3096 Final Review I
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1. Natural laws are:
a. rules that explain how all things in the entire universe always behave.
b. a form of inquiry.
c. a preliminary explanation.
d. a process of discovering the answers to questions.
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 3.1
REF:
2. Energy can be thought of as stored ____.
a. Mass
b. Work
c. Weight
d. Force
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 7.1
REF:
3. Why is it important to include units when making measurements?
a. Without units, it is impossible to tell the quantity being measured.
b. Units provide information about the type of measurement.
c. Units help describe the size of the quantity being measured.
d. All of the above
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 1.1
REF:
4. Once a scientific theory has been accepted:
a. its evidence does not need to be repeated.
b. it can never be changed or revised.
c. it continues to be tested against new evidence.
d. it is considered to always be true.
ANSWER:
C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 3.1
REF:
5. A scientific hypothesis:
a. is a prediction of the outcome of an experiment.
b. may be modified as new evidence becomes available.
c. is one that can be tested.
d. may be described by all of the above.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 3.1
REF:
6. How many energy levels are filled in a krypton atom?
a.
b.
c.
d.
3
4
5
6
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 15.1
REF:
7. A vector, such as force, can be represented by drawing an arrow. Which of the
following statements is CORRECT?
a. The length of the arrow indicates the direction of the force.
b. The length of the arrow indicates the unit of force used.
c. The length of the arrow indicates the strength of the force.
d. The point of the arrow indicates the strength of the force.
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 5.1
REF:
8. A rocket sled accelerates from 10 m/s to 50 m/s in 2 seconds. What is the
acceleration of the sled?
a. 10 m/s2
b. 25 m/s2
c. 40 m/s2
d. 20 m/s2
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 4.3
REF:
9. What are the units of mechanical advantage?
a. Newtons
b. Joules
c. Watts
d. Mechanical advantage has no units.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 9.2
REF:
Kyela and her brother are roller skating. Kyela as a mass of 60 kg and her brother
has a mass of 30 kg.
Answer the following questions.
10. When Kyela pushes off her brother, how do their accelerations compare?
a. They both have the same acceleration.
b. Kyela accelerates faster than her brother.
c. Neither will accelerate, because they are traveling at constant velocity.
d. Her brother accelerates faster than Kyela.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 6.2
REF:
11. How much power is necessary to do 50 joules of work in 5 seconds?
a. 5 watts
b. 10 watts
c. 50 watts
d. 250 watts
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 8.2
REF:
12. Weight is a force that depends on mass and:
a. energy conservation.
b. magnetism.
c. friction.
d. gravity.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 5.1
REF:
Jordan noticed that as he stood farther away from his desk lamp, the light from the
lamp seemed dimmer. He borrowed a light meter from his brother, who is a
photographer, and decided to test his observation.
13. Jordan used a light meter to measure the brightness of his lamp at various distances.
Distance is the:
a. hypothesis.
b. experimental variable.
c. control variable.
d. analysis.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 3.2
REF:
14. A rope and pulley system has an input force of 2.5 newtons and an output force of
10 newtons. What is the mechanical advantage of the system?
a. 0.25
b. 4
c. 7.5
d. 25
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 9.2
REF:
15. A unit of motion repeated over and over again is called the:
a. amplitude.
b. period.
c. velocity.
d. cycle.
ANSWER:
D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 23.1
REF:
16. Changes in motion come from:
a. mass.
b. inertia.
c. balanced forces.
d. unbalanced forces.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 6.1
REF:
17. A 2.2-kilogram crate is pulled by a 30-newton force over a distance of 5 meters.
How many joules of work are done by pulling the crate?
a. 11 J
b. 66 J
c. 150 J
d. 330 J
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 8.1
REF:
18. List the phases of water in order, from the phase with the slowest molecular
movement to the phase with the fastest molecular movement.
a. Liquid-Solid-Gas
b. Gas-Solid-Liquid
c. Solid-Liquid-Gas
d. Gas-Liquid-Solid
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 10.3
REF:
19. The advantage of using the scientific method is that:
a. its cautious building of evidence-based understanding is dependable and
logical.
b. its random way of trying everything covers all options.
c. any evidence in disagreement with a theory can be thrown out.
d. continual testing leads to mistakes being made.
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 3.1
REF:
20. Calculate the work needed to push a block with 4 newtons of force a distance of 10
meters.
a. 0.4 joules
b. 2.5 joules
c. 4 joules
d. 40 joules
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 8.1
REF:
21. In 1/2 hour, a bicyclist traveled 20 kilometers. What was the bicyclist’s average
speed?
a. 60 km
b. 40 km/h
c. 40 km
d. 10 km/h
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 4.1
REF:
22. From home, you walk 6 blocks east and then walk 4 blocks west. Your distance
from home is:
a. 2 blocks.
b. 4 blocks.
c. 6 blocks.
d. 10 blocks.
