Cell Theory
Cell Theory-_______ statements
which describe all cells.
1. All _____ ______are composed
of _____
2. Cells are the _____ ______of
structure and function in living
things
3. New cells are produced from
________ cells
Two Major Categories of CellsTwo Major Categories of Cells• 1. Prokaryotic Cells- Cells which
_____ ______contain a nucleus, and
therefore the genetic material is free in the
cell
• 2. Eukaryotic Cells- (Plant and Animal)
Cells which contain a ______, and
other_____
Is a pine tree a prokaryote or a
eukaryote?
A. Prokaryote
B. Eukaryote
• Organelles- structures in Eukaryotic cells
which keep the cell alive and working
correctly
What does
“elles”
mean?
What does “elle” mean?
A. Little
B. Organs
“DNA” Organelles
•
•
•
Nucleus- a small structure in the cell which
contains ______ _______ (DNA) and controls
_____ ______ (It’s like the boss)
Nuclear envelope- ________ and _______ the
nucleus
Chromatin-is made of _____ and when the cell
divides it coils up to form chromosomes
•
Also, this chromatin (DNA) has the information
needed to build proteins needed by organisms
•
Nucleolus- small dense area of nucleus which
______ _________
The Nucleus
E.R. w/ Ribosomes
•
•
Ribosomes- follow directions from
________, which describe how to make
certain proteins.
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)- 2 Types
– Rough ER-Has ________
– Smooth ER-_____ _____ have ribosomes
ER is near nucleus, so directions sent
quickly from the _____ to _________
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus & Lysosomes
•
•
Golgi Apparatus- ________ proteins from
the ER for ______ and ________ inside
or outside of the cell
Lysosomes- small organelles filled with
_______ which have 2 major jobs
•
•
break down (fat), (sugar), and proteins
digest old cell parts which are no longer useful
Golgi
Lysosomes
Energy Organelles
•
•
Chloroplasts- capture energy from
______ and convert it to sugar >photosynthesis. Chloroplasts are only
found in _______.
Mitochondria- convert _____ to ATP >used by your cells for energy
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Structural Organelles
• Cytoskeleton- network of protein
_______ that help the cell to keep the
correct shape. They also help some
cells move around the body
• Centrioles- located near the nucleus
and help to organize ______ ______
Cell Membrane & Cell Wall
Protective Boundaries
•
•
Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane)________ the cell and _______ what
enters and leaves the cell.
Cell Wall- Found outside the plasma
membrane. Protects ______ ________.
Cell
Membrane
Cell Wall