2017
Illinois Swimming
Referee Training
3/24/2017
Illinois Swimming
Referee
Training Clinic
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Welcome!
Why are we here?
What are we going to do?
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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3/24/2017
Clinic Outline
Some Basics of Refereeing
The Rules of Refereeing
Responsibilities of Referees
Meetings and Assignments
Working With Chief Judges
Safe Sport
Certification Requirements
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Some Basics Of Refereeing
General Officiating Philosophy
Officials maintain the fair and equitable conditions
of competition to promote uniform conditions
ensuring no swimmer has an advantage over another
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Some Basics Of Refereeing
• Success of every meet depends on the official’s
integrity, knowledge, concern and regard for the
competitive interest of the swimmer
• One set of rules applies to all swimmers
• Swimmers get the benefit of the doubt
• We do not judge style
• Demonstrate impartiality and professionalism on
deck
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Some Basics Of Refereeing
• Refereeing, once you learn the basics, is fun
• Learning to be a referee is challenging
– There is more to learn than you can get in a clinic or even in six session on deck
– You should always be learning and seeking out new experiences at different meets
• Refereeing can be more art than science. All meets and most
referees are different. Be patient and ask questions of your
trainers and others.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Some Basics Of Refereeing
Important things referees do:
• Safety of athletes is job one
• Ensure fair competition for all
• Create a positive atmosphere for everyone
• Mentor other officials
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Some Basics Of Refereeing
The
Different
Roles of
Referees
• Deck
– In charge of the
water
• Administrative
– In charge of the table
• Meet
– In charge of the meet
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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The Rules of Refereeing
Rule
102.11 –
The
Referee
.1 Shall have full authority over all officials and shall
assign and instruct them; shall enforce all applicable
rules and shall decide all questions relating to the
actual conduct of the meet…
…can overrule any meet official on a point of rule
interpretation, or on a judgment decision pertaining to
an action with the Referee has personally observed.
.2 Has the authority to disqualify a swimmer(s) for
any violation of the rules that the Referee personally
observes and…shall at the same time raise one hand
overhead.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
The Rules of Refereeing
Rule
102.11 –
The
Referee
.3 Shall signal the Starter before each race that all
officials are in position, that the course is clear, and
that the competition can begin
.7 Shall make an immediate investigation when an
apparent malfunction of the automatic or semiautomatic timing equipment has occurred
.9 May modify any rule for a competitive swimmer
who has a disability
.10 Shall establish the necessary administrative and
officiating procedures to conform to Part One of the
rules…
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Basic Responsibilities:
The
Deck
Referee
Safety of athletes
In charge of the event
In charge of the timeline
In charge of the competition in the
pool
• Partner to the starter
•
•
•
•
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Blowing
the
Whistle
• Loud and with authority
• Short whistles notify swimmers to get ready to swim
– At least four bursts, short and crisp
• Long whistle signals swimmers to get onto blocks (or in
water)
• Extend hand to starter when personnel in place and course
clear
• Keep hand extended until after starting signal, then take
down
• Walk away from start area if at all possible
• Watch the pool!
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
• Referee controls the
pace of the meet
– Consult meet referee for
guidance on whistle
timing
– Considerations:
• How tight is interval?
• How good are timers?
• How good are table
people?
Fly-over
Starts
• Goal: to have next heat ready to
start when heat in water finishes
• Adjust timing using short and
long whistles
• Short whistles sometimes as
early as mid-pool (SC) or 15m
mark (LC)
• Long whistle sometimes as early
as backstroke flags
• Do not rush your starter or the
athletes
• Be consistent
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Backstroke
Starts
• Determine starter’s position
• Extra 15 seconds in time interval
• Look for swimmers in prior heat to start to get out
of pool
• Blow first long whistle as signal to enter the water
• Blow second long whistle to signal swimmers to
take starting position
– Ideally when last head surfaces
– Just like whistle to step up on blocks
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Extending the Arm
• Casual motion
• Extending the arm turns the heat over to the starter
• Be prompt in turning the heat over to the starter
– We don’t want to wait until the swimmers are ready to start to turn it
over to the starter – the swimmers will have to wait too long
– When all swimmers are on the blocks and getting themselves ready
– When swimmers in the water are in front of the end of the pool and
getting themselves in position
– It is the starter’s job to ensure the readiness of swimmers, not the
referees.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Timeline
Management
• Deck Referees are responsible for managing the timeline
(session report) for a session
– Heat sheet with heat start times can help (ask table nicely)
– Record start times for each event on master timeline
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Timeline
Management
• Every meet has different requirements for
management
• Some need to be slowly run – small sessions
• Some need to be faster – larger sessions
• Always strive for consistency in whistles no
matter what speed you are maintaining
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Referees
Are Part
of the
Admin
Team,
Too
• Introduce yourself to the timing operator, computer
operator, Administrative Official, announcer (if
present)
–
–
–
–
–
–
Find out how they are used to working
Confirm with announcer when he/she will talk
Determine where DQ slips should be placed
How will you know when timer is reset?
Do they want you to call out NS?
Who will handle swimmers who missed their heats, or
late additions to the heat sheet?
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
• All DQ slips from the deck will come to
you for review and signature
• Keep your eye on the event in the water
• Get slips in some sort of order to review
and record on your master ref heat
sheet
• Mark the infraction in your shorthand,
be sure you understand what is written
• Sign and turn in to table
• If you get overwhelmed, ask your backup referee to step in
Handling
DQ Slips
llinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Pre-session Discussions
• Meet referee
• Helping with assignments, timelines and whistles, deck entry and penalties,
notifying swimmers, any precedent set in prior sessions….
• Starters and other referees
• How will events be divided, handling false starts, positions, helping other
referees in difficult events
• Admin staff
• Handling deck entries, timing resets, closing events
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Your
Starter is
Your
Partner in
Delivering
Good
Starts
• Meet prior to the start of a session:
–
–
–
–
Starter picks their spots, but stay close to communicate
Review false start procedures and what constitutes a false start
What besides “Take Your Mark” should they say, and when?
How you would like problems or no shows communicated?
• Remember that your job is to help keep your starter calm
and focused
– Do not let problems with DQ slips or concern about timeline spill
over
– Be starter friendly!
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Reviewing
False
Starts
The rules state…
“When all swimmers are stationary, the starter shall
give the starting signal” (101.1.2.C), and
“Any swimmer starting before the starting signal is
given shall be disqualified if the Referee
independently observes and confirms the Starter’s
observation” (101.1.3A).
