CHAPTER 1 – PART 3
ELEMENTARY
LOGIC
MADAM SITI AISYAH ZAKARIA
CHAPTER OUTLINE: PART III
1.3 ELEMENTARY LOGIC
LOGICAL CONNECTIVES
1.3.5 CONDITIONAL STATEMENT
COMMON CONNECTIVES
Connectives Symbol
Name
If then

Conditional
If and only if

Biconditional
1.3.5 CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
1.3.5 CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
1) Conditional Statement/ Implication
Let p and q be a proposition. The implication p  q is the
proposition that is FALSE when p is true, q is false.
Otherwise is TRUE.
p = hypothesis/antecedent/premise
q = conclusion/consequence
Express: “ if p, then q”, “q when p”, “p implies q”
Eg: If you earn an A in logic then I will give you present.
The Truth Table for the Implication ( p  q)
p
q
pq
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
T
T
F
F
T
proposition
1.3.5 CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS
2) Equivalence/ Biconditional
Let p and q be a proposition. The biconditional p  q is the
proposition that is TRUE when p and q have the same truth
values, and FALSE otherwise.
Express: “ p if and only if q”
Eg: -You can take flight if and only if you buy a ticket.
-You can have dessert if and only if you finish your meal
The Truth Table for the Biconditional ( p  q)
p
q
pq
T
T
T
T
F
F
F
T
F
F
F
T
EXERCISE
THE END