Chapter 6 Lecture
Health: The Basics
Tenth Edition
Considering Your
Reproductive Choices
Basic Principles of Birth Control
• Birth Control – also called contraception –
refers to methods of preventing conception.
• Fertility – a person's ability to reproduce
• Perfect-use failure rate – Number of
pregnancies likely to occur (per 100) in first year
of use of a method if used consistently and
accurately
• Typical-use failure rate – Number of
pregnancies likely to occur (per 100) in first year
of use of a method if not used consistently and
accurately
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Contraception Options
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXuiU
H37zQw
– Barrier Methods
– Hormonal Methods
– Behavioral Methods
– Surgical Methods
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Choosing a Method of Contraception
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How comfortable would I be using a particular method?
Will this method be convenient for me and my partner?
Am I at risk for the transmission of STIs?
Do I want to have a biological child in the future?
How would an unplanned pregnancy affect my life?
What are my religious and moral values?
How much will the birth control method cost?
Do I have any health factors that could limit my choice?
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Planning a Pregnancy
• Conception occurs where a sperm reaches an egg,
usually in the fallopian tube.
• The following conditions are necessary for conception:
– A viable egg (ovum)
– A viable sperm
– Access to the egg by the sperm
• Before becoming pregnant consider
– Your emotional health
– Maternal health
– Paternal health
– Financial status
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Fertilization
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Conception
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccA4Oq
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The Process of Pregnancy
• Early Signs of Pregnancy
– Missed period, although spotting may occur
– Breast tenderness
– Emotional upset
– Extreme fatigue
– Nausea and vomiting (morning sickness),
most common in morning, but can occur any
time of day
– Sleeplessness
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Changes in a Woman's Body During
Pregnancy
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The Process of Pregnancy
• First Trimester
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Few noticeable changes in woman's body
May urinate more often and experience morning sickness
Embryo differentiates and develops organ systems
At start of third month the embryo is called a fetus, indicating all
organ systems are in place.
• Second Trimester
– Physical changes in the woman's body become more noticeable
– Placenta—The network of blood vessels connected to umbilical
cord that carries oxygen and nutrients from mother to fetus and
fetal waste products to mother becomes well established.
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The Process of Pregnancy (cont.)
• Third Trimester
– Greatest fetal growth, gains most of its weight
– Fetus must get large amounts of calcium,
iron, and nitrogen from mother's food intake.
– Fat layer develops in eighth month.
– Respiratory and digestive organs need further
development to avoid complications.
• Emotional Changes
– Women may experience fear of
complications, anxiety, wonder and
excitement over the baby.
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The Birth Process
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.