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
False
Start
Basics
• A stationary swimmer establishes a vertical
plane at the front of the block
• Breaking that plane (forward or backward)
before the starting signal = false start
• Watch for movement relative to that plane
– Not twitching muscles, back feet, wiggly
butts, etc.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Handling
False
Starts
• Movement with starting signal
– Be certain you have a fair start, you can initiate recall
– Starter and ref indicate on heat sheet potential lane(s)
– Starter approaches the referee “I have a potential false start”
• Referee should walk out of starting area before marking sheet
– Compare sheets without discussion
• If confirmed, write DQ (or ask CJ) and notify swimmer
• If not confirmed, continue to watch pool
• Movement without starting signal
– Starter should stand the heat, step it down
– Confirmation process is the same
– If confirmed, referee (or CJ) should notify the swimmer before
– resetting the heat
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Scenario
1
Swimmer leaves the set or stationary position prior to the
starting signal. The starting signal is then given. The race
proceeds and, assuming the Starter observed the early start
and the Deck Referee independently observes and confirms the
Starter’s observation, the offending swimmer is disqualified at
the conclusion of the race. Rule 101.1.3B applies.
This is a false start.
Scenario
2
Swimmer leaves the set or stationary position prior to the
starting signal. The swimmer upon realizing the early starting
motion attempts to catch himself/herself. Starter says
absolutely nothing, and the swimmer fails to halt the forward
motion and goes into the pool. Rule 101.1.3A applies.
This is a false start.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Scenario 3
Exactly the same facts as #2 above, but this time the Starter says “stand please” after the
swimmer leaves the set or stationary position. The seven other swimmers stand or step
down from the blocks. The offending swimmer struggles, but once again is unable to halt
the forward motion and falls into the pool. Unlike scenario #2 above, here the starter
said “stand please”, but that does not change the false start result. The rule is clear that
the "stand" command is for the benefit of the other swimmers on the starting blocks.
When the stand command is issued, the athletes have the option of standing or stepping
off the blocks. The offending swimmer did neither. He fell into the pool just like the
swimmer in scenario #2. Rule 101.1.3A applies.
This is a false start.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Scenario
4
Exactly the same facts as scenarios #2 and #3 above. However,
this time when the command “stand please” is issued, the
offending swimmer struggles, but is able to stand or step off
the blocks. Rule 101.1.3A applies.
This is NOT a false start.
Scenario
5
Exactly the same facts as scenarios #2 and #3 above. However,
when the Starter gives the “stand please” command, a
swimmer(s) other than the offending swimmer instantly bolts
from the blocks and enters the water. Rule 101.1.3D applies.
The swimmer(s) clearly started in reaction to the” stand”
command.
This is NOT a false start.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Scenario 6
The swimmer, upon hearing the command “take your mark” starts
down to take a set or stationary position. The swimmer loses his/her
balance before coming set and falls into the pool. Rule 101.1.2C applies.
The swimmer should be given the opportunity to come to his/her set or
stationary position prior to the start. A loss of balance prevented that,
and clearly this swimmer never engaged in any starting action.
This is NOT a false start.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Scenario 7
What about the scenario where the Starter gives the "take your mark"
command and all the swimmers come down and take a set
position. Prior to the starting signal, a swimmer initiates a starting
movement which the Starter sees but instead of standing the heat up,
the Starter waits just a moment allowing that swimmer to reset prior to
the starting signal.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Swimmers With Disabilities
• Coaches should advise the meet referee pre session
• Work with meet referee to let judges know
• Have an understanding of the accommodation
sought (talk to the coach, or the athlete)
• Generally coaches of disabled swimmers know
the routine and rules, but be patient and make
sure you do everything you can for the athlete
under the rules
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Starting Swimmers With Physical Disabilities
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
May need more time getting on the blocks
May need more time assuming starting position
May start in the water or on deck, or may sit on the starting platform
May need more time to get out of the pool
Be patient
Focus, but don’t fixate
Try not to create situations where the heat should be stood
Hold the same expectations
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Starting Deaf Swimmers
• May want to change lanes to see strobe better
• Starter shall use hand signals (See Rule 105)
– May have coach or assistant using signals on other side of pool or behind
blocks
• Referee should be positioned close to starter for better
communication
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Assisting Blind Swimmers
•
•
•
•
May need help getting to the blocks, getting up on the blocks
May want to be in a lane closer to the speaker to hear the start
May need an assistant to let them know when to start
May have an assistant to let them know when to turn
– The tapper: required at both ends of the pool
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Working with Coaches
• Coaches are advocates for their swimmers and are looking out for
interests of their swimmers before any other consideration.
• Coaches are smart when it comes to their swimmers and
swimming – take advantage of that – they can help solve problems
or resolve issues
• Keep the communication lines open and value their input without
being overly deferential
• We are here to support the efforts of the swimmers to excel in a fair
and impartial environment
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Working with Coaches
• If a coach comes to you with an issue, listen – don’t try to provide
an answer prematurely
• Be calm – do not become defensive
• Understand what the issue is about and then investigate
• Use your team - ask for advice from other officials or even other
coaches as needed, keeping the confidentiality of the players.
• Make your decision based on the best information you can get
• Be firm but fair
• If the coach is not happy, he or she can go see the meet referee that is why she gets the big bucks
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Working with Coaches
• A deck referee should get the initial protest from a coach for “their”
event.
• Listen carefully to the coaches concerns. If you are not sure about
something, it is always OK to tell them you will look into it.
