Social Creativity
Dr Rob Saunders
[email protected]
What is Creativity?
How do we decide what is creative?
What is the difference between creative and innovative?
Who can decide what is creative?
Can the creator decide that what they do is creative?
How do we decide if a computer is creative?
What would the test be for computational creativity?
Creativity
Creativity is the ability to produce work that
is both novel and appropriate.
(Sternberg and Lubart, 1999)
What does it mean for something to be novel?
What does it mean for something to be appropriate?
Who can decide what “novel and appropriate mean?
Boden’s Creativity
Margaret Boden proposed that creativity can
be broken down into two concepts:
Psychological Creativity (P-Creativity)
P-Creativity is when a person creates something that
they’ve never created before.
Historical Creativity (H-Creativity)
H-Creativity is when a person creates something that
no-one has ever created before.
Gardner’s Creativity
Howard Gardner proposed a similar way to
break down creativity into two types:
Small-c creativity
Small-C creativity is the type of everyday creativity that
we all have to do to solve problems or produce work.
Big-C Creativity
Big-C Creativity is the type of creativity that changes
society through the impact of some work on others.
Creative Systems
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi argues that
creativity cannot be defined in isolation to
society and culture
Society and culture play an essential role in the
production and evaluation of creative works
Creative processes are in the interactions
between individual, society and culture
The society and culture associated with a creative
practice are called the field and domain
DIFI Model of Creativity
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Computational
Creativity
How does a better understanding of social
creativity help us develop creative systems?
Can we develop computer models of social creativity?
What could models tell us about human creativity?
Can we develop creative tools using artificial societies?
What advantages do artificial creative societies have?
Can we combine human and artificial creative societies?
Can humans and computers collaborate socially?
Modelling Social
Creativity
A computational model of social creativity
needs to capture how individuals interact.
The simplest computational model of individual creativity
is the generate-and-test model
Liu extended this simple model to social creativity with
the dual generate-and-test model
Individual
Generate-and-Test
Socio-Cultural
Generate-and-Test
Dual Generate-and-Test
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Artificial Creativity
Rules for creating artificial creativity:
The model contains a society of agents situated in a
cultural environment
There is no agent that can direct the behaviour of all of
the other agents
There are no rules in the agents or the environment that
dictate global behaviour
Agents interact with other agents to exchange artefacts
and evaluations
Agents interact with the environment to access cultural
symbols
Agents evaluate the creativity of artefacts and other
agents
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Artificial Creative
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Digital Clockwork Muse
The Law of
Novelty
Clique
Formation
Inter-Clique
Communication
w well an artefact ‘performs’ rotation or reflection”.
e 2 shows a sample artefact based on a two-dimen
tation, and a number of structure features perceived by agents.
table is inserted in the text after the first reference to it. Tab
d and table captions (in 10 pt Times New Roman are placed
, centred, and have the following style:
Modelling Socially
Creative Design
Two-dimensional representation of design artefacts and perceived f
Sosa, R. and Gero, J. S. (2005) Social models of creativity: Integrating the DIFI and FBS frameworks to study
creative design, Computational and Cognitive Models of Creative Design VI, pages 19–44.
e 3 shows a sample set of behaviours represented by geo
adopters that play the promoter role. Therefore interpretations that serve to
evaluate artefacts for entry remain constant over time. In contrast, in
societies with lower T and therefore where influence is distributed rather
than concentrated there is a higher change rate of gatekeepers. Consequently,
more diverse evaluations of artefacts mean more artefacts are submitted to
the repository. As an effect, designers in general tend to receive more
recognition for their work.
Modelling Socially
Creative Design
Gate-keeping Effects
Repository size Y
200
100
0
1.0
Tie strength T
0.0
Socially Creative
Design Tools
How can we use artificial creative societies
to support human creativity?
How can artificial creative societies be used to create
works automatically?
How can artificial creative societies be used to create
works with humans?
The Intelligent Logo
Project for Tribal DDB