International Conference on Creativity and Education
Teaching Creativity in High School:
From an integrative perspective
Jiannong Shi, Xiaojun Qu
Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of
Science
[email protected]
http://cngifted.psych.ac.cn
Issues about creativity
Knowledge or experience and creativity
Intelligence and creativity
Motivation (intrinsic vs extrinsic) and
creativity
Family background and creativity
Schooling and creativity
Culture and creativity
Natured or nurtured
What is creativity?
Creativity is the generation of ideas that are
both novel and valuable. (Boden)
A creative idea is one that is both original
and appropriate for the situation in which it
occurs.(Martindale)
Creativity from a Western perspective can
be defined as the ability to produce work
that is novel and appropriate. (Lubart)
Two Defining Features of Creativity
(Mayer, 1999)
Author
Cruher &
Wallace
Martindale
Lumsden
Feist
Lubart
Boden
Nickerson
Feature 1:
Originality
Feature 2:
Usefulness
novelty
original
new
novel
novel
novel
novelty
value
appropriate
significant
adaptive
appropriate
valuable
utility
Creativity is not the sole
feature of a product
Person who create the product
Procedure during which the product is
created
Environment which press the pressure
on the person and has feedback on the
product
and the product itself
Conception of creativity
Creativity is a manifestation of one's intellectual activity.
It is the ability of an individual to re-construct and
combine the components of existing knowledge and
experience in a special way to develop a new
production.
Creativity is combined with creative attitude, creative
behavior, and creative production. The core is creative
behavior which includes creative thinking, creative
habits, and creative activities.
Creativity can be influenced by the environment in
which one lives. The degree of the influence mainly
depends on one’s personality.
Intellectual
potential
Heredity
Non-intelligence
personalities
Knowledge &
experiences
Attitudes
or trends
Creative
thinking
The
System of
Creativity
Creative
habits
Creative
actions
Creative behavior
Creative
products
Educational
level
Social
environment
Family
economic
conditions
Creativity and intelligence
current
Factors may
make effects
intrinsic or extrinsic
Intellectual
potential
Control switch
Attitude
about task
Non-target task
Target task
Activities not
evaluated
Activities
evaluated
Creativity in an
integrative system
Power system
Curiosity, Interest,
Motivation, Creative
attitudes, etc.
Support system
Notion & form of education,
Pattern of management,
Encouraging system,
Creativity
and opportunities, etc.
development
Resource system
Domain knowledge,
skills, Methods,
Tools or equipment,
etc.
Design of creativity education in schools
(Shi, 2000)
Creativity
Originality
Different
from others
Know
the old
Comparing &
Cognitive
finding problems
aspects
Seeking
information
Value
Function
of product
Evaluated
by society
Try new
things
Non-cognitive
Looking aspects
Risk taking
for
challenge
Communication
collaboration
Do what others
not dare to do
Enough physical energy
Medical care
& nutrition
Communicate
Express
with others
oneself
Socialization
Physical
exercise
Seeking
helps
Collaboration
Psychological mode
Having experience
in society, in nature
Value of world, of
life, & of oneself
Cognitive Aspects
Breaking the set of thinking
styles
Critical thinking training
Divergent thinking training
flexibility, originality, fluency etc.
example
Non-cognitive Aspects
Challenge oneself
task commitment, passion
motivation & motives
 curiosity, drive for exploration & knowledge
etc.
openness for experiences, open learning
 Input & Output the information with different
sense modality
Communication and
collaboration skills
Expressing oneself
Making speech
Debating
Acting
Team-building