– Talk to CJs and judges about the call
– Confer with other referees
– Check the rule book
• Do the best you can for the athlete and also the meet
• Think carefully before answering, a referees work is “law” and you can
put your meet referee in a bad position
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Safety of Athletes
• Everything we do is imbued with safety concerns:
•
•
•
•
•
Whistles tell starter all clear
Observation of deck for unsafe situations or behaviors
Eyes on the pool at all times
Knowing the Code of Conduct
Enforcing Safe Sport Issues
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
The Meet Referee
• Focus of training is to help you know how to be a good deck referee
• We teach some aspects of the meet referee position, but recommend not
starting in this role once certified
• Find someone to mentor you specifically on the meet referee position, consider
shadowing an experienced meet ref after certification
• Meet referee is in charge of all aspects of the meet
– Rules, procedures; Staffing; Paperwork
• You may not be this person, but you should understand the position
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
• Plain white collared shirt (tucked in)
• Tailored navy blue pants, shorts or
skirt
Official
Uniform
– No denim
– Not too short
• White socks
• White non-skid shoes
– Check www.shoesforcrews.com
• Nametag
– You will be sent one at the end of clinic season
– See www.ilswim.org
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Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
The “Four Hour” Rule
Spring 2016 Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Post Meet Responsibilities
• Referee certifies that meet has been conducted according to rules and
sanction
– Four hour rule
– Correct number of officials
• This used to be done in a writtenreport sent to Officials Committee,
but now is done as part of OTS meet record
• Also must enter officials’ work sessions into OTS
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Entering Meet in OTS
Meet is created in OTS when
sanctioned, connected to Meet Ref
in the packet
From “Meets and Evaluations” page,
search for meet
– Narrow search to Illinois Swimming,
LSC meets
– Search by meet referee or by date
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Entering Meet in
OTS
Under the officials tab of
the meet, select add
officials and search for the
by name or club, then add
them to the meet.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Responsibilities of Referees
Entering Meet in
OTS
Once officials are in the
meet you can add sessions
in the officials screen.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Responsibilities of Referees
Entering Meet in
OTS
Enter the referee’s report by clicking Meet Information tab for your meet
Scroll toward bottom to REFEREE and the “Referee’s Report”
– Note session start and finish times, session duration, and one official who was deck
referee, starter, stroke and turn, and administrative official. Also note total
number of officials (not including trainees) who worked the session.
• Template to copy available online
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Meetings and Assignments
• Check credentials
• Stroke briefing
Work
Before
The
Session
– Stay up to date with rules interpretations
– Consider your audience (how detailed, who should do)
•
•
•
•
Jurisdiction and protocol
Deck staffing
Assignments
Assigning trainers
GIVE CLEAR DIRECTIONS
BE CERTAIN EVERYONE
UNDERSTANDS
– Assign your best people
– Be certain they have been certified in position at least one year
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Meetings and Assignments
The
Stroke
Brief
• Be clear, knowledgeable, certain
• Using notes is fine!
• Engage your audience
– Yes, you may read, but you need to be certain
people are listening
– We are not all great public speakers and some
people find this one of the hardest parts of
refereeing
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Meetings and Assignments
The Rules
for Staffing
Meets Other
Than Dual
Meets
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Meetings and Assignments
The Rules
for
Staffing
Dual
Meets
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Meetings and Assignments
Assignments
and Protocol
• Depend on pool configurations and staffing
• Be certain your officials understand what you
are doing for THIS MEET and why
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Meetings and Assignments
Assignments
and Relief
• Fair and equitable coverage of the deck
– Not necessarily symmetrical
• Be sure you have relief
• Make certain people understand how relief will be
done and rotations, if used.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Meetings and Assignments
• Part of the assignment process is to match up
trainees needing on-deck training with trainers
• Some thoughts:
Assigning
Trainers
– Any on deck trainer must be certified in that position for
at least one year
• Ask the person in advance or check the referee report that is
send out monthly
– You are training the future
• Assigning good mentors is important; give training assignments
careful thought
• Put starter and referee trainees into a good team with
experience
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Meetings and Assignments
Assigning
Trainers
• Mentoring new and less experienced officials is part of a
referees job.
• Be willing to train at every position. It is valuable for a
referee to train stroke and turn judges.
• New Official’s need to be taught, just like you did:
•
•
•
•
•
Were you confident?
Did you feel comfortable about your ability to recognize stroke
infractions?
Were you prepared for the turmoil your DQ call would cause?
Did you hesitate raising your hand?
Did you have a list of reasons why you didn’t make a particular DQ
call?
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Meetings and Assignments
Mentoring
New
Officials
• Catch them doing something right and CELEBRATE it...in
public if you can
• Recognition in front of peers reinforces behavior
• Don’t hesitate to admit your own current or past mistakes
• Let them know they matter to the meet and the athletes
• Give them your contact information
• Help them; answer questions
• Sit with them in hospitality and briefings
• Make introductions to other officials
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Working With Chief Judges
Assigning CJs
Chief Judges are a Referee’s Best Friend!
 It is an adjustment to being on the “other side” of a radio
 Stress radio discipline on both sides
 Don’t allow talking through the start to distract from watching the athletes on the block
 Use CJs to help reduce your work load
 They can help with the writing and processing of slips
 Listen to the radio calls carefully to take care of problems early
 Delegate deck work such as correcting protocol
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Working With Chief Judges
• We don’t always use radios at in-season meets, but
if you have the opportunity, get used to radio
operations and protocols
CJs and
Radio Use
–
–
–
–
Acknowledge all transmissions
Use “please” and “thank you”
Keep radio traffic to meet-specific details
When you accept a DQ, repeat:
• Event, heat, lane
• Infraction
• “Please write it up and notify the swimmer”
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Working With Chief Judges
CJs and
Radio Use
• Radio work is the most common deficiency in
new referees, only due to lack of experience
• Review the USAS radio protocol document
• Find meets that use radios for practice and
training
• Work as a chief judge at a radio meet – it is
some of the best practice you can have
– Listening to experienced referees on the radio helps
with protocol, and also in learning how to ask good
questions of judges and CJs.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Safe Sport
• As a leader on deck, you are
responsible for helping
implement the USA Swimming
Safe Sport initiative
• Resources available on website:
– Safe Sport Meet Administration
• Cameras
• Instructing officials and marshals
what to look for
• Working with Meet Director and
Coaches
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Certification Requirements
Online
Test
Testing will require the USA Swimming rulebook
Your mini rulebook will work
Consult the full rulebook .pdf for Masters
Swimming questions (and answers)
This is available on the USAS website
Consider printing the entire test and taking it offline
The test will be the same when you log in to
your OTS account
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Training and Certification
Online
Test
• The USA-S online testing system is not
available from April 15 - May 1 (generally)
each year as the tests are updated to the new
rules.
• Testing after May 1 will require the current
year USA Swimming rulebook
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Certification Requirements
• Six on-deck training sessions
– At four different meets
– With at least three different trainers
On Deck
Training
• NOTE:
– Sessions must be at least three hours (swim event time),
include all strokes and have at least 25 heats
– All on-deck trainers must be certified in the position at
least 24 months.
– Your 5th OR 6th session must be with an approved
trainer
• Be aware of policy regarding out-of-LSC training
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Certification Requirements
NEW POLICY AS OF APRIL 1, 2017
As of this date, all referee trainees must complete their 5th
OR 6th session with a certified trainer.
On Deck
Training
Certified trainers have been in position at least 24 months
and have successfully passed an N2 evaluation at that
position.
Their cards are marked “CT” next to their LSC DR
certification.
You have a copy of the list in your materials.
