Md. Ayub Hossain.
Asst. Teacher (ICT)
Khedapara Gangulia Fazil Madrasa,
Manirampur, Jessore.
Class :Eight
nd
paper
Subject- English 2
Fundamental rules of voice change
Rule- 1
 The places of subject and object are interchanged i.e.
the object shifts to the place of subject and subject
shifts to the place of object in passive voice. Example.
Active voice: I write a letter.
Passive voice: I letter is written by me.
Rules two
 Auxiliary verbs are used passive voice
according to the tense of sentence
Rules three
 3rd form of verb (past participle) is always used as
main verb in sentences of passive voice for all
tenses. Base form of verb or present participle will
be never used in passive voice.
Rule four
 The word “by” is used before subject in
sentences in passive voice. Example.
Active voice: He sings a song.
Passive voice: A song is sung by him.
 The word “by” is not always used before subject
in passive voice. Sometimes words “with, to,
etc” may also be used before subject in passive
voice.
 Active voice: He knows me.
Passive voice: I am known to him.
Voice change
according to tense
Present indefinite
 Active- Subject + V1 + object
 Passive- object ( subjective form) + am/is/are
+ v3 + by + subject( objective form)
Using of am/is/are
 I –am
 You- are
 Kamal/He - is
Kamal
likes
apples.
Apples
are liked
by kamal
He
A servant
He
I
employs
is employed
likes
am liked
a servant.
by him
me
By him
My mother washes my clothes.
My clothes are washed by my mother
Kannan beats Ravi.
Ravi is beaten by Kannan.
We celebrate the Golden Jubilee of our
school.
The Golden Jubilee of our school is
celebrated by us.
I greet the student.
The student is greeted by me.
The cat kills the rats.
The rats are killed by the cat.
He writes a letter.
A letter is written by him.
Ravi Varma teaches us grammar.
Grammar is taught by Ravi Varma to us.
She helps the poor.
The poor are helped by her.
past indefinite
 Active = subject ++ v2+ objective
 passive = object( subjective form)+ was/were + v3 +
by+ subject( objective form
using of was/were
 I- was
 WE- were
 you- were
 3rd person singular-was
 3rd person plural- were
They
killed
the enemies.
The enemies were killed by them
He
wrote
A letter
was written
a letter.
by him
Thomson discovered the electrons.
The electrons were discovered by Thomson
A car knocked down the child
The child was knocked down by a car.
The people gave a grand welcome to
the president.
The president was given a grand
welcome by the people.
Raja rajan built the Big temple of
Tanjore.
The Big temple of Tanjore was built by
Raja rajan
My uncle painted this picture.
This picture was painted by my uncle.
Kamal played the match skillfully.
The match was played by Kamal
skillfully.
I saw a monkey on the roof.
A monkey was seen by me on the roof.
He taught me driving.
Driving was taught by him to me.
1.
The people elected him.
2.
I received the prize.
3.
Ramu told many stories.
4.
They enjoyed the tour very much.
5.
She posted the letter yester day.
6.
Every one appreciated him.
7.
The director released the stamp.
8.
Pieter saved Holland.
9.
Rama killed Ravana.
10. The party missed the train.
1.
He was elected by the people.
2.
The prize was received by me.
3.
Many stories were told by Ramu.
4.
The tour was enjoyed by them very much.
5.
The letter was posted by her yester day.
6.
He was appreciated by every one.
7.
The stamp was released by the director.
8.
Holland was saved by Pieter.
9.
Ravana was killed by Rama.
10.
The train was missed by the party.
Future tense
 Active = subject +shall+ v1+ objective
 passive = object( subjective form)+ Shall/ will
be + v3 + by+ subject( objective form)
using of shall/ will be
 1st person- shall be
 2nd and 3rd person – will be
Kamal
will play
The match will be played
My father
A car
will buy
the match.
by Kamal
a car.
will be bought by my father
We shall over come the trouble.
The trouble will be over come by us.
They will give us some help.
Some help will be given by them to us.
They will not teach him swimming.
He will not be taught swimming by them.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Flora will bake a cake.
He will write his examination tomorrow.
He will post the letters.
She will paint the bay of nables.
The police will catch the thief soon.
ANSWERS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
A cake will be baked by Flora.
The examination will be written by him
tomorrow.
The letters will be posted by him.
The bay of nables will be painted by her
The thief will be caught by the police soon.
Thomson is writing the examination.
The examination is being written
by Thomson.
They are building a new house.
A new house is being built by them.
Rani is singing a song.
A song is being sung by Rani.
He has completed the course.
The course has been completed by him.
She has posted the letters already.
The letters have been posted by her already.
They have released the result already.
The result has been released by them
already.
1. They will discuss the matter tomorrow.
2. Mrs. Elizabeth taught us grammar last year.
3. The people beat the thief.
4. -------