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Psychology Tools
Emotional Regulation Systems
Drive System
Purpose: To motivate us towards resources
Nucleus accumbens
Dopamine
Feelings: Wanting, pursuing, achieving, progressing, focused
Soothing System
Purpose: To manage distress and promote bonding
Prefrontal cortex
Opiates, oxytocin
Feelings: Contented, safe, protected, cared-for, trust
Threat System
Purpose: Threat detection and protection
“Better safe than sorry”
Amygdala
Adrenaline, cortisol
Feelings: Anxiety, anger, disgust
Gilbert’s evolutionary model proposes that human beings switch between three
systems to manage their emotions.
Each system is associated with different brain regions and different brain
chemistry.
Distress is caused by imbalance between the systems, often associated with
under-development of the soothing system.