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Certification Requirements
On Deck
Training
• All candidates for referee are reviewed by the
Official’s Committee for certification. It takes
longer to get certified after your cards are in
than at other positions.
• Blank training cards (without comments) are
generally not accepted as valid sessions.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Certification Requirements
For your training sessions…
• Try to contact the Meet Referee in advance to see if good
training can be accomplished
• Always carry your Officials Certification Card
– Printed from Officials Tracking System
On Deck
– You will be asked to show this to the Meet Referee
Training • Seek excellent, experienced deck mentors
• Get feedback! Always try to improve
• Bring a copy of the on deck training card with you to each
training session
• Bring your previously completed cards so your trainer can see
what you have done or what needs work
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Certification Requirements
•
On Deck
Training
•
•
•
Some Thoughts on Training
Do not expect “P” as your grade right out of the
box. We grow into officiating, and the jobs are
iterative – doing them over and over is what makes
us good.
Your session will count as long as your trainer
doesn’t indicate it should not for some reason,
regardless of the “P” “I” “N” marks
Ask as many questions as you can of your trainers.
It is not uncommon for referees to need more than
6 training sessions
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Certification Requirements
Submitting
Paperwork
1. When you are finished with your training sessions, scan (or
photograph) your complete set of cards.
2. Complete the Certification Requirements Checklist. Send scan
along with scans of training cards to
[email protected]
Do not send to the ISI Office!
3. Referee certifications are approved by the Officials Committee
monthly, so takes a little longer than other positions.
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
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Renewing your certification
Certification Requirements
• Renew membership with ISI and USA Swimming each year
– Calendar year
– Athlete Protection Training every two years
• Keep Level II Background Check current
– Good for two years from date of submission
• Take on-line recertification tests in even numbered years
– Or attend recertification clinics!
• Work a minimum of 10 sanctioned meet sessions every year
to recertify
– Your training sessions will count
– Now also on calendar year
• Acquire 6 CEUs during the year
• Submit the Referee Recertification Form
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Certification Requirements
Acquiring CEUs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Meet Referee for a large, multi-day meet on the ISI schedule - 2 CEUs
Attend officials briefing and work in any capacity at an ISI Championship
meet (Regional, Age Group or Senior) - 3 CEUs/session worked
Serve as an ISI officials clinic instructor – 3 CEUs
Participate in an ISI or USA-S championship meet or a YMCA state
championship meet – 2 CEUs per session
Serve as evaluator at an Officials Qualifying Meet – 2 CEUs per session
Participate in an ISI-sponsored recertification clinic – 3 CEUs
Train another official on deck – 1 CEU each session, max of 2
Work double the number of required sessions
– For every 4 sessions over 20, 1 CEU with maximum of 3
•
•
Take and pass the Administrative Official test – 2 CEUs
Attend other ISI sponsored events approved for credit by Officials
Committee
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
34
3/24/2017
Continuing to Learn
• Illinois Swimming Inc. website: www.ilswim.org
– Training forms
– Shirts, name tags
• USA Swimming website: www.usaswimming.org
– Officials Tracking System (OTS)
– Testing
– Education and Certification
• Situations and Resolutions and rule interpretations
– Forms
– Rule book (for Masters questions on test)
– NEW VIDEOS!
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Ask Anything!
Continuing to Learn
• Use all resources available
– Other officials
– Referees
– Area Officials Reps
– Officials Chair and Officials
Committee
• [email protected]
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
35
3/24/2017
ISI Officials Committee
Committee Chair
Brett Cumberland
Training/Instruction
Jack Yetter
Clinic Operations
Mike Parker
Communications
Darren Christian
Championship Meets
Ann Widdowson
Advancement/Retention/Recruitment
Dave Johnson
Certification/Registration
Rome Yount
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
[email protected]
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
Area Reps
Area
Description
Representative & Contact Info
Area Teams
1
South of IL-17
Scott Penland (BNY) [email protected]
(H) 309-663-6470
(M) 309-826-3061
BNSC, BNY, DDST, DOCS, DRGN, DSC, FFSC, HEAT, JAXY,
LYNX, OCS, QFY, PAWW, RED, SBD, SPY, SST, SUSA, UOFI
2
South Suburban
Tim Lehman (BBSC)
[email protected]
815-370-6780
BBSC, BSA, CSAT, CSSC, CWAC, EASC, GILS, HFSC, HWSA,
JAMS, JETS, JPD, LHSC, LPD, LWSA, NAC, OFSA, OLSA, PASS,
POSA, RASC, TPT
3
Chicago/
Collar Suburbs
Mark Daniel (EST)
[email protected]
CHMP, CLSC, CPD, GSC, EST, EXPR, HOSC, HSC, IGSC, KNAC,
LACS, LTIL, LYON, MANN, MDWY, RBSC, TOPS, TST, UICA,
ULT, WEST, WAY, WYAC
4
West Suburban/
Fox Valley
Dan Clasen (WCS)
[email protected]
630-881-1772
ACAD, BRRY, DLTA, ECST, ELY, FOX, HTSW, MAVS, NAPY,
SCST, WCS, WHTN, WSCS
5
Northwest IL
Becky Menso (PALA)
[email protected]
AA, BLFN, BSC, BTS, DCST, DUND, EMSC, FAST, MBLM,
MMAC, MSSC, ORCA, PALA, PPD, RMSC, SAGE, SPD, SSSC,
WDST
6
Northeast IL
Marcia Srivastava (NTSC)
[email protected]
BDSC, BLUE, CATS, COHO, DPRC, GA, GTAC, HPAC, LATT,
LEAN, LFSC, MMSC, MYST, NTSC, NU, PAC, SCT, SWAQ,
WILD, WOSO, YWFF
Illinois Swimming Officials Training
36
Deck Referee On Deck Training Certification Card
TRAINEE NAME: _______________________________________________________CLUB: ___ DATE: _______
MEET: ______________________________________ MEET SESSION #__________ TRAINING SESSION #: ____
Rating System: P= Proficient to perform unsupervised; I = Improved during session but still needs more training and
experience, x= Failed to satisfactorily perform necessary functions; N/A = Not observed or not applicable.
IF THERE ARE NO COMMENTS FROM THE TRAINER THIS CARD WILL NOT BE ACCEPTED BY THE COMMITTEE.
SKILL OBSERVED
RATING
COMMENTS
Whistle/starting protocol –
Fly-over or chase starts
Deck position, awareness and
“eyes on the pool”
Professional manner, including
communication and team work.
