A ROADMAP TOWARDS DEVELOPING
A NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLAN (NAP)
FOR BANGLADESH : OUTCOME FROM
A CONSULTATION MEETING
CONTEXT OF NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLAN
NAPA (Developed in 2005, revised in 2009)
UNFCCC process-led, for LDCs
To highlight a few immediate & urgent projects
BCCSAP
GOB led
Introduced programme ideas, no details
Not yet linked with development planning
Yet to be owned by various relevant institutions
NAP… to be developed
UNFCCC led (COP decision), for all Parties
Medium and long term, comprehensive Plan
About a NAP Roadmap in Bangladesh
Limited Understanding how to develop it
A generic ‘Guidebook’ has provided useful
directions though it lacks country-specificity
To lay out critical aspects
What needs to be done (including contextual
analysis)
How to go about it?
Methodological challenges
Who will be engaged in NAP process, the
Roadmap will provide an instant guideline
Basic Elements of Bangladesh NAP
•Envisioning the Unseen: What Scenarios?
•Bangladesh’s Specific Vulnerability? (thematic and
territory wise)
•How to visualize Adaptation Needs in Vulnerable
Sectors and locations?
•Integration of the NAP with National Development
mechanism.
•Who will implement the Plan? The Institutional Setting
•Monitoring and Evaluation
•How to Finance the NAP?
•How to integrate gender sensitivity (women &
children) in adaptation?
SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT : Climate
 Hind-cast (what had happened in the past?);
 Future projections : Climate model based
projections: Time-frame for analysis? (has to be
time-specific). Success in Mitigation at global level.
Projections of other aspects: which may be
highly sensitive to change in climate & climateinduced hydro-bio-geophysical parameters:
population, economic & development scenarios,
employment, migration, resource utilization
including land; etc.
SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT
Climate model based projections: Time-frame for analysis?
Eastern Himalayan Regional context to be considered (Water &
Agriculture)
NAP Roadmap Team’s suggestion:
3 timelines in addition to current (say, 2015) timeframe:
•2030 and2050 (for planning perspectives) and
•2100 (for infrastructural risk perspective)
If possible, use 5 year incremental steps
PRECIS and other IPCC SRES approved climate models (if validated
for Bangladesh)
Need guidance and support from global level on scenario
development and use of suitable model;
Bangladesh-Specific Vulnerability
Once vulnerability is better understood, devising
adaptation plan becomes easier
Sector- and community-specific vulnerability: as
detailed as possible
AEZ-specific? Physiographic-specific? Hazard-specific?
River-basin specific?
Regional aspects specially with respect to Water
management.
What are the priority sectors and locations?
Storm surge in Coastal belt of the country? Salinity
intrusion and Sea level rise? Urban drainage
congestion?
Bangladesh-Specific Vulnerability
Once vulnerability is better understood, devising
adaptation plan becomes easier
Sector-specific vulnerability: as details as possible
What are the priority sectors?
Any cross-cutting issue?
Water Resources Sector
Agriculture Sector (including sub-sectors)
Communication sector
Physical Infrastructure
Food and Health Security
Livelihoods
Disaster Management
Habitation and Urbanization
Special attention: Gender Sensitivity
Understanding Adaptation Needs in
Vulnerable Sectors
Adaptations must be made responsive to future
conditions
Gender sensitive adaptation
Needs for both preventive (or transformative) and
reactive adaptations will be considered; consider
probability of mal-adaptation.
Adaptation should follow specific vulnerability of each
(prioritized) sector and territory.
INTEGRATION OF NAP WITH NATIONAL
DEVELOPMENT PROCESS
How key national documents have updated for
adaptation?
Reflections on recent adaptation strides
Community based Adaptation
Adaptation Needs in different time scales & various
scenarios : Current, 2030, 2050, 2100
Optimistic (2oC), Business as usual(4oC), and, Pessimistic
(6oC) scenarios,
NAP and NAMA?? Relationship between Adaptation and
Mitigation ( Coastal afforestation)
INTEGRATION OF NAP WITH NATIONAL DEV
(contd.)
Integration of NAP with investments through ADP
(across sectors)
Integration of adaptation actions at different tiers:
Central, meso-level, household/community level, Intersectoral perspective
Managing vulnerability and adaptation related
information
Knowledge management through continued monitoring,
analyses, etc.
Periodic updates on residual vulnerability and Loss &
Damage (L&D)
INSTITUTIONAL MAPPING FOR
INTEGRATION OF NAP
How to
operationalize
NAP?
Institutional Mapping must provide answers
•Who does what?
•Which national organization monitors and evaluates
(periodically)? Result-based monitoring
•How inter-agency coordination is ensured?
•What is the state of capacity of implementing bodies in
different tiers?
•What are the technological needs towards implementing
elements of NAP?
•Avoiding mal-adaptation by sector: Who oversees?
•What is the updating and feedback mechanism?
FINANCING ADAPTATION IN A PLANNED
MANNER
How big is the financial requirement?
Will there be prioritization in financial mobilization?
What needs to be done?
FINANCING ADAPTATION IN A PLANNED
MANNER
How big is the financial requirement?
Will there be prioritization in financial mobilization?
What needs to be done?
Estimation of costs of adaptation by key sectors
Prioritization of Specific adaptations
Scheduling of finance for Adaptation
Location specificity of Financing adaptation
Sources of finance (local, international)
Finance mobilization strategy
Management of NAP
How NAP process will be managed?
MOEF-led NAP Team
Inter-ministerial Steering Committee
Technical Advisory Committee
(involving GO, CSO, Academics, ….)
Sector-specific/ issue-specific TAC Sub-committees
(for example, Climate modelling Sub-committee)
Local, Regional, and National Consultations
Draft presentation of NAP
Finalization through ministerial vetting/approval
PROCESSES INVOLVING DEVELOPMENT OF NAP
How to ensure participation of stakeholders at all
levels?
Bottom-up : Local level concerns/realities, inputs in
priority setting (including gender specificity)
Top-down : Key Climate Change Practitioners/
Experts
Inter-sectoral: Sector-specific institutional
responses, needs & priorities
Political level integration: Parliamentary hearing for
priority setting, institutional coordination, financing,
etc.
Media coverage: Involve the mass population
Preamble must highlight theory of change (Specific objectives, targets, etc.)
NAP to lead to LAP
Update BCCSAP ?, add costing and prioritization; institutional setting
Create opportunity for capacity building of planners
Added objective?: To create access to GCF
Add fiduciary standard enhancement
To bring synergy among various types of projects/actors
NAP Team should avoid duplication of project activities/use of scarce resources
Issues concerning marketing need to be highlighted
Thanks for your patience