Out of Information and
into Communication:
Networked Communication
and Internet Usage
WIP 2009
Macao University
Gustavo Cardoso and Vera Araújo
July 2009
Theoretical Framework
Stefik (1997) – Four Archetypes
1)
2)
3)
4)
The Keeper of Knowledge
The Trader
The Adventurer
The Communicator
From Keepers of Knowledge…
…to Communicators
Theoretical Framework
Evolution of Communication Models
1)
2)
3)
4)
Interpersonal Communication
One-to-many Communication
Mass Communication
Networked Communication Model
Globalization of
Communication Processes
Networked Mediation
Interactivity degree
Theoretical Framework
Networked Communication Model
Examples…
Evolution of Uses
Internet usages have been widening because…
…users have been evolving
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC DIVERSIFICATION
OF INTERNET USERS
Internet Users in Portugal 2003-2008
*Source: WIP Portugal 2008 (n=1038)
**Source: A Sociedade em Rede em Portugal 2006 (n=2000)
Internet Users in Portugal 2008 – Gender (%)
Source: WIP Portugal 2009 (n=1038)
Internet Users in Portugal 2008 – Age (%)
Source: WIP Portugal 2009 (n=1038)
Evolution of Uses
Internet usages have been widening because…
…technology has been evolving
BROADBAND MASSIFICATION
Evolution of Uses
Broadband impact on selected Internet activities, selected OECD countries
(Difference, in percentage points, between broadband and narrowband users, 2006)
Source: OECD, 2007
Evolution of Uses
Internet usages have been widening because…
…applications have been evolving
WEB 2.0
Evolution of Uses
Evolution of Uses
Internet usages have been widening because…
…contexts of use have been evolving
MOBILITY
Evolution of Uses
Evolution of Uses
Internet usages have been widening because…
…digital skills have been evolving
DIGITAL LITERACY
Evolution of Uses
Evolution of Uses
Internet usages have been widening because…
… contents have been evolving
E-CONTENT DIVERSIFICATION
Evolution of Uses
Research Question
So… how are we using the
Internet for in the Networked
Communication Society?
Methodology
Universe: people aged 15 or more, living in Continental
Portugal
Sample: n=1038
Internet Usages in Portugal 2003-2008 (%)
Technological based study: Top 10 researched expressions on the Internet
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Source: Marktest
2003
Portugal
Download
Lisboa
Free
Porto
Natal
2003
CD
Sexo
DVD
2006
Gmail
Sexo
Jogos
Google
Emule
Hi5
Sapo
Fnac
Páginas Amarelas
Euromilhões
2008
Youtube
Hi5
Gmail
Sapo
Wikipedia
Hotmail
TMN
Vodafone
Jogos
Meteorologia
Internet Usages in Portugal 2003-2008 (%)
User based study: Top 10 uses of the Internet (% of Internet Users)
2003
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Email
Browse the web
Online encyclopedias,
dictionaries or atlas
Chats
Look for news
Download music
Look for show related
information
Download software
Look for sports news
10
2006:
73,3 Email
64,9 Browse the web
47,9 Online encyclopedias,
dictionaries or atlas
39,8 Look for news
39,3 Chats
34,1 schedule meetings with
friends
30,7
Play online videogames
28,8 Contact friends when
feeling down
28,5
Look for sports news
28,4
Look for travel
information
Source: WIP Portugal 2003, 2006 and 2008
Look for show related
information
2008: COMMUNICATION
70,7 Email
89,4
53,9 Instant Messaging
74,5
41,2
74,5
Look for news
35,4 Browse the web
34,8 Check facts
30,5 Look for information
about products
28,4 Look for a definition of a
word
28,0
Use social networks
69,6
68,6
67,6
27,6 Download/listen to
online music
27,4 Download/watch online
videos/
Look for health-related
information
49,0
59.2
52,0
43,6
Internet Usages in Portugal 2008 (%)
User-based study: Top 10 uses of the Internet – 2008 (% of Internet Users)
Daily: COMMUNICATION
Weekly: INFO/ENTERTAIN
Monthly: ENTERTAIN/INFO
1
59,4
33,2 Look for info about
21,5
Email
Check facts
products
2
47,3 Look for info about
32,2
19,6
Instant Messaging
Look for health-related info
products
3 Look for news
31,2 Look for news
31,4 Look for travel info
18,8
4 Use social networks
25,5 Browse the web
29,5 DW software
18,3
5
25,2 Look for a definition of 28,7
16,8
Browse the web
Check facts
a Word
6 Check facts
18,6 E-mail
25,0 Look for humoristic content 16,6
7
15,1 DW/listen to online
23,5
16,3
Chats
Look for a definition
music
8 Look for info for
14,8
22,3
15,8
IM
DW/watch online videos
School/University
9 Look for a definition
14,1 Play online games
19,8 Browse the web
14,9
10 DW /listen to online music/ 13,9
18,6
14,6
DW or watch online
Play games/ Look for info
Use Wikipedia
videos
about products
Source: WIP Portugal 2008 (n=404)
Daily Internet Usages – selected age groups (% of Internet users)
Source: WIP Portugal 2008
Daily Internet Usages – gender(% of Internet users)
Source: WIP Portugal 2008
Internet Usages around the World
Out of Information
and into
Communication…
… a Wordwide trend?
Internet Usages around the World
Top 10 daily uses of the Internet, selected countries
Australia
1 Email
Bolivia
Email
2 Look for news Chat rooms
3 Instant
Messaging
Instant
Messaging
4 E-banking
Listening/downlo
ading music
5 Browse the
Looking up for a
Web
definition
6 Information for Browse the Web
school
7 Checking a
Information for
fact
school
8 Listening/down Checking a fact
loading music
China
Colombia
Browse the Web Email
Instant
Messaging
Look for news
Sweden
Email
Look for news
Instant
Messaging
Information for Instant
school
Messaging
Listening/downlo Checking a fact
ading music
Email
Browse the
Web
Play games
Looking up for
online
a definition
UK
Email
Browse the Browse the
Web
Web
Look for news
Instant
Messaging
Browse the
Look for
Web
news
Listening/downl Checking a
oading music fact
Checking a fact Information
about
products
Watching/downl Look for news Listening to
Play online
oading video
online radio
games
Checking a fact Listening/downl Look for a job Listen to
oading music
online radio
9 Looking up for Watching/downlo Information for
a definition
ading video
school
Watching/downl Make phone
oading video
calls
10 Watching/dow Look for news
nloading video
Look for health Play online
information
games
Look for a job
USA
Email
Instant
Messaging
Play online
games
E-banking
Checking a
fact
Information
about products
Information Listening/dow
for school
nloading
music
Source:
WIP 2007
Make phone Information for
calls
school
Internet Usages around the World
Profile 1 - Latin America and South Europe: Communication Driven Usage
Profile 2 – China: Entertainment Driven Usage
Internet Usages around the World
Profile 3 - USA and Australia: Triumvirate Driven Model (Comm-Info-Enter)
Profile 4 - Sweden and Britain: Dual Driven Model (Comm-Info)
Conclusions
Some conclusions...
1) Internet usages have been evolving , oriented more
and more towards communication activities, which serve
as a ground for the development of the Network
Communication Society;
2) Countries present specificities;
3) Importance of Communication activities on daily life.