Timeline management
Understands and uses proper
radio protocol
Understand timing adjustments
and supervises table operations
Officials meeting (assignments,
protocol and stroke briefing)
Understands guidelines for officiating
swimmers with disabilities
Properly reviews and
communicates disqualifications
Understands rules and
interpretations
Documentation (use of forms,
meet certifications
Should this session count toward the training requirement? YES or NO (Circle One) If no, please add another session to training
What can you tell the committee about this session and the work done by the trainee, and what should the trainee focus on going forward?
TRAINER: ________________________________________ CLUB: ______EMAIL or PHONE:________________________
MEET REFEREE NAME: _____________________________________
SESSION START/FINISH TIME: _______/_______
(Training must be done over 6 sessions at 4 meets with at least 3 different trainers, each who have at least 24 months certification as Referee, 5 th
OR 6th session done by individual on the approved trainer list.)
Certification Requirements Checklist
Complete and email with scans/pictures of all on deck training cards to [email protected]
Official’s Name:
Official’s Email Address:
Club:
I am applying for certification at the following level:
☐ Administrative Official
☐ Stroke and Turn Judge
☐ Starter
☐ Referee
Online Test Results:
☐
☐
☐
☐
Test Name
Certification – Administrative Official
Certification – Stroke & Turn/Timer
Certification – Starter
Certification - Referee
Date Taken (mm/dd/yy)
Test Score (%)
For Administrative Officials who took the earlier (Timer/Timing Judge/Clerk of Course) test series:
☐
☐
☐
Test Name
Certification – Clerk of Course
Certification – Timer
Certification – Timing Judge
Date Taken
Test Score
Summary of On Deck Evaluations:
#*
Date
(mm/dd/yy)
Meet
Meet
Session #
of # Total
Trainer
Start Time
Finish Time
(x/y)
1
2
3
4
5
6
*Session requirements:
 Training sessions at all levels must be at least two (2) hours in length, have all four strokes contested (IM counts as four
strokes) and have a minimum of 20 heats.
 Administrative Official: Three (3) training sessions required from 2 meets, one at a multi-session meet, with at least 2
different trainers.
 Stroke and Turn Judge: Four (4) training sessions required from 3 meets with at least 2 different trainers.
 Starter: Five (5) training sessions required from 3 meets with at least 2 trainers, with 25 starts minimum at each
session
 Referee: Six (6) training sessions required from 4 meets with at least 3 trainers.
 Training sessions done outside of our LSC with a certified trainer from another LSC shall not exceed 50% of evaluations.
 All trainers must have a minimum of 12 months certified in the position being trained (time as a trainee does not count),
except referee trainers who must have been certified in position for 24 months. One of 5 th or 6th DR training session done
with individual on the approved list on the ISI website.
Illinois Swimming Officials Committee Issued: 3/24/17
WHAT IS A FALSE START?
The rules state “When all swimmers are stationary, the starter shall give the starting signal”
(101.1.2.c) and “Any swimmer starting before the starting signal is given shall be disqualified if the
Referee independently observes and confirms the Starter’s observation” (101.1.3A).
So what constitutes a false start? These scenarios should help you paint the picture.
FALSE START SCENARIO #1
Swimmer leaves the set or stationary position prior to the starting signal. The starting signal is then
given. The race proceeds and, assuming the Starter observed the early start and the Deck Referee
independently observes and confirms the Starter’s observation, the offending swimmer is disqualified
at the conclusion of the race. Rule 101.1.3B applies. This is a false start.
FALSE START SCENARIO #2
Swimmer leaves the set or stationary position prior to the starting signal. The swimmer upon realizing
the early starting motion attempts to catch himself/herself. Starter says absolutely nothing, and the
swimmer fails to halt the forward motion and goes into the pool. Rule 101.1.3A applies. This is a
false start.
FALSE START SCENARIO #3
Exactly the same facts as #2 above, but this time the Starter says “stand please” after the swimmer
leaves the set or stationary position. The seven other swimmers stand or step down from the blocks.
The offending swimmer struggles, but once again is unable to halt the forward motion and falls into
the pool. Unlike scenario #2 above, here the starter said “stand please”, but that does not change the
false start result. The rule is clear that the "stand" command is for the benefit of the other swimmers
on the starting blocks. When the stand command is issued, the athletes have the option of standing or
stepping off the blocks. The offending swimmer did neither. He fell into the pool just like the swimmer
in scenario #2. Rule 101.1.3A applies. This is a false start.
FALSE START SCENARIO #4
Exactly the same facts as scenarios #2 and #3 above. However, this time when the command “stand
please” is issued, the offending swimmer struggles, but is able to stand or step off the blocks. Rule
101.1.3A applies. This is NOT a false start. Why? Because the swimmer remained on the blocks or
deck like everyone else in the heat, and no starting signal ever sounded.
FALSE START SCENARIO #5
Exactly the same facts as scenarios #2 and #3 above. However, when the Starter gives the “stand
please “command a swimmer(s) other than the offending swimmer instantly bolts from the blocks and
enters the water. Rule 101.1.3D applies. The swimmer(s) clearly started in reaction to the” stand”
command. This is NOT a false start.
FALSE START SCENARIO #6
The swimmer, upon hearing the command “take your mark” starts down to take a set or stationary
position. The swimmer loses his/her balance before coming set and falls into the pool. Rule 101.1.2C
applies. The swimmer should be given the opportunity to come to his/her set or stationary position
prior to the start. A loss of balance prevented that, and clearly this swimmer never engaged in any
starting action. This is NOT a false start.
FALSE START SCENARIO #7
(added August 2012)
What about the scenario where the Starter gives the "take your mark" command and all the swimmers
come down and take a set position. Prior to the starting signal, a swimmer initiates a starting
movement which the Starter sees but instead of standing the heat up, the Starter waits just a moment
allowing that swimmer to reset prior to the starting signal. Surely this is not what we would like to see
in this situation (prefer the Starter to stand the heat up). However, is this still a false start?
RESPONSE:
In the scenario you pose no false start occurs. As long as all of the swimmers, including the one who
initiated a starting movement, are in a stationary position immediately prior to the starting signal, the
start is legal. Often it is preferable for the starter to wait patiently for a swimmer to reset after an
aborted starting attempt rather than immediately issuing a "stand" command. If the pause to reset is
only momentary, the slight delay may be less disruptive than standing the swimmers and starting over
again.
Reprinted from USA Swimming Officials Newsletter, April 5, 2012 and August, 2012.
Training Referees
General Guidelines for Training Referees:
- Always remember that refereeing is an art more than a science. Things you know you learned, and probably
not from the training clinic. They may have worked with referees who did things differently. Be patient and
always explain when asking them to do something new.
- Help the trainee become comfortable in his/her new role. Compliment observations, demeanor, etc. as
appropriate and make certain that questions and concerns are voiced.
- Ask your trainee about clinic and other on-deck training experiences. Review what training session this is.
What were the positive takeaways from the last session? What were the development needs? What would they
like to focus on? What do you as the trainer want to achieve?
- Review procedures and protocols given at the officials meeting, privately by the meet ref or in discussions
with other members of the starter/ref team.
- Emphasize fairness and equality of treatment. Stress the importance of consistency and respect for the athletes
and coaches. Remind your trainee to apply common sense and to keep a sense of humor.
- Be patient! We learn by doing. Have a goal or two for each session and focus on that.
Suggested Topics of Focus for Each Session
Session One
- The focus of this session should be deck refereeing events and working with the table.
- Have a pre-meet discussion of deck referee protocol. Review whistle starts, and how to pace them; how to
handle false starts. Talk about the importance of having “pool sense,” with knowledge of everything going on
in the pool, including officials in position, timers, activity behind the blocks, etc.
- Help them develop a routine surrounding each start: from the whistles to heads up, making sure they are
focused at each step on the most important points and not distracted by all the things going on around them.
- Work with the table to determine the paper flow of DQ and no show slips, timer lane sheets/cards, etc. Talk
about the importance of having “pool sense,” with knowledge of everything going on in the pool, including
officials in position, timers, activity behind the blocks, etc.
Session Two
- If possible involve the trainee in pre-meet routines. Have them participate in the meeting, work with admin
and have pre-session meetings with starters. Help them through this by asking questions and getting their
thoughts.
- Further emphasis on the deck referee’s job and responsibility to each event.
- Add the element of timeline management. Discuss why the whistles are where they are, what we are
effectuating with those choices. Talk about alternatives and situations where you would want a meet to run
faster or slower, and the duty to stay near the timeline for the benefit of the swimmers.
-Discuss backup and support for referee team and how the referees, admin, starters and officials are one unit
mutually supporting each other.
Session Three
- Add more pre-session responsibility. Have the trainee do assignments or the stroke briefing. Have them
direct the starter/ref meeting to determine protocols, teams and event responsibility.
- Talk to them about being a good referee for your starter – letting your starter start, not trying to control the
starts with the whistles or the hands-up, discussing starts only between sets and then only if needed.
- They should have a good grasp of the basics of deck refereeing by this session. Now is a good time to talk
to them about the rules for sessions (4 hrs, etc). Try to get a feel for where they are going – does their club
need a meet referee in 6 weeks or are they going to have good support to learn after the training is over? This
can allow you to teach more to their needs – meet referee versus deck referee and the differences between.
- Have them sit with admin for a few events and have them assessed or do so yourself.
Session Four
- Work with the meet referee to have the trainee do more of the pre-session work such as assignments or the
meeting or both.
- The trainee should be more comfortable working on the SR/DR team now and should be able to handle all
the pre-session discussion with you only as a shadow.
- If there are challenges or protests, have the trainee shadow or participate with a shadow even if it is not their
event. Discuss the importance of working with coaches and other officials and talk about types of challenges
to calls and what can be done – when do you accept and when do you overturn?
- This is a good session to have a talk about the philosophies of refereeing – you are the ultimate enforcer of
benefit of the doubt, and the types of things you can do to support the athletes. When are re-swims a good
idea, etc.
Session Five
-With two more sessions, this is a good time to have the trainee shadow the meet referee and discuss the
different responsibilities of that position. If your trainee intends to be a meet referee talk to them about the
importance of being mentored in that job specifically. A meet referee’s job starts weeks in advance of the
meet.
- Discuss disabled swimming and the different types of accommodations for different disabilities. They
should know the rules for starts and how to judge these swims, but talk about the different things you have
seen.
- Discuss working with the table and the MR on late adds and scratches, and explain how penalty swims
work.
Session Six
-The focus of this session should be to assess what your trainee needs practice with, and emphasize those
points.
-Observe them as a deck ref and make sure their mechanics are good (consistent length of whistles, crisp
short whistles, consistent placement). Observe and correct any problems with working with the starter.
- Have them do as much of the pre-session work on their own as possible while you shadow.
- Discuss the rules as best you can during the session. Point out resources such as the interpretations from
USA Swimming and the importance of keeping up with the rules.
- Offer to mentor, or help mentor them through becoming effective meet referees.
- They are going to flying solo after this, be comfortable with passing them. Extra sessions are OK if you
identify areas of need.
- Remind them refereeing is a process, and that they still have to keep learning and growing in the
position. None of us are finished products.
Completing a Training Card:
Please use the main portion of the card to give constructive advice for improvement. Praise what was done well and
offer advice on what to try to focus on in future trainings. There is no expectation that newer trainees are completely
proficient. At the bottom, circle Y or N for advancement. N means the training session will not be counted, Y means
they are proficient enough for their relative level of training. Cards without comments will not be accepted by the
committee. Only use N when a trainee does not show proper learning for their training status.
After the Session:
Review the card with the meet referee, and give it to the trainee. Provide some feedback about your comments and
answer any questions they may have. Remind them they must submit their training cards via email when all training
is done. BE POSITIVE ABOUT OFFICIATING!
The “Professional” Deck Referee - or - It’s more than blowing a whistle!
1
The “Professional” Deck Referee should:
1.
2.
Know the Rules and the official interpretations published by the USA Swimming Rules Committee
Coordinate with the Meet Referee and other Deck Referees to:
 establish how heats will be run – fly-overs, cleared pool, “chase starts”, etc.
 establish “standard” whistle protocol for the meet and where the “on deck” referee will be located. Suggested protocol:
• Short whistles - based on the meet pace established by the Meet Referee
• Long “step up or in” whistle – when the swimmers are ready. (If possible, resolve any issues before the first long whistle.)
• Second long whistle for backstroke – when the last head is up
• Turn the heat over to the starter when all swimmers are accounted for; either on the blocks or in the lanes and there are
no apparent issues behind the blocks. (This should be immediately after the last whistle in most heats). Ask the Starter to
say “Relax please” or step the swimmers down if any issues can’t be promptly resolved. Remember the outstretched arm
does not necessarily “close” the heat! USA Swimming rules do not specify when a heat is “closed”
• Let the Starter decide when the swimmers are ready to start
 manage the starting area – timers seated for starts, only starting swimmer in front of timers at the start, etc.
3. Work with the Starters:
 on their preferred starting location, where you will stand and how you will turn the heat over to them
 to decide how you will resolve common issues like “untidy” starting block areas (reduce the chaos to a minimum to set the
tone for the meet)
 on accommodation for disabled swimmers
 on how you would like to be advised of swimmers with problems in the starting area, equipment issues, etc.
 to verify “possible false start” procedure and protocol
4. Work with the Chief Judges:
 to establish procedures to receive DQ, DFS and “No Show” slips for review and sign off
 to establish swimmer notification procedures for all disqualifications
 to be sure they (and you) understand the radio protocol
5. Read and understand the information in the Meet Announcement, including warm-up requirements
6. Check with the Admin Ref after your shift to see if any ties need to be resolved. Start working on them immediately (before
scratch deadline). Consider ties for the last places in finals heats, for alternates and any others that could move into contention
if there are one or more scratches from, or “no shows” in, finals. Take into account any restrictions on who can swim in finals.
Find (page) the coaches involved and mediate the resolution. If a swim-off is needed, insist it be within the time required by the
rules. If another method is suggested by the coaches (one defers to another, a coin toss or other method), record the result and
convey it to the Administrative Referee. If scratches absolutely remove the need for resolution, inform the coaches.
7. Keep the meet flowing, but do not pressure starters to “pick up the pace”
8. Try not to turn away from the pool while a heat is in progress - avoid any “paperwork” until all heads are up after the start
9. Record the start time of each event
10. At the end of each event, reconcile DQs, “no shows” and any adjustments with the Admin Referee or Admin Official either
with a quick discussion if the Administrator is nearby or, if the Meet Referee agrees, by radio if in a remote location. If anything
“unusual” has occurred, follow up with the details to ensure accuracy
11. Develop your own “mental check list” of things to do before, during, and after your duty session. For example:
• Before the session:
– Check the Meet Announcement and heat sheet for any “red light” situations
Have events been championship seeded when the meet is in Preliminary-Final format
Transitions from slowest to fastest and fastest to slowest heats
Breaks between events
Deck seeded events; verify that the seeding has been distributed to the announcer, coaches, officials and timers
Are deck seeded events followed by pre-seeded events! Do coaches, officials, and timers know?
Any others you, or others, have experienced
• Before each event:
– Check for re-seeds. If any, are they on colored paper? Do the announcer, coaches, officials and timers have them? Have
copies been posted conspicuously for swimmers?
– Ensure the timing console is set to the correct distance whenever change is occurring
– Is your Starter (and are you) ready and are CJs and Judges in place?
• Before each race: (All of this should only take a second; two at most!)
– scan the deck for officials in position and equipment problems (pads hanging, cables in lanes, people leaning on
backstroke flag poles, etc.),
USA Swimming Officials Committee
May 2016
The “Professional” Deck Referee - or - It’s more than blowing a whistle!
2
– glance at the starter to see if issues have been observed
– if finals, count the swimmers while parading or being announced
– check if timing has been reset (ability to do this will depend on the system used and location of cues, if any)
• After the start:
– glance to see if the timing system started (consider a recall if it didn’t)
– watch for all heads up
– move a few meters down the pool (never more than 1 or 2 meters past the backstroke flags!)
– glance back at start end judges
– note start time (if it is the first heat), empty lanes and false starts
– watch swimmers and stroke judges
– in distance races – check scoreboard (if visible) for missed touches and incorrect counters (use CJ to convey corrections)
– check turn end judges
– acknowledge and note any DQ’s and process them expeditiously
– move back to start with incoming swimmers at the end of the heat
– glance at Starter to see if there may be issues with the next heat
– blow short whistles, etc.
• After each event:
– check all DQs have been finalized (including swimmer or coach notifications)
– reconcile DQs, DFSs, No Shows and adjustments with admin so the event can be “closed”
– check with admin for potential “swim offs” and resolve positions for finals
– take a well-earned break
– return for “next up” duties, which may include assisting the duty Deck Referee
• Add or insert any other items you can think of!
12. If assigned to invigilate controlled warm-up:
• Coordinate with the assigned Starter to observe the pool and enforce compliance with warm-up rules
• Open pace lanes at the designated time and racing start lanes as requested (open additional racing start/sprint lanes if
demand warrants). Coordinate with the Announcer and Marshalls
• With the Starter, check starting equipment and starting platforms
• Review deck set-up in general – Quietly notify Meet Referee of deficiencies or safety issues
Other Very Important Stuff:
• Considers “body language” when “on duty” and at all other times when accessible - always assume video coverage!
• Try to face the pool when standing anywhere near it, even when not on duty
• Be alert, attentive, focused, calm, professional, and approachable
• Always be “friendly” and helpful to coaches, swimmers, and other officials; even if they are not
• Try to take all discussions and emotional issues off-deck and away from front and center
• If issues need to be resolved or discussed with coaches, CJs or STs, consider turning the heats over to the “next up” Referee
• Similarly, be ready to step in when “next up”. Watch and listen so that you don’t need to be summoned!
• Maintain your sense of humor
And that’s just the tip of the iceberg!