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 4.1
REF:
23. Which of the following are in the correct order from smallest to largest?
a. Meter, millimeter, centimeter, kilometer
b. Centimeter, millimeter, meter, kilometer
c. Millimeter, meter, centimeter, kilometer
d. Millimeter, centimeter, meter, kilometer
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 1.1
REF:
24. According to Newton’s third law, an action reaction pair of forces have:
a. different magnitudes in the same direction.
b. equal magnitudes in opposite directions.
c. different magnitudes in opposite directions.
d. equal magnitudes in the same direction.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 6.3
REF:
25. An automobile engine exerts a force of 500 newtons on a car to travel 4,000 meters.
What is the amount of work done by the engine?
a. 8 joules
b. 4,500 joules
c. 2,000,000 joules
d. 0.125 joules
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 8.1
REF:
26. If the length of a pendulum increases, the period of the pendulum:
a. decreases.
b. stays the same.
c. increases.
d. returns immediately to zero.
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 23.1
REF:
27. A unit used to measure the period of a cycle is the:
a. hertz.
b. second.
c. newton-second.
d. meter.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 23.1
REF:
28. What is a requirement of doing work?
a. Speed
b. Weight
c. Mass
d. Energy
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 7.1
REF:
29. The measure of the number of cycles per second is called:
a. frequency.
b. period.
c. amplitude.
d. vibration.
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 23.1
REF:
30. Energy is measured in:
a. joules.
b. kg/m2
c. newtons.
d. kg•m/s2
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 7.1
REF:
31. Convert 972 meters to centimeters.
a. 9.72
b. 97.2
c. 9,720
d. 97,200
ANSWER:
POINTS:
D
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FEEDBACK:
section 1.3
REF:
32. What is the kinetic energy of a go-cart with a mass of 150 kilograms and a speed of
20. m/s?
a. 30,000 J
b. 1,500 J
c. 3,000 J
d. 60,000 J
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 7.1
REF:
33. Ball #1 is rolled down the steeper side of a hill while ball #2 rolls down the
opposite side which is less steep. Both balls roll out onto a flat surface at the same
level. Assuming there is no friction, how do the speeds of the balls compare when
they reach the flat surface?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Ball #1 has the greater speed.
Ball #2 has the greater speed.
The speed will be the same for both balls.
Not enough information is given.
ANSWER:
C
Conversion from potential energy to kinetic energy is independent
of the path. Both balls will have the same kinetic energy and same
speed at the bottom since they both “fall” the same vertical distance.
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 7.1 | section 7.2
REF:
34. In the picture below, a girl is sitting motionless on a swing. What is the net force on
the girl?
a.
b.
c.
d.
0 newtons
245 newtons upwards
490 newtons upwards
490 newtons downwards
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 5.3
REF:
35. The action that would require NO work to be done is:
a. lifting a balloon filled with air from the floor to a desktop.
b. pedaling a 100-newton bicycle up a small hill.
c. pushing a 25-kilogram box of books across the floor.
d. holding a 100-pound object over your head.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 8.1
REF:
36. An object at rest has:
a. both inertia and momentum.
b. momentum but no inertia.
c. inertia but no momentum.
d. neither inertia nor momentum.
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 6.1 | section 6.3
REF:
37. The amount of matter in an object is called its:
a. gram.
b. mass.
c. volume.
d. weight.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 2.1
REF:
38. Dimensional analysis is used to:
a. measure the smallest possible interval.
b. create a ratio with a value of 1.
c. convert units.
d. determine how close a measurement is to the true value.
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 1.3
REF:
39. Mass is a measurement of:
a. how hot or cold something is.
b. the amount of matter that makes up something.
c. anything that has volume and takes up space.
d. how much surface something has.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 2.1
REF:
40. If the mechanical advantage of a simple machine is 5, then:
a. the input force is 5 times greater than the output force.
b. the output force is 5 times greater than the input force.
c. The efficiency is 500%.
d. The output work is 5 times greater than the input work.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 9.2
REF:
41. A longitudinal wave travels:
a. perpendicular to a latitude wave.
b. in the same direction as the oscillations.
c. only along the Earth's longitudinal lines.
d. perpendicular to the direction of oscillations.
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 23.3
REF:
42. A simple machine can multiply:
a. forces and speed.
b. forces only.
c. energy only.
d. forces and energy.
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 9.1
REF:
43. The measure of how effective a machine is in using energy to do work is called:
a. mechanical advantage.
b. work output.
c. transformation.
d. efficiency.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 8.2
REF:
44. Which of the following stores energy?
a. A battery
b. Food
c. A stretched rubber band
d. All of the above
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 7.1
REF:
45. Which of the following hypotheses could be tested by an experiment?
a. Aliens control everything that happens on Earth.
b. The harder you push a small wagon, the faster it goes.
c. A chocolate bar tastes better than potato chips.
d. All of the above
ANSWER:
B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 3.1
REF:
46. What are the meaningful digits called in a measurement?
a. Uncertainty
b. Precision
c. Significant digits
d. Accuracy
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 1.4
REF:
47. Which of the following is NOT a unit of measurement in the metric system?
a. Foot
b. Centimeter
c. Second
d. Meter
ANSWER: A
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 1.1
REF:
48. Speed that does not change is called:
a. average speed.
b. minimum speed.
c. constant speed.
d. instant speed.
ANSWER: C
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 4.1
REF:
49.
A
B
C
D
Which graph of motion shows the motion of an object in equilibrium?
a. A
b. B
c. C
d. D
ANSWER: B
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 5.3
REF:
50. Variables like velocity and acceleration that have both size and direction are called:
a. axes.
b. independent.
c. dependent.
d. vectors.
ANSWER: D
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POINTS:
FEEDBACK:
section 4.1
REF: