unit 1
basketball
Basketball is
one of the fastest
team sports. It is
played between
two teams of five
players each.
 The objective of each
team is to throw the ball
into the opponent’s
basket and to prevent
the other side from
scoring. Scores are made
by passes, dribbles,
breakthroughs and so on,
subject to the rules.
competition
 Its popularity stems from the fact
that it is a fast scoring game in
which there is intense activity
from the beginning till end. Now,
the international playing time is
40 minutes which is divided into
four periods of 10 minutes each.
Extra period
 If the score is tied at the end of the
fourth period, the game will be
continued with an extra period or
periods till the tie is broken.
 The origin of the game of basketball
dates back to 1891. The credit for
starting this game and framing its
rules goes to Dr.James Naismith. Dr.
James Naismith was a teacher at
the YMCA Training School in
Springfield, Massachusetts.
Jame naismith
 a Canadian-American teacher of
physical, is recognized as the inventor
of the sport of basketball. in 1891,he
invented basketball as an indoor
sport. He developed the game as an
activity for his student during the
winter months.
 The international basketball
federation was founded in Geneva
in 1932, two years after the sport
was officially recognized by the IOC.
Its original name was federation
international de basketball amateur
in French.
 The game of Basketball
was first included in the
Olympics in 1936 when
the Games were held in
Berlin. Women’s Olympic
basketball competition
began at the 1976 Games
in Montreal in Canada.
 FIBA has organized a
World Championship
for men since 1950
and a World
Championship for
Women since 1953.
Both events are now
held every fours.
 In 1989, FIBA opened
the door to Olympic
participation by
professionals such as
players from the NBA
in the United States.
At this point, the
name of FIBA
changed into?
Playing court and equipment
1. Team bench area
2. Scorer’s table
1
3. Basket
4. Free-throw line
5. Center circle
10
2
5
7
6
4
6. Free-throw circle
7. Center line
8
8. Three-point line
9. Baseline ( endline)
10.sideline
9
3
0fficials in basketball match
1.The referee
or chief official
2. Umpire( trail
official)
3. Table official
official; lead
Special terms about basketball






scoring
Timekeeping
Foul
Player substitution
Shot clock
violation
Players’ position
1.
Guard (point
guard, shooting
guard)
2.
Forward (small
forward, power
forward)
3.
center
The fouls
 Personal fouls
(个人犯规）
 Technical foul
（技术犯规）
personal fouls(侵人犯规-个人犯规）






Hitting
打人
Pushing
推人
Holding
拉人
Charging
撞人
Blocking
阻挡
Illegal screen 非法掩护
Olympic basketball tournament
 Basketball is played in 4
periods of 10 minutes each at
Period: 节
the Olympic Games. A five-
Five-minute overtime
minute overtime follows if a
game is tied. Both the men’s
and the women’s basketball
tournament is played with 12
teams.
:5分钟的加时
Tie:平局
Tournament:循环赛
 Except the host country
and the reigning World
*reigning:本届的，比赛最近获胜的
Champion, all teams
have to qualify through
*qualify: 获得资格
a continental
championship a year in
advance to the Olympics.
*in advance to: 提前，在…之前
 The men’s basketball
made its Olympic debut in
Debut:首次亮相
the 1936 Games in Berlin.
Since that time, the
united states outclassed
the rest of the world until
Outclass: 大大超过
1972, when the Soviet
Union defeated the U.S
team in a controversial
game for the gold medal.
Controversial:有争议的
 在1972年奥运会的决赛场上，美国和前苏联两国进行男篮决赛，
同样是最后6秒钟，前苏联以49∶48一分领先。这时候，美国队
的道格·柯林斯（NBA状元秀，乔丹恩师，后成为率领公牛队的
著名教练）获得两次罚球机会，并且全部命中，比赛结束的哨
音随即响起。正在美国队大肆庆祝的时候，匈牙利籍裁判认为
比赛离结束还有1秒钟，让两队重新回到场上，前苏联队的一
个超级远投没有命中，美国队随即开始了更为热烈的庆祝。
 但当时的国际篮联秘书长威廉姆·琼斯突然站出来，他认为柯林
斯罚完篮后，比赛实际上还剩3秒，于是命令比赛再重新开始，
就这样美国人只能硬着头皮再次回到场上，没想到前苏联球员
巴罗夫上篮球进，前苏联队最后以一分优势战胜了美国队、夺
得了奥运金牌，而这也是美国队在奥运历史上输掉的第一场比
赛。
 During the next Olympiads, the U.S
failed to win the gold medal twice.
Women’s basketball was added to the
Olympic program in 1976.
 since then, the gold
medals have been divided
between the U.S, the
Soviet Union and ,after the
break-up of the Soviet
Break up: 解体
Union, the Commonwealth
of Independent States.
Besides, other countries
with successful traditions
the Commonwealth of
in Olympic women’s
Independent States：独联体
basketball include
Australia, Brazil, China,
and the former Yugoslavia.
 The situation changed
dramatically in
Barcelona in 1992,
Dramatically:巨大地
when the International
Basketball Federation
professional players：职业选手
decided to allow
professional players to
take part in the
Olympics.
take part in：参加

The U.S “Dream Team”, made up
primarily of NBA stare, totally
dominated competition once again,
and “Dream Team Ⅱ”, though not
quite as dominant, won with
Made up of :组成
Primarily:主要地
relative ease in 1996. At the 2000
Olympics in Sydney in Australia,
Dominate：占主导地位
the United States also won gold
but did not dominate play as
thoroughly as before.
Relative ease:相对轻松
Thoroughly: 完全地
Special terms about basketball
 All-court press 全场紧逼
 Assist 助攻
 Chest pass 胸前传球
 Dribble 运球
 Fake pass 假传球
 Follow-up shot
 Holding 拉人
补篮
 Jump shot
跳投
 Passing 传球
 Air pass 空中传球
 Blocked shot 盖帽
 Catch 接球
 Cross pass 横传球
 Five-second violation
五秒违例
EXERCISE
 1. try to tell us your own playing
basketball experience, it may be an
unforgettable story!
 2. try to say something about
basketball including your favourite
stars, ……
 Free throw 罚球
 Man-to-man defence 人盯人防守
 Pressure defence 紧逼防守
 Zonal defence
 Personal foul
区域联防
个人犯规
 Rebound 篮板球
 Screen 掩护
screener 掩护队员
 Three-point basket 三分篮