Remember: Professional Deck Referees:
 can adapt to meet conditions and needs
 have, and generously apply, COMMON SENSE
 are willing to learn
 make sure the benefit of the doubt goes to the swimmer
 don’t read more into the rules than is written
 are willing to, and frequently, work as a Stroke and Turn Judge
 find ways (within the rules) to let swimmers compete, and don’t over interpret procedural rules
 appreciate swimmers, coaches, officials and volunteers of all levels and interact with them respectfully on all occasions
 are neatly uniformed, look confident, are competent, and are never imperious
 advise the Meet Referee and Deck Referees of any non-routine decisions made. If possible, involve them in those decisions
 do the Deck Referee job well and don’t overstep those responsibilities unless asked by the Meet Referee (this doesn’t mean
that you can’t help out here and there)
 self-evaluate after all shifts, sessions, and meets, and
 look forward to their next meet
USA Swimming Officials Committee
May 2016
Checklist for Deck Referee Advancement Evaluation
(Refer to the N2 and N3 National Evaluation & Certification Requirements 1)
Attachment A
2
N2 Deck Referee – Prerequisites for requesting an Evaluation:
 LSC-certified Deck Referee for at least 16 sessions
 certified as N2 Stroke & Turn Judge
 Can work at least 4 sessions at the OQM, with at least 3 evaluation sessions as a Deck Referee
N2 Deck Referee - Performance Requirements for an Advancing Evaluation
 Has read the Meet Announcement, absorbed Instructions from the Meet Referee and applies them
 Know the stroke, turn, starting and relay exchange rules and their interpretations
 Understands basic protocols and procedures for running events in meets; keeps to the “timeline” and meet
rhythm and tempo required by the Meet Referee
 Works with other Deck Referees, Starters, Chief Judges and Stroke and Turn Judges as a “team player” during
warm-up (invigilating), pre- meet and session meetings and during the meet. Arrives at all meetings on time
 Uses recommended radio protocol when conversing with CJs, ARs and the Meet Referee
 Handles DQs and the related “paperwork” promptly and appropriately
 Recognizes and records “false starts”
 Promptly closes out each event and resolves any ties for positions in finals in accordance with the rules
 Remains ready to assist other Deck Referees when necessary
 Understands the meet is for the swimmers
 Is neatly and correctly uniformed and has a calm, confident, polite and professional demeanor
N3 initial Deck Referee Evaluation (this is not a certification level) – Prerequisites2 for requesting an evaluation:
 N2 Deck Referee certification and N3 Stroke & Turn certification
 Active as an official in the LSC at all levels of meets
 At least 8 sessions as a Deck Referee, recorded in OTS, since N2 certification
N3 initial Deck Referee Evaluation - Performance Requirements for a recommendation to proceed to an N3 final
Evaluation
 Applies the requirements expected of the N2 Referee without reminders
 Knows and understands the Deck positions, functions and protocols used at National Championship meets
 Works very comfortably with the rest of the deck team and doesn’t unnecessarily interfere in their duties
 Understands the needs of swimmers before, during and after the swim, and accommodates them within the
rules and requirements established by the Meet Referee
 Understands the role and needs of the Administrative Referee, the timing system operator and the Announcer
 Controls the tempo and rhythm of the event in accordance with the Meet Referee’s instructions
 Understands the different protocols used at high level meets – Replay Referee, FINA protocols, etc.
 Appropriately applies safety related procedures – invigilating, attention to the pool and general vigilance
 Comfortably uses the recommended radio protocol
 Looks and acts like a very experienced Deck Referee
N3 final Deck Referee Evaluation – Prerequisites2 for requesting an evaluation:

Worked at least 8 sessions as a Deck Referee, recorded in OTS, after receiving a “recommendation” N3 initial
Deck Referee evaluation
N3 final Deck Referee Evaluation - Performance Requirements for Certification
 Very comfortably applies all of the requirements expected for N2 and N3 initial evaluations
 Fully understands and demonstrates the role of the Deck Referee at National Championships
 Regularly works lower level and LSC meets in all deck roles and helps develop and mentor officials at all levels
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There are other requirements that need to be met before an application for National Certification can be submitted and approved.
Do not ask to be evaluated before the prerequisites have been satisfied.
USA Swimming Officials Committee
May 2016
OFFICIALS’ BRIEFING
BREASTSTROKE
Start: Forward start.
Stroke: Body kept on breast.
Stroke cycle is one arm pull and one leg kick in that order. Simultaneous arm movement in same horizontal plane. After start and each
turn one arm stroke may be completely back to legs. Head must break surface at widest part of second pull. Recovery by the hands
from the breast-on, under, or over the water. Elbows under water except last stroke before turn or finish.
Kick: After start and each turn, prior to the first breaststroke kick, a single butterfly kick is permitted. Movement of the legs shall be
simultaneous vertically and horizontally. Feet turned out during propulsive part of kick. No alternating, scissors, or butterfly kick, except
as stated, is allowed.
Turns: Shoulders at or past vertical toward breast when feet leave wall.
Finish: Touch shall be made with both hands separated and simultaneously at, above, or below the water surface. At the last stroke
before the turn and at the finish an arm stroke not followed by a leg kick is permitted. Head may be submerged after the last arm pull
prior to the touch, provided it breaks the surface of the water at some point during last complete or incomplete stroke cycle preceding
the touch.
BUTTERFLY
Start: Forward start.
Stroke: Body kept on breast. Multiple kicks permitted but first arm pull must bring swimmer to the surface. Must break surface
throughout the race except swimmer may be submerged after start and each turn not more than 15 meters where head must break
surface. Arms, shoulder to wrist, brought forward over water and pulled back simultaneously.
Kick: Simultaneous up and down movement. No alternating, scissors, or breaststroke kicking movements.
Turns: Shoulders at or past vertical toward breast when the swimmer leaves wall.
Finish: Touch shall be made with both hands separated and simultaneously at, above, or below the water surface.
BACKSTROKE
Start: In water facing start end with both hands on gutter or starting grips.
(a) guttered pool - feet/toes may be above the water, but may not be in, on, above lip, or bent over the gutter at any time before or
after start.
(b) flat wall pads - feet/toes may be placed above the water level.
(c) when using backstroke ledges - the toes of both feet must be in contact with the wall
Stroke: Any style as long as swimmer remains on back.
Kick: Must break surface throughout the race except swimmer may be submerged after start and each turn not more than 15 meters
where head must break surface.
Turns: During turn swimmer may go past vertical to the breast and may utilize a continuous single or continuous simultaneous double
arm pull to initiate the turn. Some part of swimmer must touch wall at completion of each length. Shoulders at or past vertical toward
back when feet leave wall.
Finish: Some part of swimmer must touch the wall while on the back.
FREESTYLE
Start: Forward start.
Stroke: Any style may be used.
Kick: Must break surface throughout the race except swimmer may be submerged after start and each turn not more than 15 meters
where head must break surface.
Turns: Some part of swimmer must touch the wall at completion of each length or required
Finish: distance.
INDIVIDUAL MEDLEY
Start: Forward start.
Stroke: Rules for each stroke apply. Must swim ¼ of event distance as prescribed stroke, in order of Butterfly, Backstroke,
Breaststroke, and Freestyle. May not swim in the style of the other three strokes during the freestyle leg.
Kick: Rules for each stroke apply.
Turns: Intermediate turns conform to turn rules for the stroke.
Finish: Transition turns conform to finish rules for the stroke.
RELAYS
Freestyle Relay: Freestyle rules apply. Each swimmer must swim ¼ of distance.
Medley Relay: Rules pertaining to each stroke apply. Each swimmer must swim ¼ of event distance as prescribed stroke, in order of
Backstroke, Breaststroke, Butterfly and Freestyle. May not swim in the style of the other three strokes during the freestyle leg.
Takeoffs: Swimmers feet/foot must remain in contact with the starting platform until the incoming swimmer has touched the finish wall
or pad.
BENEFIT OF THE DOUBT GOES TO THE SWIMMER
Call what you see and see what you call
October 2015