compare relative standing
Impact of transformation on numerical summaries
Impact of transformation on numerical summaries
Mean and standard deviation of Normal from graph
Standard Normal Calculations
Standard Normal Calculations